洪江古商城建筑群空间型构特征初探

本文以洪江古商城为研究对象,以历史资料以及现场调研为依据,分析了洪江古商城建筑群的生长以及自下而上的自组织过程,进而分析了古城建筑群形态的空间型构特点,为今后建筑群体设计的地域性传承与体现提供了一定的参考。

乡村纪实节目的乡村空间型构——以CCTV-17《我的美丽乡村》为例

乡村作为空间而存在。乡村空间既是物理空间,也是具有深刻的精神和社会意义的空间。乡村纪实节目型构物理空间、精神空间和社会空间等表征空间,聚焦深层的意义和隐喻,使受众在乡村空间结构的背景下具体地感知乡村文化。本文以CCTV-17《我的美丽乡村》为例,分析其如何在影像实践中再现乡村空间,如何让受众通过视听效果了解到比现实生活中更丰富的传播目标、乡村的多重空间型构和丰富多样的文化,以期为此类纪实片的创作和传播提供借鉴。

Urban Spatial Restructuring in Transitional Economy——Changing Land Use Pattern in Shanghai

For almost three decades, China has been undergoing significant transition from a planned economy to a market economy. Fast-paced economic growth and urbanization, interacting with market-oriented reforms in land re- sources allocation, have caused profound spatial restructuring of Chinese cities. This paper examines urban expansion and land use reconfiguration in Shanghai’s central city from 1979 to 2002, with a special focus on the effect of the adoption of the land-leasing system in 1988. The empirical research, which employs GIS-based spatial analysis tech- niques to explore land use data for multiple years, indicates fundamental changes in the spatial characteristics of urban development in Shanghai after this important land policy reform.

Population structure of the blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis revealed by SSCP data using the mitochondrial Cyt b and the nuclear ITS1 markers

The population genetic structure of the blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis was analyzed using 853 individual ticks collected from 12 sites along the eastern seaboard of the United States. PCR-based DNA single strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) was used for analysis of one haploid locus, the mitochondrial cytochrome b(Cyt b), and one diploid locus, the internal transcribed spacer 1(ITS1) of nuclear ribosomal RNA. Seven haplotypes in the Cyt b locus and 13 genotypes in the ITS1 locus were identified. Population differentiation and isolation by distance were found. Distribution of haplotype and genotype frequencies across geographic regions suggests that two distinct populations exist along the Eastern Coast of the US. However, genetic variation among individuals within regions was large. This degree of variation suggests frequent gene flow between regions. Moreover, overall genetic diversity among individuals was much higher in ticks from the southern population.

Observations and Simulations of the Circulation and Mixing around the Andaman-Nicobar Submarine Ridge

Using data collected by an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler （ADCP） on a research cruise in April 2010 in the eastern Indian Ocean, the vertical cun＇ent structures surrounding the Andaman-Nicobar Submarine Ridge （ANSR） are analyzed to investigate the hydrographic responses to the topography in this region. The results show that the topography of ANSR can induce internal waves around the submarine ridge that have a maximum current velocity of 1 m s 1 The spatial struc- ture of the turbulent kinetic energy （TKE） and shear in this region during 2010 is investigated using the high-resolution Princeton Ocean Model （POM） forced by the satellite-based Advanced Scatterometer （ASCAT） winds including the tide, The results show that the model successfully simulates the internal waves around the ANSR. Numerical experiments further indicate that both the topography and tide play an important role in the gen- eration of the internal waves in this region.

Alignments, Topologies, Convex Geometries and Higgs Spaces

Aligned spaces generalize topological spaces and generate Higgs spaces. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a finite aligned space to be a topological space, we prove the existence of two kinds of convex geometries, and we compare several concepts and results for arbitrary （that is, not necessarily finite） aligned, topological and Higgs spaces.

Short-term traffic flow prediction with PSR-XGBoostconsidering chaotic characteristics

To improve the level of active traffic management,a short-term traffic flow prediction model is proposed by combining phase space reconstruction(PSR)and extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)algorithms.Firstly,the traditional data preprocessing method is improved.The new method uses hierarchical clustering to determine the traffic flow state and fills in missing and abnormal data according to different traffic flow states.Secondly,one-dimensional data are mapped into a multidimensional data matrix through PSR,and the time series complex network is used to verify the data reconstruction effect.Finally,the multidimensional data matrix is inputted into the XGBoost model to predict future traffic flow parameters.The experimental results show that the mean square error,average absolute error,and average absolute percentage error of the prediction results of the PSR-XGBoost model are 5.399%,1.632%,and 6.278%,respectively,and the required running time is 17.35 s.Compared with mathematical-statistical models and other machine learning models,the PSR-XGBoost model has clear advantages in multiple predictive indicators,proving its feasibility and superiority in short-term traffic flow prediction.

