感性空间到感性实践:马克思主义空间社会学的理论起点

20世纪60年代崛起的当代空间社会学,不仅是对以往结构性研究方式的突破与超越,也应被看作马克思主义社会学学术传统的回归与发展。空间思维,不仅未曾在马克思思想中“缺场”,恰而相反地贯穿在马克思的整个思想历程中。在1839—1841年的早期作品中,马克思便提出了感性空间这一概念,可以说是马克思主义空间社会学的理论萌芽,而感性实践观的提出成为马克思主义空间社会学的理论基点。基于感性空间到感性实践的理论起点,国外马克思主义者对资本主义社会展开了不同角度的空间批判,推进了马克思主义空间社会学在新时代的理论演进。回溯与明确马克思主义空间社会学的理论起点与脉络,对接续和发展中国马克思主义社会学研究、推进以马克思主义指导的中国社会学自主知识理论体系的创新建设具有重要而深刻的理论启示。

基于眼动试验的工业机器人造型设计要素感性意象空间研究

为挖掘用户对工业机器人造型设计要素的感性需求，运用眼动追踪测量技术，通过眼动试验与数据分析进行定性和定量研究，提取出工业机器人造型设计要素关键特征与感性意象特征，构建了工业机器人造型设计要素感性意象空间。以双臂工业机器人造型设计为对象进行实例研究，结果表明：该感性意象空间可有效应用于工业机器人造型设计中．为工业设计人员开展工业机器人造型设计提供依据与参考。

渗透与拼接——当代城市情感性空间的营造

针对当代城市情感性建筑空间的逐渐缺失状况,提出"渗透与拼接"的设计思想,旨在促进城市情感性空间的回归。"渗透与拼接"的设计思想,从语汇、物质和精神三个层次,达到实用空间、知觉空间和存在空间的递进统一的平衡状态,实现情感性空间的营造,结合泉州西湖公园西大门等设计实践,对"渗透与拼接"思想在营造当代城市情感性空间中的运用进行分析。

中国最后的穴居部落——贵州中洞村的空间情感性

在中洞与洞外新建建筑之间,当地居民毅然选择前者,不关乎便捷、不关乎经济、不关乎利益,而紧紧简单的关乎情感。人们在使用空间的同时进行着情感的交流,因为空间的情感性而获得真实的喜怒哀乐,不能产生情感交流的空间是失落空间。在中洞生活多年的居民,不舍的便是中洞空间的情感性。文章试图以区位选址、聚落布局、建筑单体三级构架,结合人文历史、生活习俗等方面,就贵州格凸河风景区中洞村的空间情感性展开论述。

基于色彩设计的男衬衫感性意象空间和维度分析

研究消费者内心与情感认知的相关隐性知识可帮助产品开发,使产品更符合消费者需求。消费者对产品的最早形成且最强烈的感知来自于产品外观的色彩。本文基于G企业的委托,基于男衬衫外观的色彩设计研究男衬衫的感性意象空间和评价维度。通过对广泛搜集来的男衬衫感性意向词汇进行筛选、分群和聚类,得到4组代表性词汇"复古的――前卫的""成熟的――年轻的""低调的――张扬的""都市的――田园的"。基于男衬衫色彩设计进行感性评价实验,分析评价结果,将消费者对男衬衫的感性评价归纳为3个因子:潮流因子、个性因子、气质因子。3个因子代表了消费者对男衬衫3个不同维度的考量,对设计师和企业把握消费者感性需求,更好的进行设计具有帮助作用,同时此技术手段对其它品类服装色彩的感性研究也有一定的参考意义。

基于装配式技术的感性空间设计

从理论上简要分析了建筑工业化装配化对建筑设计的影响,探讨了制约其广泛应用的因素,并提出了一些解决问题的路径。结合福州高新区光电产业基地CD区项目,从实践技术与设计方法的关联性上总结了装配式技术应用的普遍性与可复制性,并研究了如何以装配式的设计方法塑造感性建筑空间。

理性逻辑下的感性空间——理性逻辑下体现建筑独特性与标志性的设计方法探索与实践

本文通过一个项目的实践案例,从理论和具体方法上探索了在理性主义设计的逻辑下如何体现建筑空间的独特性。

论雕塑艺术的空间问题

雕塑艺术只有在打破对称的形式 ,摆脱“正面律”的平面观念之后 ,才能产生出最具空间性的圆雕。雕塑空间不同于物理空间 ,它诉诸知觉而且常与人体姿势同时呈现 ,具有“不可入”、“不兼容”、“个体性”等感性特征。雕塑空间关系到实体和虚空、人与自然的对立统一 ,体现了“人本主义”的精神。

