电影《乞力马扎罗的雪》的空间自传叙事

《乞力马扎罗的雪》是海明威最为经典的意识流短篇之一,其写作技巧和主题思想堪称一绝。小说在1952年改编成电影后就一度受到关注,尤其是影片独特的叙事视角至今仍值得探讨。文章借用"空间自传"这一概念来分析影片中频现的镜头回放和时空倒转叙事手法,探索因地理、时间、空间等场域变化给自传主带来虚幻时空之旅的心理满足,从而揭示出空间自传叙事与人物个性发展之间的内在密切联系。

后现代视野下的空间自传叙事与自传叙事空间

勒热纳的"自传空间"和杜克的"空间自传"长期被评论界忽视。本文从这两个概念出发,指出两者虽使用不同表述,但阐述的只是自传空间性的两个方面。在对两个概念进行批判性理解的基础上,本文利用叙事学理论,从叙事类型和叙事策略两个角度构建空间自传叙事和自传叙事空间这两个术语。一方面通过展开前一个概念向批评界析出后现代空间自传叙事的一本众干—旅游自传、地理自传、生态自传、漫游自传、离散自传等,凸显地理、空间或场域变化与自传主自我个性成长和发展之间的内在关系、模式和意义;另一方面通过引出后一个概念,突出自传的空间实践性,阐明自传叙事的空间性构建策略,最后利用构建的理论框架分析离散自传这一最为显著的后现代空间叙事形式,为读者和评论界提供一个利用本文创设的理论框架分析某一具体自传文类,甚至具体文本的范式。

Design of a multi-channel free space optical interconnection component

A multi-channel free space optical interconnection component, fiber optic rotary joint, was designed using a Dove prism. When the Dove prism is rotated an angle of at around the longitudinal axis, the image rotates an angle of 2 at. The optical interconnection component consists of the signal transmission system, Dove prim and driving mechanism. The planetary gears are used to achieve the speed ratio of 2：l between the total optical interconnection component and the Dove prism. The Clenses are employed to couple different optical signals in the signal transmission system. The coupling loss between the receiving fiber of stationary part and the transmitting fiber of rotary part is measured.

Heat Transfer Behavior in a Square Duct with Tandem Wire Coil Element Insert

Effects of insertion of tandem wire coil elements used as turbulator on heat transfer and turbulent flow friction characteristics in a uniform heat-flux square duct are experimentally investigated in this work. The experiment is conducted for turbulent flow with the Reynolds number from 4000 to 25000. The wire coil element is inserted into the duct with a view to generating a swirl flow that assists to wash up the flow trapped in the duct corners and then increase the heat transfer rate of the test duct. Apart from the full-length coil, 1D and 2D length coil elements placed in tandem inside the duct with various free-space lengths are introduced to reduce the friction loss. The results obtained from these wire coil element inserts are also compared with those from the smooth duct. The experimental results reveal that the use of wire coil inserts for the full-length coil, 1D and 2D coil elements with a short free-space length leads to a considerable increase in heat transfer and friction loss over the smooth duct with no insert. The full-length wire coil provides higher heat transfer and friction factor than the tandem wire coil elements under the same operating conditions. Also, performance evaluation criteria to assess the real benefits in using the wire coil insert into the square duct are determined.

Characterizing Landscape Spatial Heterogeneity in Multisensor Images with Variogram Models

Most evaluation of the consistency of multisensor images have focused on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） products for natural landscapes, often neglecting less vegetated urban landscapes. This gap has been filled through quantifying and evaluating spatial heterogeneity of urban and natural landscapes from QuickBird, Satellite pour l＇observation de la Terre （SPOT）, Ad- vanced Spacebome Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer （ASTER） and Landsat Thematic Mapper （TM） images with variogram analysis. Instead of a logarithmic relationship with pixel size observed in the corresponding aggregated images, the spatial variability decayed and the spatial structures decomposed more slowly and complexly with spatial resolution for real multisensor im- ages. As the spatial resolution increased, the proportion of spatial variability of the smaller spatial structure decreased quickly and only a larger spatial structure was observed at very coarse scales. Compared with visible band, greater spatial variability was observed in near infrared band for both densely and less densely vegetated landscapes. The influence of image size on spatial heterogeneity was highly dependent on whether the empirical sernivariogram reached its sill within the original image size. When the empirical semivariogram did not reach its sill at the original observation scale, spatial variability and mean characteristic length scale would increase with image size; otherwise they might decrease. This study could provide new insights into the knowledge of spatial heterogeneity in real multisen- sor images with consideration of their nominal spatial resolution, image size and spectral bands.

