我国科教支出与经济增长关系的实证分析

采用1953年到2003年的时序数据对我国科教支出和经济增长的关系进行实证分析后发现:我国对教育和科研的财政支出和GDP变化有着长期均衡关系,并且教育支出在长期中受经济增长的影响较大,科研支出却在短期中受经济增长的影响较大;而科研支出在长期中对经济增长的贡献却比教育支出更为显著。

A new fusion approach based on distance of evidences

Based on the framework of evidence theory, data fusion aims at obtaining a single Basic Probability Assignment (BPA) function by combining several belief functions from distinct information sources. Dempster’s rule of combination is the most popular rule of combinations, but it is a poor solution for the management of the conflict between various information sources at the normalization step. Even when it faces high conflict information, the classical Dempster-Shafer’s (D-S) evidence theory can involve counter-intuitive results. This paper presents a modified averaging method to combine conflicting evidence based on the distance of evidences; and also gives the weighted average of the evidence in the system. Numerical examples showed that the proposed method can realize the modification ideas and also will provide reasonable results with good convergence efficiency.

Analysis of the dialectical relation between top coal caving and coal-gas outbtu rst

According to the different engineering mechanical states of top coal caving andnormal stoping of gaseous loose thick coal seams,the dialectical relation between thiscaving method and dynamic disasters was analyzed by simulating the change of stressstates in the process of top coal initial caving with different mining and caving ratios basedon the ANSYS10.0.The variation of elastic energy and methane expansion energy duringfirst top coal caving was analyzed by first weighting and periodic weighting and combiningwith coal stress and deformation distribution of top coal normal stoping as well as positiveand negative examples in top coal caving of outburst coal seam.The research shows thatthe outburst risk increases along with the increase of the caving ratio in the initial miningstage.In the period of normal stoping,when the mining and caving ratio is smaller than1:3 and hard and massive overlying strata do not exist (periodic weighting is not obvious),it is beneficial to control ground stress leading type outburst.Thus,it is unreasonable toprohibit top coal caving in dangerous and outburst prone areas.

A New Approach to Evidence Combination and Its Application to Targets Recognition in Image Sequence

The classical Dempster's combination rule is the most popular rule of combinations,but it is a poor solution for the management of the evidence conflict at the normalization step.When deal with high conflict information it can even involve counter-intuitive results.Based on evidence distance,some inherent characters of evidences are extracted,and discount method to combine conflicting evidence was proposed.The discount method can be also used to fuse image sequences to recognize targets.Examples show that the proposed method can provide reasonable results with good convergence efficiency.

Forms of Georgian Traditional Pilgrimage and Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia of Today

The purpose of our paper is to show, on the example of Tbilisi, how places become sacred and the sights of pilgrimage; what are the modern and traditional forms of pilgrimage in Georgia. The study showed that the graves of the prominent people for their pure life and miraculous deeds, who lived during the Soviet and post-Soviet periods until now are the places of veneration. These people before official canonization became saints for people and as I call them, they became “folk Saints”, as the forms of their veneration are the same as canonized ones. After post-Soviet revival of religiousness in the late 1970es, one form of pilgrimage became especially popular in the Orthodox Church of Georgia. On the memorial days of Saints or just after Sunday liturgy priest and congregation visit graves of these Saints or prominent churches dedicated to them, where they pray and have small services. The study showed that this form was not traditional Georgian form of pilgrimage, but Russian one. I also argue that there might have been five forms of traditional pilgrimage in Georgia. The study was based on historical sources, published scientific works and the personal field ethnographic materials.

Audit Quality, Timely Disclosure, and the Cost of Debt： Tunisian Evidence

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of auditor type and eamings reporting lag on the cost of debt for the Tunisian setting. Our sample consists of 32 Tunisian companies for the period of 2003-2012. Audit quality is measured by auditor size （Big 4 versus non-Big 4） and timely disclosure is proxied by earnings reporting lag. Results show that auditor type is negatively associated with the cost of debt. By contrast, the association between earnings announcement lag and the cost of debt is positive and significant. When testing for the moderating effects of industry and listing status, we document that these associations are more pronounced for industrial companies and listed firms. Finally, the period of investigation slightly moderates the examined associations, since financial institutions become more sensitive to the tardy communication of information and less concerned with auditor type following some economic and political troubles in Tunisia between 2010 and 2012. Our findings have policy implications for managers in the Tunisian setting and other developing economies similar to Tunisia given the crucial role played by debt as an important source of external finance for companies.

International Financial Market＇s Integration and Modelling Returns of Risky Assets

The aim of this paper is to test the ability of conditional and unconditional capital asset pricing models （CAPMs） and to explain emerging markets returns in terms of their integration into the international market. The authors use data on five developed countries and five emerging countries as well as data on the Tunis Stock Exchange （TSE） after the reforms. The results show that the correlations between emerging markets returns and developed markets returns are very low and sometimes negative. Conditional arbitrage pricing theory （APT） as well as conditional CAPM has low predictive power for emerging markets than that for developed markets. Finally, following the financial reforms, Tunisian financial markets have became more and more integrated into the international market （excess returns and unconditional beta consistent with predictions）. However, conditional APT does not accurately explain Tunisian market returns. This study confirms the unavailability of an accurate modelling technique of the TSE structure.