美学的空间与空间的美学——列斐伏尔美学思想在中国的旅程和旨归

列斐伏尔的美学思想不同时期在中国呈现出显隐交替、主题流变的历史形态和跨域转合、异位转场等空间特征,其美学理论在20世纪50年代、60年代转道苏联进入中国,经历从“进步”到“修正主义”的定位剧变,未能获得理论生长空间。新时期以来,在现代/后现代、全球化/都市化的语境交错中,列斐伏尔的异化、日常生活等理论在中国被置于西方马克思主义和审美批判的边缘视野并产生异位;其空间思想则在“空间转向”之下介入文学文化研究而发生审美转场,也被不同程度地简化和误读。列斐伏尔美学思想的当代旨归,要回到他提出的在“空间表象”与“表征性空间”两者之间作为审美空间的“第三空间”,进而以更具本源特征和普遍意义的“空间感性学”关联其思想脉络,并在中国语境中激活其阐释效力和对话潜能。

论列斐伏尔空间美学思想的辩证生成——以《空间的生产》为中心

审美的经验形态、观念方式和话语实践是列斐伏尔以《空间的生产》为中心的空间思想之内在脉络和重要底色。列斐伏尔对既有空间观念的批判包含了对社会空间中审美活动的反思,并在整体性视野中辩证考量了“空间”本身之生产的审美维度。具体而言,列斐伏尔通过活态、象征和身体性的“表征性空间”来归置审美活动,并通过对语言、符号、文本等“表象”机制的超越,在“表征性空间”与“空间表象/空间实践”的辩证关系中,阐述空间肌理、剧场空间、纪念碑性等与人的栖身体会和亲历经验密切相关的范畴,彰显出独特的“空间感性学”思想。阐明列斐伏尔这一尚未被深入挖掘的思想维度,对于检视当前流行的“空间生产”话语范式并重审其与地理批评、文学空间研究等之间的关系,具有重要的理论反思和批评实践意义。

韩国洛东江及其沿岸的文学想象力

韩国洛东江具有区分彼岸和此岸的"划界"作用,同时还具有联系两岸的"疏通"作用。之前,无论是地理学还是历史学都将洛东江作为一种界线来理解;现在我们以文学的角度进行诠释,关注洛东江的疏通作用,这也是以新的角度来理解江河,并确保其文化史上的意义。洛东江不仅具有疏通自然和人的作用,还具有疏通人与人之间关系的作用。人与人之间的疏通在地理上具体表现为韩国畿湖和岭南之间的疏通,在岭南地域内又实现了江左与江右的疏通,这种疏通在外交上又延伸到对日本的交流。洛东江之作用在其中的空间感性归纳为三点,即:浪漫感性、道学感性、社会感性。

Space-Time Correlation Based Fast Regional Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio

In this paper,a space-time correlation based fast regional spectrum sensing(RSS)scheme is proposed to reduce the time and energy consumption of traditional spatial spectrum sensing. The target region is divided into small meshes,and all meshes are clustered into highly related groups using the spatial correlation among them. In each group,some representative meshes are selected as detecting meshes(DMs)using a multi-center mesh(MCM)clustering algorithm,while other meshes(EMs)are estimated according to their correlations with DMs and the Markov modeled dependence on history by MAP principle. Thus,detecting fewer meshes saves the sensing consumption. Since two independent estimation processes may provide contradictory results,minimum entropy principle is adopted to merge the results. Tested with data acquired by radio environment mapping measurement conducted in the downtown Beijing,our scheme is capable to reduce the consumption of traditional sensing method with acceptable sensing performance.

Assessment and spatial distribution of sensitivity of soil erosion in Tibet

Based on Universal Soil Loss Equation and methods of mathematics model and GIS analysis, this study classified influence of precipitation, soil, topography and vegetation upon sensitivity of soil erosion into five different degrees which are extreme sensitivity, quite sensitivity, sensitivity, less sensitivity and no sensitivity. Assessment map of each factor was generated separately. Integrated assessment map of sensitivity of soil erosion has also been drawn by overlapping function with Arcinfo. Furthermore, the study analyzed distribution characteristics and spatial difference of sensitivity of soil erosion under special plateau environment of Tibet. According to sensitivity degree, some important controlling regions was confirmed so that departments of water conservancy, traffic management and agriculture could make scientific and reasonable decisions for their respective subject planning.

Landslide initiation and runout susceptibility modeling in the context of hill cutting and rapid urbanization: a combined approach of weights of evidence and spatial multicriteria

Rainfall induced landslides are a common threat to the communities living on dangerous hillslopes in Chittagong Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh. Extreme population pressure, indiscriminate hill cutting, increased precipitation events due to global warming and associated unplanned urbanization in the hills are exaggerating landslide events. The aim of this article is to prepare a scientifically accurate landslide susceptibility map by combining landslide initiation and runout maps. Land cover, slope, soil permeability, surface geology, precipitation, aspect, and distance to hill cut, road cut, drainage and stream network factor maps were selected by conditional independence test. The locations of 56 landslides were collected by field surveying. A weight of evidence(Wo E) method was applied to calculate the positive(presence of landslides) and negative(absence of landslides) factor weights. A combination of analytical hierarchical process(AHP) and fuzzymembership standardization(weighs from 0 to 1) was applied for performing a spatial multi-criteria evaluation. Expert opinion guided the decision rule for AHP. The Flow-R tool that allows modeling landslide runout from the initiation sources was applied. The flow direction was calculated using the modified Holmgren's algorithm. The AHP landslide initiation and runout susceptibility maps were used to prepare a combined landslide susceptibility map. The relative operating characteristic curve was used for model validation purpose. The accuracy of Wo E, AHP, and combined susceptibility map was calculated 96%, 97%, and 98%, respectively.