Quantum State Transfer in Engineered Spin Chain under Influence of Spatially Distributed Environment

It has been shown that a quantum state could be perfectly transferred via a spin chain with engineered'always-on interaction'.In this paper,we study a more realistic problem for such a quantum state transfer (QST)protocol,how the efficacy of QST is reduced by the quantum decoherence induced by a spatially distributed environment.Here,the environment is universally modeled as a bath of fermions located in different positions.By making use of theirreducible tensor method in angular momentum theory,we investigate the effect of environment on the efficiency of QSTfor both cases at zero and finite temperatures.We not only show the generic exponential decay of QST efficiency as thenumber of sites increase,but also find some counterintuitive effect,the QST can be enhanced as temperature increasesin some cases.

A New Approach to Improve the Reliability of DPDC SCADA Communication Systems

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition （SCADA） is used broadly to portray control and management solutions in a wide range of industries. SCADA system failure may lead to disastrous consequences since the health and the safety of the public as the economic viability of the community it serves depends on it. After its introduction in DPDC over a decade ago, the SCADA system hardly had any performance upgradation. Currently, the microwave link in SCADA Communication is observing problems that are rendering the entire structure obsolete. This paper revises the possibility to implement a new communication technology and proposes Free Space Optical （FSO） communication to enhance SCADA system reliability. FSO refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared （IR） beams through the air to obtain optical communication. Like optical fiber, FSO also uses lasers to transmit data, but instead of enclosing the data stream in a glass fiber, the data is transmitted through the air. It is a secure, cost-effective alternative to other wireless connectivity options.

Computer Based Modeling of Vegetation Propagation across a Disturbed Space Linked to GIS

The paper is focused on computer simulation of natural vegetation propagation across two selected disturbed sites. Two sites located in the different environments, the abandoned sedimentation basin of a former pyrite ore mine and the ash deposits of a power station, were selected to illustrate the proposed spatio-temporal model. Aerial images assisted in identifying and monitoring the progress in the propagation of vegetation. Analysis of the aerial images was based on varying vegetation coverage explored by classification algorithms. A new approach is proposed entailing coupling of a local dynamic model and a spatial model for vegetation propagation. The local dynamic model describes vegetation growth using a logistic growth approach based on delayed variables. Vegetation propagation is described by rules related to seed and its dispersal phenomena on a local scale and on the scale of outlying spreading. The disturbed sites are divided into a grid of microsites. Each microsite is represented by a 5 m x 5 m square. A state variable in each microsite indicates the relative vegetation density on a scale from 0 （no vegetation） to 1 （long-term maximum of vegetation density）. Growth, local vegetation propagation and the effects of outlying vegetation propagation in each cell are described by an ordinary differential equation with delayed state variables. The grid of cells forms a set of ordinary differential equations. The abandoned sedimentation basin and the ash deposits are represented by grids of 185 x 345 and 212 x 266 cells, respectively. A few case-oriented studies are provided to show various predictions of vegetation propagation across two selected disturbed sites. The first case study simulates vegetation growing without spatial propagations and delayed variables in the spatio-temporal model. The second and the third case studies extend the previous study by including local and outlying vegetation propagation, respectively. The fourth case study explores delayed impacts in the logistic growth term and the delayed outcome by vegetation propagation across the disturbed space. The performed case-oriented studies confirm the applicability of the proposed spatio-temporal model to predict vegetation propagation in short-term successions and to estimate approximate vegetation changes in long-term development. As a result, it can be concluded that remotely sensed data are a valuable source of information for estimates of model parameters and provide an effective method for monitoring the progress of vegetation propagation across the selected sites, spaces disturbed by human activities.

自传:一种法式热情

本文阐释了菲利普·勒热讷的'自传契约'概念提出之后在法国研究界引发的相关争论,梳理了这些论战的发展脉络。由此质疑各种概念的提出都有其局限性,而勒热讷在他的自传研究展开之初提出的'自传空间'实际具备了多重的包容性。