重庆璧山度假酒店空间物境推演

中国美术家协会指导的全国高等美术院校建筑与设计专业教学年会在2015年首次提出《空间物境:诗学的精神及其建构》。诗词人文作为引言,在艺术设计中很有意义。如《人间词话》中理解、物理、情理、心理的推演——以物抒情;物境、情境、意境的演变——空间环境。以诗词入境,值得读。本文通过立题形式、研究思路、研究方法,协调空间物境的相互关系,对现实进行判断与继承,对地方进行观察与把握。

物境的空间和形式现象讨论

当代建筑学如何从事物"之间"的存在解读,重新奠定其空间意识的观念基础,如何从事物现象的空间境遇中辨析出一种意义的总体性,如何从空间的事物关系里面获取一种超越性的"位格"内涵,显然是后现代文化以来空间意识某种极为重要的转变。本文把这种新兴的观念命名为物境空间,讨论了随着物的显现,到意义的发生,到境遇的构成,再到"境——象"的在场和格式塔形式现象的内在关联。试图厘清潜藏在空间现象背后的事物存在与生存现实的境遇性关系。

Heading toward Artificial Intelligence 2.0

With the popularization of the Intemet, permeation of sensor networks, emergence of big data, increase in size of the information community, and interlinking and fusion of data and information throughout human society, physical space, and cyberspace, the information environment related to the current development of artificial intelligence （AI） has profoundly changed. AI faces important adjustments, and scientific foundations are confronted with new breakthroughs, as AI enters a new stage： AI 2.0. This paper briefly reviews the 60-year developmental history of AI, analyzes the external environment promoting the formation of AI 2.0 along with changes in goals, and describes both the beginning of the technology and the core idea behind AI 2.0 development. Furthermore, based on combined social demands and the information environment that exists in relation to Chinese development, suggestions on the develoDment of Al 2.0 are given.

Spatial distribution and environmental characterization of sediment-associated metals from middle-downstream of Xiangjiang River,southern China

The contamination and environmental risk assessment of the toxic elements in sediments from the middle-downstream (Zhuzhou-Changsha section) of the Xiangjiang River in Hunan Province of China were studied. The results show that As, Cd, Pb and Zn are major contaminants in sediments, and average concentrations of these elements significantly exceed both the Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludge of China (GB4284-84) for agricultural use in acidic soils and the effect range median (ERM) values. The average concentrations of As, Cd and Pb in the river water slightly exceed the limit of Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838-2002). The concentrations of As and Cr in depth profiles extensively change, but slight changes are observed in Pb and Zn. Cd and Zn in most sediment samples can easily enter the food-chain and bring possible ecotoxicological risk to organisms living in sediments according to the risk assessment code.

Shrub Communities and Environmental Variables Responsible for Species Distribution Patterns in an Alpine Zone of the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China

Understanding the factors that drive variation in species distribution is a central theme of ecological research. Although several studies focused on alpine vegetation, few efforts have been made to identify the environmental factors that are responsible for the variations in species composition and richness of alpine shrublands using numerical methods. In the present study, we investigated vegetation and associated environmental variables from 45 sample plots in the middle Qilian Mountains of the northwestern China to classify different community types and to elucidate the species- environment relationships. We also estimated the relative contributions of topography and site conditions to spatial distribution patterns of the shrub communities using the variation partitioning. The results showed that four shrub community types were identified and striking differences in fioristic composition were found among them. Species composition greatly depended on elevation, slope, shrub cover, soil pH and organic carbon. The important determinants of species richness were soil bulk density and slope. No significant differences in species richness were detected among the community types. Topography and site conditions had almost equal effects on compositional variation. Nonetheless,a large amount of the variation in species composition remained unexplained.

Partitioning the effects of environmental and spatial heterogeneity on distribution of plant diversity in the Yellow River Estuary

For successful conservation and restoration of biodiversity,it is important to understand how diversity is regulated.In the ecological research community,a current topic of interest is how much of the variation in plant species richness and composition is explained by environmental variation(niche-based model),relative to spatial processes(neutral theory).The Yellow River Estuary(YRE) is a newly formed and fragile wetland ecosystem influenced by both the Yellow River and Bohai Bay.Here,we applied variance partitioning techniques to assess the relative effects of spatial and environmental variables on species richness and composition in the YRE.We also conducted a species indicator analysis to identify characteristic species for three subestuaries within the YRE.Partial redundancy analysis showed that the variations in species richness and composition were explained by both environmental and spatial factors.The majority of explained variation in species richness and composition was attributable to local environmental factors.Among the environmental variables,soil salinity made the greatest contribution to species abundance and composition.Soil salinity was the most important factor in the Diaokou subestuary,while soil moisture was the most important factor influencing species richness in the Qingshui and Chahe subestuaries.The combined effects of soil salinity and moisture determined species richness and composition in the wetlands.These results increase our understanding of the organization and assembly of estuarine plant communities.