Modeling of Rocks with Spatial Distributed Fractures by Random Medium Theory

By using the spectrum expanding theory of random processes and Hudson's crack model,we developed a random medium model for rocks with spatial random distributed number density of cracks. This model could connect the micro-parameters of the cracks with the macro- mechanical properties, and can be effectively applied to model the real inhomogeneous medium. Numerical example indicates that the random distribution characters could be different for different elastic constants under the same random distribution of number density of cracks. By changing the value of the autocorrelation length pair, it is possible to model the difference of the distribution in the two coordinate directions. Numerical modeling results for seismic wave propagating in rocks with random distributed fractures using a staggered high-order finite-difference (SHOFD) are also presented.

Quotient space model based on algebraic structure

In the quotient space theory of granular computing,the universe structure is assumed to be a topology,therefore,its application is still limited.In this study,based on the quotient space model,the universe structure is assumed as an algebra instead of a topology.As to obtain the algebraic quotient operator,the granulation must be uniquely determined by a congruence relation,and all the congruence relations form a complete semi-order lattice,which is the theoretical basis of granularities ' completeness.When the given equivalence relation is not a congruence relation,it defines the concepts of upper quotient and lower quotient,and discusses some of their properties which demonstrate that falsity preserving principle and truth preserving principle are still valid.Finally,it presents the algorithms and example of upper quotient and lower quotient.The work extends the quotient space theory from structure,and provides theoretical basis for the combination of the quotient space theory and the algebra theory.

Triaxial Shape, Signature Splitting, and Shape Coexistence in ^(127,129,131)Nd

Signature splitting and shape coexistence at high spin in the neutron deficient nucleus ^129Nd are investigated with the configuration-dependent cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky approach. The calculated bands are compared with the observed signature partner bands and very good agreement results at high spin are obtained. The observed deformed bands are confirmed as normal and highly deformed and their properties are explained theoretically. Terminating states in ^129Nd and other terminations are predicted. There is shape coexistence within the same configuration from lowspin states to high-spin states. Possible normal and highly deformed bands with rotation around the intermediate principal axis in several interesting configurations of ^129Nd are discussed. The experimental results for ^131Nd are simply discussed and the calculated bands are in good agreement with observed bands at high spin. TriaxiM shapes in ^127 Nd with a triaxial deformation of γ -12° are predicted and should be observed experimentally. The value of negative γ of π（h11/2）^4v（h11/2）^7 configuration increases with neutron number increasing in ^127,129,131Nd. The triaxial shape evolutions with neutron number increasing in ^127,129,131Nd and in ^126,128,130,132pr are explained by the strong driving force of specified single particle orbitals towards to triaxial shape.

EVOLUTIONARY MODEL OF FREE ECONOMIC ZONES——Different Generations and Structural Features

Free economic zone (FEZ) has a long history and plays a more and more important role in the world economy. Most studies, however, focused on the theoretical analysis of benefit and cost as well as the economic role of FEZ in the less developed countries and little attention has been paid to the evolution of FEZ. This paper will improve the above-mentioned studies and put forward the structural and spatial evolutionary model of FEZ by analyzing the development of objectives, preferential policy, governance structure, industrial sectors and location of FEZs based on the international economic and political development. FEZs develop towards: 1) more comprehensive and macro objectives, 2) more industry-oriented and multi-preferential policies, 3) more cross-national and combination zones with administrative areas, 4) more technology-intensive and multi-industries, 5) more flexible location and larger spatial dimensions, 6) more rapid evolution and typologies, and 7) more economic integration to the host economy.

Spatial Structure Characteristics Detecting of Landform based on Improved 3D Lacunarity Model

The spatial structure characteristics of landform are the foundation of geomorphologic classification and recognition.This paper proposed a new method on quantifying spatial structure characteristics of terrain surface based on improved 3D Lacunarity model.Lacunarity curve and its numerical integration are used in this model to improve traditional classification result that different morphological types may share the close value of indexes based on global statistical analysis.Experiments at four test areas with different landform types show that improved 3D Lacunarity model can effectively distinguish different morphological types per texture analysis.Higher sensitivity in distinguishing the tiny differences of texture characteristics of terrain surface shows that the quantification method by 3D Lacu-narity model and its numerical integration presented in this paper could contribute to improving the accuracy of land-form classifications and relative studies.

Evolution Stages of Oasis Economy and Its Dependence on Natural Resources in Tarim River Basin

This paper examines spatio-temporal characteristics of an oasis economy and its relationship with water and mineral resources in the Tarim River Basin from 1965 to 2005. A spatial autocorrelation model, the center of gravity model, and index system of the regional central city are used to probe the evolution laws of spatial structure of oasis economy. The study finds that: 1) The economic centre of gravity, whose variation track during this period follows linear rate law, was moving from headstream to middle reaches of the Tarim River. 2) Positive spatial autocorrelation which showed a waving and ascending trend of regional economy was significant and the neighbor effect of regional economic growth was strengthened continuously. 3) The regional economic centre was located in Hotan City before 1980, moved to Aksu City during the 1980s and to Korla City after 1990. We conclude that above all, during the recent four decades the evolution of the oasis economy in this region has gone through three stages: a traditional agriculture stage (before 1980), oasis agriculture and agricultural product processing stage (1980–1990) and oasis energy industry stage (after 1990). Furthermore, the dependence degree of the oasis economy on natural resources in different stages are studied by using dominance index, regression model, and grey relation method, which shows that an oasis econ- omy highly depends on water resources in the oasis agriculture and agricultural product processing stage while it de- pends more on mineral resources such as oil and natural gas during the oasis energy industry stage.

