青藏高原东部流域径流偶极子时空变化规律

青藏高原是典型的高山寒区,其陆地水循环包括冰雪融水、土壤冻融、降雨径流等复杂过程。近年来,青藏高原的主要河川径流在全球气候变化的影响下发生了显著变化,深刻影响下游水资源利用和生态系统,厘清其变化规律具有重要意义。本文对1980—2015年间青藏高原东部区域的6条主要外流河12个干流水文站的实测年径流以及该区域5种降水产品进行了区域分时段的归类分析,发现其径流变化存在偶极子型的时空变化规律,即径流在某时间点和空间点两侧的变化趋势相反:站点径流在1999年发生了趋势转折,以昌都水文站和嘉玉桥水文站为分界的南北站点径流趋势相反,其中北部站点径流呈先减小后增加的趋势,南部站点则趋势相反;降水变化和径流变化具有相同的偶极子时空特征,并且识别了32°N为变化趋势的南北分界线。上述结论有助于理解青藏高原东部河流的径流变化机理,并可为预估径流变化趋势、科学开展水资源管理提供依据。

青藏高原潜在蒸发时空变化的南北分异特征

分析潜在蒸发时空变化对准确认识青藏高原实际蒸发和水量平衡变化规律具有重要意义,虽然多项水文气候和环境要素变化具有明显的空间分异,但目前对潜在蒸发变化空间分异的认识并不清晰。本文采用Penman公式,利用青藏高原及其缓冲区内312个气象站数据计算和分析了1980—2015年潜在蒸发量及其辐射项和空气动力学项时空变化的规律,揭示了其具有南北差异的非单调变化的时空特征。青藏高原及其附近地区多年平均潜在蒸发量以32°30′N为界与纬度呈“V”型非单调变化,在南部随纬度升高而减小,在北部随纬度升高而增大;南北部年潜在蒸发及其辐射项和空气动力学项都以1999年为转折点呈现差异性非单调变化特征,反映了印度季风与西风两大环流在青藏高原影响的空间分异。

EVOLUTIONARY MODEL OF FREE ECONOMIC ZONES——Different Generations and Structural Features

Free economic zone (FEZ) has a long history and plays a more and more important role in the world economy. Most studies, however, focused on the theoretical analysis of benefit and cost as well as the economic role of FEZ in the less developed countries and little attention has been paid to the evolution of FEZ. This paper will improve the above-mentioned studies and put forward the structural and spatial evolutionary model of FEZ by analyzing the development of objectives, preferential policy, governance structure, industrial sectors and location of FEZs based on the international economic and political development. FEZs develop towards: 1) more comprehensive and macro objectives, 2) more industry-oriented and multi-preferential policies, 3) more cross-national and combination zones with administrative areas, 4) more technology-intensive and multi-industries, 5) more flexible location and larger spatial dimensions, 6) more rapid evolution and typologies, and 7) more economic integration to the host economy.

Boundedness of Marcinkiewicz Integral on Weighted Herz Spaces

In this paper, it is proved that the Marcinkiewicz integral operator μΩ is bounded on Kq^α,p（ω1;ω2）.

The Boundedness of a Class of Singular Integrals and Their Commutators on Generalized Morrey Spaces

The generalized Morrey spaces are introduced under the hypothesis that R^n is endowed with the general parabolic metric , and the boundedness properties are established in generalized Morrey spaces for a class of singular integral operators, which include Calderon-Zygmund singular integrals and.their commutators with BMO.

On the Representation of Some Subnormal Operators

Let T be pure subnormal operator. In this paper necessary and sufficiert conditions that T=N+K are given,where N is normal, K is quasinormal and NK=KN.

L^p-Bounds for a Marcinkiewicz Integral on Product Domains

In this paper, we proved the Lp-boundedness of the Marcinkiewicz integral μΩ(f) on product domains Rn × Rm,where Ω∈L(log+L)2β(Sn-1 × Sm-1)( β > 1).

The Second Separation Theorem in Locally β-Convex Spaces and the Boundedness Theorem in Its Conjugate Cones

This paper deals with the locallyβ-convex analysis that generalizes the locally convex analysis. The second separation theorem in locallyβ-convex spaces, the Minkowski theorem and the Krein-Milman theorem in theβ-convex analysis are given. Moreover, it is obtained that the U F-boundedness and the U B-boundedness in its conjugate cone are equivalent if and only if X is subcomplete.

An Analysis of the Characteristics of the Thermal Boundary Layer in Power Law Fluid

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the heat transfer for the boundary layer flow on a continuous moving surface in power law fluid. The expressions of the thermal boundary layer thickness with the different heat conductivity coefficients are obtained according to the theory of the dimensional analysis of fluid dynamics and heat transfer. And the numerical results of CFD agree well with the proposed expressions. The estimate formulas can be successfully applied to giving the thermal boundary layer thickness.

Ideals in the Roe Algebras of Discrete Metric Spaces with Coefficients in B(H)

The notion of an ideal family of weighted subspaces of a discrete metric space X with bounded geometry is introduced. It is shown that, if X has Yu’s property A, the ideal structure of the Roe algebra of X with coefficients in B(H) is completely characterized by the ideal families of weighted subspaces of X, where B(H) denotes the C*-algebra of bounded linear operators on a separable Hilbert space H.

Integral operators on analytic Morrey spaces

In this note,we characterize the boundedness of the Volterra type operator Tg and its related integral operator Ig on analytic Morrey spaces.Furthermore,the norm and essential norm of those operators are given.As a corollary,we get the compactness of those operators.

