采用虚拟现实技术,将Posner经典二维平面中的线索化范式应用到三维空间,通过两个实验操纵了注意沿着不同方向进行直线转移的方式,考察了注意在三维空间深度位置上进行定向/重定向而产生的晚期抑制效应(返回抑制,Inhibition of return)...采用虚拟现实技术,将Posner经典二维平面中的线索化范式应用到三维空间,通过两个实验操纵了注意沿着不同方向进行直线转移的方式,考察了注意在三维空间深度位置上进行定向/重定向而产生的晚期抑制效应(返回抑制,Inhibition of return)。结果发现:(1)无论注意沿着何种直线转移方式转移都在深度位置上发现了基于空间的返回抑制;(2)无效提示线索条件下,目标出现在三维空间近处空间时的反应显著快于目标出现在远处空间时的反应,导致了近远空间的返回抑制量存在差异。研究说明了返回抑制效应并不是"深度盲"。展开更多
A statistical multimodal background model was described for moving object detection in video surveillance. The solution to some of the problems such as illumination changes, initialization of model with moving objects...A statistical multimodal background model was described for moving object detection in video surveillance. The solution to some of the problems such as illumination changes, initialization of model with moving objects, and shadows suppression was provided. The background samples were chosen by thresholding inter-frame differences, and the Gaussian kernel density estimation was used to estimate the probability density function of background intensity. Pixel's neighbor information was considered to remove noise due to camera jitter and small motion in the scene. The hue-max-min-diff color information was used to detect and suppress moving cast shadows. The effectiveness of the proposed method in the foreground segmentation was demonstrated in the traffic surveillance application.展开更多
Von Recklinghausen＇s disease is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease associated with a wide number of neoplasms. We report a case of a 47-year-old Caucasian male affected by Von Recklinghausen＇s disease who deve...Von Recklinghausen＇s disease is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease associated with a wide number of neoplasms. We report a case of a 47-year-old Caucasian male affected by Von Recklinghausen＇s disease who developed a malignant somatostatinoma of the papilla major and minor associated with jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumour with uncertain behaviour. At laparotomy, multiple hepatic metastases were evident. Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy, jejunal resection, extensive lymphadenectomy and multiple hepatic wedge resections were performed. The patient was alive without recurrence after 24 mo. This is the fourth case reported in the world literature of a patient with Von Recklinghausen＇s disease associated with periampuUary somatostatinomas and jejunal stromal tumor. In patients with Von Recklinghausen＇s disease who complain of gastrointestinal symptoms, a high suspicion index for periampullary endocrine tumours and/or gastrointestinal stromal tumour is required. An aggressive surgical approach seems to give long term survival also in metastatic patients.展开更多
For antiviral signaling mediated by retinoic acid-inducible gene I （RiG-I）-like receptors （RLRs）, the recruitment of cytosoUc RLRs and downstream molecules （such as TBK1 and IKKε） to mitochondriaL platform is a...For antiviral signaling mediated by retinoic acid-inducible gene I （RiG-I）-like receptors （RLRs）, the recruitment of cytosoUc RLRs and downstream molecules （such as TBK1 and IKKε） to mitochondriaL platform is a central event that facilitates the establishment of host antiviral state. Here, we present an example of viral targeting for immune evasion through spatial isolation of TBK1/IKKε from mitochond riai antiviral platform, which was employed by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus （SFTSV）, a deadly bunyavirus emerging recently. We showed that SFTSV nonstructural protein NSs functions as the interferon （IFN） antagonist, mainly via suppressing TBK1/IKKε-IRF3 signaling. NSs mediates the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies （IBs）, and the blockage of IB formation impairs IFN-inhibiting activity of NSs. We next demonstrate that I Bs are utilized to compartmentalize TBK1/I KKε. The compartmentalization results in spatial isolation of the kinases from mitochondria, and deprived TBK1/IKKε may participate in antiviral complex assembly, leadingto the blockage of lFN ind uction. This study proposes a new role of viral I Bs as virus-built＇jail＇ for imprisoning cellular factors and presents a novel and likely common mechanism of viral immune evasion through spatial isolation of critical signaling molecules from the mitochondrial antiviral platform.展开更多
Diversity in the neurons and noise are inevitable in the real neuronal network.In this paper,parameter diversity induced spiral waves and multiple spatial coherence resonances in a two-dimensional neuronal network wit...Diversity in the neurons and noise are inevitable in the real neuronal network.In this paper,parameter diversity induced spiral waves and multiple spatial coherence resonances in a two-dimensional neuronal network without or with noise are simulated.The relationship between the multiple resonances and the multiple transitions between patterns of spiral waves are identified.The coherence degrees induced by the diversity are suppressed when noise is introduced and noise density is increased.The results suggest that natural nervous system might profit from both parameter diversity and noise,provided a possible approach to control formation and transition of spiral wave by the cooperation between the diversity and noise.展开更多