Neural network forecasting model based on phase space re-construction in water yield of mine

The neutral network forecasting model based on the phase space reconstruction was proposed. First, through reconstructing the phase space, the time series of single variable was done excursion and expanded into multi- dimension series which included the ergodic information and more rich information could be excavated. Then, on the basis of the embedding dimension of the time series, the structure form of neutral network was constructed, of which the node number in input layer was the embedding dimension of the time series minus 1, and the node number in output layers was 1. Finally, as an example, the model was applied for water yield of mine forecasting. The result shows that the model has good fitting accuracy and forecasting precision.

The rough representation and measurement of quotient structure in algebraic quotient space model

Granular computing is a very hot research field in recent years. In our previous work an algebraic quotient space model was proposed,where the quotient structure could not be deduced if the granulation was based on an equivalence relation. In this paper,definitions were given and formulas of the lower quotient congruence and upper quotient congruence were calculated to roughly represent the quotient structure. Then the accuracy and roughness were defined to measure the quotient structure in quantification. Finally,a numerical example was given to demonstrate that the rough representation and measuring methods are efficient and applicable. The work has greatly enriched the algebraic quotient space model and granular computing theory.

Site-Dependent TERS Study of a Porphyrin Molecule on Ag(100) at 7 K

Single-molecule tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(TERS)has emerged as an important technique for structural analysis at sub-molecular scale.Here in this work,we report a TERS study of an isolated free-base porphyrin molecule adsorbed on the Ag(100)surface at cryogenic temperature(~7 K).Site-dependent TERS spectra reveal distinct local vibrational information for the chemical constituents within a single molecule.Moreover,distinct spatial features among different Raman peaks can be resolved from the TERS mapping images.These images are found to associate with related vibrational modes,enabling to resolve the mode associated with N-H bonds at the sub-nanometer level.This study will provide deep insights into the symmetry of adsorption configurations and local vibrational information within a single molecule.

Examples for Application of Gravitational Model in the Investigation of Spatial Structure

In this paper the authors wish to introduce an application of the gravitational model through two concrete examples. In their investigation the gravitational model was transformed to analyze the spatial structure of Europe, and the impact of accessibility in Hungary. In this analysis not only the size of gravitational forces but their direction can also be measured. Displacements were illustrated by a bi-dimensional regression, which gives a new perspective to the investigation of spatial structure.

Towards structural web services discovery

A syntactic and structural matching mechanism for service discovery was put forward, which tries to exploit the underlying semantics of web services to enhance tbe traditional syntactic service discovery. We commit WSDL （Web Service Description Language） as service description language. The syntactic matching mechanism is based on the textual similarity among WSDL documents using VSM （ Vector Space Model）. The structural information is extracted from WSDL document tree or the invocation sequence of a series of services which can be viewed as the problem of graph isomorphism. Then we combine the syntactic and structural similarity linearly to calculate the service similarity. Finally we provide a novel web services discovery framework named SG^＊ to find the exact services meeting the users＇ goals based on service similarity.

Comparison of the Spatial Design Idea between Geunjeongjeon of Seoul and Chongzheng Hall in Shenyang imperial palace

The construction of the palace carries with it the importance of a country＇s political power. It shows the highest degree of a country＇s culture and represents the significant of planning artistic style.The modes of landscape plan of both Geunjeongjeon of Seoul Gyeongbokgung,and Chongzheng Hall in Shenyang imperial palace is characterized with the unique national culture under its own construction background. This article is to find out the feature of the spatial construction and the deepen artistic by analyzing the Plan technique structure modelling design and eyesight design for sDatial of the two palaces.

A Model for Periodic Nonlinear Electric Field Structures in Space Plasmas

In this study,we present a physical model to explain the generation mechanism of nonlinear periodic waveswith a large amplitude electric field structures propagating obliquely and exactly parallel to the magnetic field.The'Sagdeev potential' from the MHD equations is derived and the nonlinear electric field waveforms are obtained when theMach number,direction of propagation,and the initial electric field satisfy certain plasma conditions.For the parallelpropagation,the amplitude of the electric field waves with ion-acoustic mode increases with the increase of initial electricfield and Mach number but its frequency decreases with the increase of Mach number.The amplitude and frequency ofthe electric field waves with ion-cyclotron mode decrease with the increase of Mach number and become less spiky,andits amplitude increases with the increase of initial electric field.For the oblique propagation,only periodic electric fieldwave with an ion-cyclotron mode obtained,its amplitude and frequency increase with the increase of Mach number andbecome spiky.From our model the electric field structures show periodic,spiky,and saw-tooth behaviours correspondingto different plasma conditions.