针对ITS(intelligent transport system)智能车辆复杂的非线性结构和时变特性,提出了以空间代替时间建立IV(intelligent vehicle)横向运动模式空间的思想.通过改变车辆的各种参数,针对车体的数学模型采集车体在各种环境条件下的模拟运...针对ITS(intelligent transport system)智能车辆复杂的非线性结构和时变特性,提出了以空间代替时间建立IV(intelligent vehicle)横向运动模式空间的思想.通过改变车辆的各种参数,针对车体的数学模型采集车体在各种环境条件下的模拟运动控制信息.以模糊C均值算法(FCM)为基础,推导出车辆运动模式空间的构造算法.该构造算法能够客观地对测量数据进行有效聚类,聚类清晰,模式子空间划分清楚,从而为车辆运动模式空间的构造提供了一种理论依据.最后对样本数据的聚类和模式空间的构造算法进行了仿真,结果证明了算法的有效性和可行性.展开更多
The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported in the literature for ion-exchange and metal-affinity interaction adsorption equilibrium of biomacromolecules. In this paper, the usefulness of SMA model is ...The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported in the literature for ion-exchange and metal-affinity interaction adsorption equilibrium of biomacromolecules. In this paper, the usefulness of SMA model is analyzed for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium onto cation exchangers, CM Sephadex C-25 and Streamline SP. Batch adsorption experiments with ephedrine hydrochloride as a model adsorbate are carried out to determine the model parameters, that is, steric factor, characteristic charge and equilibrium constant. The result shows that the SMA model parameters of micromolecule cannot be obtained using the nonlinear least-square fitting method as protein's due to the remarkable difference between the molecular mass and dimension of micromolecule and protein. It is considered that the small size of the adsorbates dealt with in this study justifies the neglect of steric hindrances arising from adsorbate bulkiness. Thus, the three-parameter SMA model is reduced to two-parameter one (i.e., steric factor is equal to zero) for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium. It is found that the equilibrium constant for CM Sephadex C-25 increases with increasing ionic strength, while the equilibrium constant for Streamline SP shows an opposite trend. This is probably due to the remarkable difference between the physicalpro perties of the two adsorbents. Then, the relationship between the equilibrium constant and ionic strength is described by an expression. The computer simulations show that, the theoretical model with the correlation is promising in the prediction of micromolecule adsorption decrease with increasing ionic strength in a wide range of salt concentration.展开更多
文摘针对ITS(intelligent transport system)智能车辆复杂的非线性结构和时变特性,提出了以空间代替时间建立IV(intelligent vehicle)横向运动模式空间的思想.通过改变车辆的各种参数,针对车体的数学模型采集车体在各种环境条件下的模拟运动控制信息.以模糊C均值算法(FCM)为基础,推导出车辆运动模式空间的构造算法.该构造算法能够客观地对测量数据进行有效聚类,聚类清晰,模式子空间划分清楚,从而为车辆运动模式空间的构造提供了一种理论依据.最后对样本数据的聚类和模式空间的构造算法进行了仿真,结果证明了算法的有效性和可行性.
文摘The steric mass-action (SMA) model has been widely reported in the literature for ion-exchange and metal-affinity interaction adsorption equilibrium of biomacromolecules. In this paper, the usefulness of SMA model is analyzed for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium onto cation exchangers, CM Sephadex C-25 and Streamline SP. Batch adsorption experiments with ephedrine hydrochloride as a model adsorbate are carried out to determine the model parameters, that is, steric factor, characteristic charge and equilibrium constant. The result shows that the SMA model parameters of micromolecule cannot be obtained using the nonlinear least-square fitting method as protein's due to the remarkable difference between the molecular mass and dimension of micromolecule and protein. It is considered that the small size of the adsorbates dealt with in this study justifies the neglect of steric hindrances arising from adsorbate bulkiness. Thus, the three-parameter SMA model is reduced to two-parameter one (i.e., steric factor is equal to zero) for describing micromolecule ion-exchange equilibrium. It is found that the equilibrium constant for CM Sephadex C-25 increases with increasing ionic strength, while the equilibrium constant for Streamline SP shows an opposite trend. This is probably due to the remarkable difference between the physicalpro perties of the two adsorbents. Then, the relationship between the equilibrium constant and ionic strength is described by an expression. The computer simulations show that, the theoretical model with the correlation is promising in the prediction of micromolecule adsorption decrease with increasing ionic strength in a wide range of salt concentration.