Spatial impact of organic matters from point sources on stream water quality

To get a better understanding of the spatial impact of organic discharges on stream water quality,a "scenario-testing" approach was proposed to examine how a change in plant treatment efficiency would affect dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration along a stream.An "upper-lower" boundary technique was applied to conduct sensitivity analysis to observe the responses of DO concentration to different DO-related parameters.The results show a non-linear discrepancy of biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) and DO concentration among different treatment scenarios,which indicates the higher the efficiency of the plant treatment,the shorter the time the stream needs to recover.The sensitivity analysis reveals that the larger the amount of the waste discharge,the more sensitive the BOD to the biological removal parameter.In addition,the DO is more sensitive to the biological removal parameter than to the reaeration parameter.

Sensitivity Studies for Monitoring Tropospheric Ozone from Space Using the Ultraviolet,Visible,and Polarization Bands

The authors analyzed the retrieval sensitivity of tropospheric ozone using simulated the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 （GOME-2） measurements. The retrieval sensitivity was evaluated by the degree of free- dom for signal （DFS）. The combination of the ultraviolet （UV）, UV polarization （UVPOL）, and visible （VIS） bands enhances DFS of tropospheric ozone and improves the vertical resolution of the retrieved ozone profile. UVPOL reduces the dependence on solar zenith angle, mainly in- creases the sensitivity in upper troposphere. Polarization increased the DFS by 20% on the eastern side of the GOME-2 orbit, with little improvement on the western side because the increase in DFS due to polarization is depend- ent on the relative azimuth angle. The inclusion of the visi- ble band reduces significantly the dependence on viewing geometry, and mainly increases the DFS in the lower tro- posphere （0-6 kin） by a factor of two. It was possible to retrieve several independent pieces of tropospheric ozone information from GOME-2 UV/UVPOL/VIS measure- ments, especially in the lower troposphere.

符号与绘画·设计

将对符号的探索讨论纳入理论研究的领域,是当今刚刚勃兴的一门科学,尽管尚未形成独立的理论体系,却是“当代哲学以及其它许多思想领域的最核心的理论之一”(英·比尔兹利《当代美学》).符号中最社会化、最丰富的系统建立在视觉和听觉的基础上,本文拟就与视觉系统相关的绘画艺术符号及设计符号特征作如下探讨.

Space luminous environment adaptability of missile-borne star sensor

To solve the problem of stray interference to star point target identification while a star sensor imaging to the sky, a study on space luminous environment adaptability of missile-borne star sensor was carried out. By Plank blackbody radiation law and some astronomic knowledge, irradiancies of the stray at the star sensor working height were estimated. By relative astrophysical and mathematics knowledge, included angles between the star sensor optical axis point and the stray at any moment were calculated. The calculation correctness was verified with the star map software of Stellarium. By combining the upper analysis with the baffle suppression effect, a real-time model for space luminous environment of missile-borne star sensor was proposed. By signal-noise rate （SNR） criterion, the adaptability of missile-borne star sensor to space luminous environment was studied. As an example, a certain type of star sensor was considered when imaging to the starry sky on June 22, 2011 （the Summer Solstice） and September 20, 2011 （August 23 of the lunar year, last quarter moon） in Beijing. The space luminous environment and the adaptability to it were simulated and analyzed at the star sensor working height. In each period of time, the stray suppression of the baffle is analyzed by comparing the calculated included angle between the star sensor optical axis point and the stray with the shielded provided by system index. When the included angle is larger than the shielded angle and less than 90~, the stray is restrained by the baffle. The stray effect on star point target identification is analyzed by comparing the irradiancy of 6 magnitude star with that of the stray on star sensor sensitization surface. When the irradiancy of 6 magnitude star is 5 times more than that of the stray, there is no effect on the star point target identification. The simulation results are identicat with the actual situation. The space luminous environment of the missile-borne star sensor can be estimated real-timely by this model. The adaptability of the star sensor to space luminous environment can be analyzed conveniently. A basis for determining the relative star sensor indexes, the navigation star chosen strategy and the missile launch window can be provided.

Engagement and Commitment Among Teachers Working in Subsidized Secondary Education in Catalonia

This paper discusses the notion of commitment--a construct used in the psychology of work--and engagement, as hypothetically opposed to the concept of burnout used in the paradigm of positive psychology. The aim of this study is to analyze engagement in a group of 132 high school teachers from various schools in the private sector and identify its relationship with the commitment variable. The results of the work of this group in three dimensions are presented in this study： vigor, dedication, and absorption; the correlation data are also presented with organizational commitment in three dimensions： affective, normative and temporal （or continuity）. With these results the aim is to find predictive evidence among teachers who score significantly in the three dimensions of engagement and the three dimensions of commitment.