IDEAL STRUCTURE OF UNIFORM ROE ALGEBRAS OVER SIMPLE CORES

This paper characterizes ideal structure of the uniform Roe algebra B*(X) over simple cores X. A necessary and sufficient condition for a principal ideal of B*(X) to be spatial is given and an example of non-spatial ideal of B*(X) is constructed. By establishing an one-one correspondence between the ideals of B* (X) and the ω-filters on X, the maximal ideals of B*(X) are completely described by the corona of the Stone-Cech compactification of X.

Triebel-Lizorkin space boundedness of rough singular integrals associated to surfaces of revolution

We consider the boundedness of the rough singular integral operator T_（？,ψ,h） along a surface of revolution on the Triebel-Lizorkin space F^α_（ p,q）（R^n） for Ω ∈ H^1（（S^n-1）） and Ω ∈ Llog^＋L（S^n-1） ∪_1

Volterra operator, area integral and Carleson measures

We characterize the boundedness of Volterra operators from Bergman spaces to Hardy spaces. Area integral operators and Carleson measures are heavily involved.

Decomposition of L^P( Da) Space and Boundary Value of Holomorphic Functions

This paper deals with two topics mentioned in the title. First, it is proved that function f in L^P（ Da） can be decomposed into a sum g ＋ h, where Da is an angular domain in the complex plane, g and h are the non-tangential limits of functions in H^P（Da） and H^P（aD^c） in the sense of LP（Da）, respectively. Second, the sufficient and necessary conditions between boundary values of holomorphic functions and distributions in n-dimensional complex space are obtained.

Regional differences in the health status of Chinese residents:2003–2013

Health inequality is an increasing concern worldwide. Using the coefficient of varia- tion, Theil index, exploratory spatial data analysis, and spatial panel econometric model, we examined the regional inequality, spatio-temporal dynamic patterns, and key factors in the health status of Chinese residents from 2003 to 2013. We found that China＇s residential health index （RHI） decreased from 0.404 to 0.295 in 2003-2013 at an annual rate of 2.698%. Spatially, resident health status, based on the RHI, has improved faster in the western region than in the eastern and central regions. Inequality in resident health status continued to in- crease between 2003 and 2013; inequality between regions decreased, but health status inequality expanded within regions. Furthermore, disparities in health status grew faster in western regions than in the eastern and central regions. The spatial distribution of resident health status formed a ＂T-shaped＂ pattern across China, decreasing from east to center then to the west with a symmetric decrease north and south. Using the change in Moran＇s / from 2003 to 2008 and 2013, we found that the distribution of resident health status across China has narrowed. All the hot spots and cold spots have decreased, but they are also stable. Resident health status formed a stable cold spot in the western regions, while the east coastal area formed a stable hot spot. Selected explanatory variables have significant direct impacts on resident health status in China： increasing per capita GDP, per capita spending on health, and urbanization, and improving environmental quality all lead to better resident health status. Finally, we highlight the need for additional research on regional inequality of resident health status across multiple time, spatial, and factor domains.

Effects of the superhydrophobic surface on coherent structures in the turbulent boundary layer

The influence of drag-reducing superhydrophobic(SHPo)surface on turbulent boundary layer(TBL)is investigated.A large area of the SHPo surface(about 10δ99 in the streamwise and 5δ99 in the spanwise)is fabricated to fully evolve the coherent structures in the TBL.A comparative experiment is carried out by time-resolved particle image velocimetry on a smooth surface and the SHPo surface at Re_(τ)=528.Velocity profiles with high spatial resolution are obtained by the single-pixel resolution ensemble correlation method.The reduction of the streamwise velocity gradient is observed in the near-wall region of y<0.05δ99 on the SHPo surface.By comparing the turbulence statistics,it is discovered that the Reynolds shear stress is reduced by 15.7%,and the turbulent kinetic energy is reduced by 12.3%on the SHPo surface.The coherent structures are investigated by the snapshot proper orthogonal decomposition(POD)and conditional average method.The intensity of Q_(2)/Q_(4)events on the SHPo surface has declined by 16.1%and 12.7%,respectively.The number of clockwise spanwise vortices is substantially reduced by 47%.Through spatial two-point correlation analysis,the streamwise and wall-normal direction scales of the coherent structures on the SHPo surface are suppressed.

Characterization of Essential Stability in Lower Pseudocontinuous Optimization Problems

Characterization of essential stability of minimum solutions for a class of optimization problems with boundedness and lower pseudocontinuity on a compact metric space is given. It shows that any optimization problem considered here has one essential component(resp. one essential minimum solution) if and only if its minimum solution set is connected(resp. singleton) and that those optimization problems which have a unique minimum solution form a residual set(however, which need not to be dense).

L_p-DICHOTOMY OF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IN AN ARBITRARY BANACH SPACE

The notion of Lp-dichotomy for linear differential equations with possibly unbounded oper-ator is introduced. By help of Banach fixed point theorem sufficient conditions for the existenceof bounded solutions of nonlinear differential equations with an Lp-dichotomous linear part areobtained.

Perturbation analysis for continuous-time Markov chains

We investigate perturbation for continuous-time Markov chains(CTMCs) on a countable state space. Explicit bounds on ?D and D are derived in terms of a drift condition, where ? and D represent the perturbation of the intensity matrices and the deviation matrix, respectively. Moreover, we obtain perturbation bounds on the stationary distributions, which extends the results by Liu(2012) for uniformly bounded CTMCs to general(possibly unbounded) CTMCs. Our arguments are mainly based on the technique of augmented truncations.