In the quotient space theory of granular computing,the universe structure is assumed to be a topology,therefore,its application is still limited.In this study,based on the quotient space model,the universe structure i...In the quotient space theory of granular computing,the universe structure is assumed to be a topology,therefore,its application is still limited.In this study,based on the quotient space model,the universe structure is assumed as an algebra instead of a topology.As to obtain the algebraic quotient operator,the granulation must be uniquely determined by a congruence relation,and all the congruence relations form a complete semi-order lattice,which is the theoretical basis of granularities ' completeness.When the given equivalence relation is not a congruence relation,it defines the concepts of upper quotient and lower quotient,and discusses some of their properties which demonstrate that falsity preserving principle and truth preserving principle are still valid.Finally,it presents the algorithms and example of upper quotient and lower quotient.The work extends the quotient space theory from structure,and provides theoretical basis for the combination of the quotient space theory and the algebra theory.展开更多
City regions often have great diversity in form and function. To better understand the role of each region, the relations between city regions need to be carefully studied. In this work, the human mobility relations b...City regions often have great diversity in form and function. To better understand the role of each region, the relations between city regions need to be carefully studied. In this work, the human mobility relations between regions of Shanghai based on mobile phone data is explored. By formulating the regions as nodes in a network and the commuting between each pair of regions as link weights, the distribution of nodes degree, and spatial structures of communities in this relation network are studied. Statistics show that regions locate in urban centers and traffic hubs have significantly larger degrees. Moreover, two kinds of spatial structures of communities are found. In most communities, nodes are spatially neighboring. However, in the communities that cover traffic hubs, nodes often locate along corridors.展开更多
A fuzzy clustering analysis model based on the quotient space is proposed. Firstly, the conversion from coarse to fine granularity and the hierarchical structure are used to reduce the multidimensional samples. Second...A fuzzy clustering analysis model based on the quotient space is proposed. Firstly, the conversion from coarse to fine granularity and the hierarchical structure are used to reduce the multidimensional samples. Secondly, the fuzzy compatibility relation matrix of the model is converted into fuzzy equivalence relation matrix. Finally, the diagram of clustering genealogy is generated according to the fuzzy equivalence relation matrix, which enables the dynamic selection of different thresholds to effectively solve the problem of cluster analysis of the samples with multi-dimensional attributes.展开更多
Analyses of spatial relationships and social interactions provide insights into the social structure of animal societies and the ways in which social preferences among and between dyads affect higher order social rela...Analyses of spatial relationships and social interactions provide insights into the social structure of animal societies and the ways in which social preferences among and between dyads affect higher order social relationships. In this paper we de- scribe the patterns of spatial associations and social interactions among adult male northern muriquis in order to evaluate the dy- namics of their social networks above the dyadic levels. Systematic observations were made on the 17 adult males present in a multi-male/multi-female group from April 2004 through February 2005, and in July 2005. Analyses of their spatial relationships identified two distinct male cliques; some adult males （called ＂N＂ males） were more connected to the females and immatures than other adult males （＂MU＂ males）, which were more connected to one another. Affiliative interactions were significantly higher among dyads belonging to the same clique than to different cliques. Although frequencies of dyadic agonistic interactions were similarly low among individuals within and between cliques, MU males appeared to be subordinate to N males. Nonetheless, there were no significant differences in the copulation rates estimated for MU males and N males. Mutual benefits of cooperation between MU and N cliques in intergroup encounters might explain their ongoing associations in the same mixed-sex group展开更多
Few studies have to date gone behind the scenes to unveil the hidden metaphor-metonymy structure underpinning the input hypothesis （ Krashen 1981 ） despite overt attention paid to it over the years. In an effort to ...Few studies have to date gone behind the scenes to unveil the hidden metaphor-metonymy structure underpinning the input hypothesis （ Krashen 1981 ） despite overt attention paid to it over the years. In an effort to use a fine-grained metaphor-analysis approach（ e. g. , Lakoffand Johnson 1980, 1999） to revisit the input hypothesis, this study looks into its thrust--the causal effect of comprehensible input upon comprehension--in the hope of charting out its hidden organization. By discovering a theme of CAUSATION pivoted on space-based metaphors and metonyrnies, the present study brings to relief two fallacies committed in the input hypothesis. First, the heavy dependence on the prototypicaUy physical-spatial hierarchy leads to a red-herring fallacy, whose inconsistency defies rather than supports its statement about comprehensible input as the overriding cause. Second, although there is no denying that comprehensible input is a significant source of language gains, to enthrone it as the sole causal variable to the exclusion of all the other important variables, especially the agency of the 1.2 learner who should have been positioned in the spotlight in the first place, is another fallacy of immense magnitude.展开更多
Functional limit theorems for scaled occupation time fluctuations of a sequence of generalized branching particle systems in Rd with anisotropic space motions and strongly degenerated splitting abilities are studied i...Functional limit theorems for scaled occupation time fluctuations of a sequence of generalized branching particle systems in Rd with anisotropic space motions and strongly degenerated splitting abilities are studied in the cases of critical and intermediate dimensions. The results show that the limit processes are time-independent measure-valued Wiener processes with simple spatial structure.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61173052)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.14JJ4007)
文摘In the quotient space theory of granular computing,the universe structure is assumed to be a topology,therefore,its application is still limited.In this study,based on the quotient space model,the universe structure is assumed as an algebra instead of a topology.As to obtain the algebraic quotient operator,the granulation must be uniquely determined by a congruence relation,and all the congruence relations form a complete semi-order lattice,which is the theoretical basis of granularities ' completeness.When the given equivalence relation is not a congruence relation,it defines the concepts of upper quotient and lower quotient,and discusses some of their properties which demonstrate that falsity preserving principle and truth preserving principle are still valid.Finally,it presents the algorithms and example of upper quotient and lower quotient.The work extends the quotient space theory from structure,and provides theoretical basis for the combination of the quotient space theory and the algebra theory.