文摘采用虚拟现实技术,将Posner经典二维平面中的线索化范式应用到三维空间,通过两个实验操纵了注意沿着不同方向进行直线转移的方式,考察了注意在三维空间深度位置上进行定向/重定向而产生的晚期抑制效应(返回抑制,Inhibition of return)。结果发现:(1)无论注意沿着何种直线转移方式转移都在深度位置上发现了基于空间的返回抑制;(2)无效提示线索条件下,目标出现在三维空间近处空间时的反应显著快于目标出现在远处空间时的反应,导致了近远空间的返回抑制量存在差异。研究说明了返回抑制效应并不是"深度盲"。
文摘A statistical multimodal background model was described for moving object detection in video surveillance. The solution to some of the problems such as illumination changes, initialization of model with moving objects, and shadows suppression was provided. The background samples were chosen by thresholding inter-frame differences, and the Gaussian kernel density estimation was used to estimate the probability density function of background intensity. Pixel's neighbor information was considered to remove noise due to camera jitter and small motion in the scene. The hue-max-min-diff color information was used to detect and suppress moving cast shadows. The effectiveness of the proposed method in the foreground segmentation was demonstrated in the traffic surveillance application.
基金Supported by Fondazione Cariverona 2005, Verona (Italy) Ministero della Salute, Regione Marche e Ministero dell’Università No. PRIN 2005069205
文摘Von Recklinghausen＇s disease is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease associated with a wide number of neoplasms. We report a case of a 47-year-old Caucasian male affected by Von Recklinghausen＇s disease who developed a malignant somatostatinoma of the papilla major and minor associated with jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumour with uncertain behaviour. At laparotomy, multiple hepatic metastases were evident. Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy, jejunal resection, extensive lymphadenectomy and multiple hepatic wedge resections were performed. The patient was alive without recurrence after 24 mo. This is the fourth case reported in the world literature of a patient with Von Recklinghausen＇s disease associated with periampuUary somatostatinomas and jejunal stromal tumor. In patients with Von Recklinghausen＇s disease who complain of gastrointestinal symptoms, a high suspicion index for periampullary endocrine tumours and/or gastrointestinal stromal tumour is required. An aggressive surgical approach seems to give long term survival also in metastatic patients.
基金Acknowtedgements We thank Dr Hong-Bing Shu （Wuhan University, China） for supplying reporter and expression plasmids. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China （grant numbers 31125003 and 31321001）, the Science and Technology Basic Work Program （grant number 2013FY113500）, and the National Basic Research Program （973 Program） of China （grant numbers 2010CB530100 and 2013CB911101）.
文摘For antiviral signaling mediated by retinoic acid-inducible gene I （RiG-I）-like receptors （RLRs）, the recruitment of cytosoUc RLRs and downstream molecules （such as TBK1 and IKKε） to mitochondriaL platform is a central event that facilitates the establishment of host antiviral state. Here, we present an example of viral targeting for immune evasion through spatial isolation of TBK1/IKKε from mitochond riai antiviral platform, which was employed by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus （SFTSV）, a deadly bunyavirus emerging recently. We showed that SFTSV nonstructural protein NSs functions as the interferon （IFN） antagonist, mainly via suppressing TBK1/IKKε-IRF3 signaling. NSs mediates the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies （IBs）, and the blockage of IB formation impairs IFN-inhibiting activity of NSs. We next demonstrate that I Bs are utilized to compartmentalize TBK1/I KKε. The compartmentalization results in spatial isolation of the kinases from mitochondria, and deprived TBK1/IKKε may participate in antiviral complex assembly, leadingto the blockage of lFN ind uction. This study proposes a new role of viral I Bs as virus-built＇jail＇ for imprisoning cellular factors and presents a novel and likely common mechanism of viral immune evasion through spatial isolation of critical signaling molecules from the mitochondrial antiviral platform.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11072135 and 10772101the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.GK200902025
文摘Diversity in the neurons and noise are inevitable in the real neuronal network.In this paper,parameter diversity induced spiral waves and multiple spatial coherence resonances in a two-dimensional neuronal network without or with noise are simulated.The relationship between the multiple resonances and the multiple transitions between patterns of spiral waves are identified.The coherence degrees induced by the diversity are suppressed when noise is introduced and noise density is increased.The results suggest that natural nervous system might profit from both parameter diversity and noise,provided a possible approach to control formation and transition of spiral wave by the cooperation between the diversity and noise.
