Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestiris Linnaeus var. mongolica Litvinov) as a valuable conifer tree species has been broadly introduced to the sandy land areas in 揟hree North?regions (North, northwest and northeast of Chi...Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestiris Linnaeus var. mongolica Litvinov) as a valuable conifer tree species has been broadly introduced to the sandy land areas in 揟hree North?regions (North, northwest and northeast of China), but many problems occurred in the earliest Mongolian pine plantations in Zhanggutai, Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province (ZZL). In order to clarify the reason, comprehensive investigations were carried out on differences in structure characteristics, growth processes and ecological factors between artificial stands (the first plantation established in ZZL in 1950s) and natural stands (the origin forests of the tree species in Honghuaerji, Inner Mongolia) on sandy land. The results showed that variation of diameter-class distributions in artificial stands and natural stands could be described by Weibull and Normal distribution models, respectively. Chapman-Richards growth model was employed to reconstruct the growth process of Mongolian pine based on the data from field investigation and stem analysis. The ages of maximum of relative growth rate and average growth rate of DBH, height, and volume of planted trees were 11, 22 years, 8, 15 years and 35, 59 years earlier than those of natural stand trees, respectively. In respect of the incremental acceleration of volume, the artificial and natural stands reached their maximum values at 14 years and 33 years respectively. The quantitative maturity ages of artificial stands and natural stands were 43 years and 102 years respectively. It was concluded that the life span of the Mongolian pine trees in natural stands was about 60 years longer than those in artificial stands. The differences mentioned above between artificial and natural Mongolian pine forests on sandy land were partially attributed to the drastic variations of ecological conditions such as latitude, temperature, precipitation, evaporation and height above sea level. Human beings' disturbances and higher density in plantation forest may be ascribed as additional reasons. Those results may be potentially useful for the management and afforestation of Mongolian pine plantations on sandy land in arid and semi-arid areas.展开更多
Exploration and practice were made to the mechanism, methods, func- tions, characteristics and application effects of the chemical modification of lignin in papermaking waste liquor used as base planting material addi...Exploration and practice were made to the mechanism, methods, func- tions, characteristics and application effects of the chemical modification of lignin in papermaking waste liquor used as base planting material additive to the vegetation construction in difficult slope-site. The results showed that after chemical modifica- tion, the base planting material additive had a lot of functions and good perfor- mance, which could effectively improve the water retention, fertilizer maintenance and nutrient-supply capacity of the plant matrix, as well as the stress resistances of plants, and it was especially suitable for the vegetation construction in the high and steep rock slopes where hydrothermal conditions were especially harsh and the construction and maintenance were very inconvenient to carry out. It provided new ideas and supporting technical to solving industry common problems, such as easy sliding of base planting material, easy degradation of vegetation, and provided a new approach for resource utilization of papermakina wastewater.展开更多
基金The research was supported by innovation research project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX3-SW-418) and by Nature Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (20021006).
文摘Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestiris Linnaeus var. mongolica Litvinov) as a valuable conifer tree species has been broadly introduced to the sandy land areas in 揟hree North?regions (North, northwest and northeast of China), but many problems occurred in the earliest Mongolian pine plantations in Zhanggutai, Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province (ZZL). In order to clarify the reason, comprehensive investigations were carried out on differences in structure characteristics, growth processes and ecological factors between artificial stands (the first plantation established in ZZL in 1950s) and natural stands (the origin forests of the tree species in Honghuaerji, Inner Mongolia) on sandy land. The results showed that variation of diameter-class distributions in artificial stands and natural stands could be described by Weibull and Normal distribution models, respectively. Chapman-Richards growth model was employed to reconstruct the growth process of Mongolian pine based on the data from field investigation and stem analysis. The ages of maximum of relative growth rate and average growth rate of DBH, height, and volume of planted trees were 11, 22 years, 8, 15 years and 35, 59 years earlier than those of natural stand trees, respectively. In respect of the incremental acceleration of volume, the artificial and natural stands reached their maximum values at 14 years and 33 years respectively. The quantitative maturity ages of artificial stands and natural stands were 43 years and 102 years respectively. It was concluded that the life span of the Mongolian pine trees in natural stands was about 60 years longer than those in artificial stands. The differences mentioned above between artificial and natural Mongolian pine forests on sandy land were partially attributed to the drastic variations of ecological conditions such as latitude, temperature, precipitation, evaporation and height above sea level. Human beings' disturbances and higher density in plantation forest may be ascribed as additional reasons. Those results may be potentially useful for the management and afforestation of Mongolian pine plantations on sandy land in arid and semi-arid areas.
基金Supported by the Key Project in China Spark Program(2010GA781004)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen City(GCZX2015051514435234,CXZZ20150527171538718,CXZZ20140422142833835)~~
文摘Exploration and practice were made to the mechanism, methods, func- tions, characteristics and application effects of the chemical modification of lignin in papermaking waste liquor used as base planting material additive to the vegetation construction in difficult slope-site. The results showed that after chemical modifica- tion, the base planting material additive had a lot of functions and good perfor- mance, which could effectively improve the water retention, fertilizer maintenance and nutrient-supply capacity of the plant matrix, as well as the stress resistances of plants, and it was especially suitable for the vegetation construction in the high and steep rock slopes where hydrothermal conditions were especially harsh and the construction and maintenance were very inconvenient to carry out. It provided new ideas and supporting technical to solving industry common problems, such as easy sliding of base planting material, easy degradation of vegetation, and provided a new approach for resource utilization of papermakina wastewater.