基金Project(71303269)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(14ZZD006)supported by the Economics Major Research Task of Fostering,China
文摘City regions often have great diversity in form and function. To better understand the role of each region, the relations between city regions need to be carefully studied. In this work, the human mobility relations between regions of Shanghai based on mobile phone data is explored. By formulating the regions as nodes in a network and the commuting between each pair of regions as link weights, the distribution of nodes degree, and spatial structures of communities in this relation network are studied. Statistics show that regions locate in urban centers and traffic hubs have significantly larger degrees. Moreover, two kinds of spatial structures of communities are found. In most communities, nodes are spatially neighboring. However, in the communities that cover traffic hubs, nodes often locate along corridors.
文摘A fuzzy clustering analysis model based on the quotient space is proposed. Firstly, the conversion from coarse to fine granularity and the hierarchical structure are used to reduce the multidimensional samples. Secondly, the fuzzy compatibility relation matrix of the model is converted into fuzzy equivalence relation matrix. Finally, the diagram of clustering genealogy is generated according to the fuzzy equivalence relation matrix, which enables the dynamic selection of different thresholds to effectively solve the problem of cluster analysis of the samples with multi-dimensional attributes.
文摘Analyses of spatial relationships and social interactions provide insights into the social structure of animal societies and the ways in which social preferences among and between dyads affect higher order social relationships. In this paper we de- scribe the patterns of spatial associations and social interactions among adult male northern muriquis in order to evaluate the dy- namics of their social networks above the dyadic levels. Systematic observations were made on the 17 adult males present in a multi-male/multi-female group from April 2004 through February 2005, and in July 2005. Analyses of their spatial relationships identified two distinct male cliques; some adult males （called ＂N＂ males） were more connected to the females and immatures than other adult males （＂MU＂ males）, which were more connected to one another. Affiliative interactions were significantly higher among dyads belonging to the same clique than to different cliques. Although frequencies of dyadic agonistic interactions were similarly low among individuals within and between cliques, MU males appeared to be subordinate to N males. Nonetheless, there were no significant differences in the copulation rates estimated for MU males and N males. Mutual benefits of cooperation between MU and N cliques in intergroup encounters might explain their ongoing associations in the same mixed-sex group
文摘Few studies have to date gone behind the scenes to unveil the hidden metaphor-metonymy structure underpinning the input hypothesis （ Krashen 1981 ） despite overt attention paid to it over the years. In an effort to use a fine-grained metaphor-analysis approach（ e. g. , Lakoffand Johnson 1980, 1999） to revisit the input hypothesis, this study looks into its thrust--the causal effect of comprehensible input upon comprehension--in the hope of charting out its hidden organization. By discovering a theme of CAUSATION pivoted on space-based metaphors and metonyrnies, the present study brings to relief two fallacies committed in the input hypothesis. First, the heavy dependence on the prototypicaUy physical-spatial hierarchy leads to a red-herring fallacy, whose inconsistency defies rather than supports its statement about comprehensible input as the overriding cause. Second, although there is no denying that comprehensible input is a significant source of language gains, to enthrone it as the sole causal variable to the exclusion of all the other important variables, especially the agency of the 1.2 learner who should have been positioned in the spotlight in the first place, is another fallacy of immense magnitude.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10901054)
文摘Functional limit theorems for scaled occupation time fluctuations of a sequence of generalized branching particle systems in Rd with anisotropic space motions and strongly degenerated splitting abilities are studied in the cases of critical and intermediate dimensions. The results show that the limit processes are time-independent measure-valued Wiener processes with simple spatial structure.
