道德与法治中考命题的初心:为题赋能 以考立生

道德与法治中考不仅要实施检测,参与选拔,而且应充分发挥导教促学的功能。命题人员应有更高的视野和境界,通过试题育人“立生”,促进学生更好发展。2023年湖南省常德市中考道德与法治试题,从立意、内容、方式、任务、功能等五个方面赋予试题更大的意义,以凸显试题育人的价值追求。

肿瘤化疗患者注射立生素出现疼痛的观察与护理

采用自行设计调查问卷及视觉模拟疼痛评分法对30例应用立生素患者进行观察。调查结果显示，患者注射立生素24～48h后出现疼痛，疼痛为复合痛，疼痛性质为钝痛并具有放射性和阵发性；疼痛程度不等，待疗程完毕后疼痛自行消失。注射立生素前给予疼痛教育；出现疼痛时，根据疼痛部位与程度不同给予相应护理、心理疏导和生活护理，可减轻患者的痛苦。

立生素与含漱液联合治疗放射性口腔黏膜反应效果观察

目的探讨立生素与含漱液联合治疗放射性口腔黏膜反应的效果。方法将44例头颈部肿瘤放疗患者随机分为观察组(23例)和对照组(21例)。对照组用含漱液漱口。观察组在此基础上加用立生素混合液外搽口腔黏膜溃疡处。结果观察组总有效率显著高于对照组,两组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论立生素与含漱液联合应用治疗放射性口腔黏膜反应效果显著。

热毒宁注射液联合立生素治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染、粒细胞减少症的疗效分析

目的：观察热毒宁注射液联合立生素针治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染、中性粒细胞减少症的疗效。方法：将80例急性上呼吸道感染、中性粒细胞减少症患儿进行随机分组。治疗组给予热毒宁注射液治疗同时肌注立生素针，对照组给予热毒宁注射液治疗。结果：热毒宁注射液联合立生素针在治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染、中性粒细胞减少症时，其退热及上呼吸道感染消失情况，均优于对照组。结论：热毒宁注射液联合立生素针治疗小儿急性上呼吸道感染、中性粒细胞减少症患儿时效果好，临床症状消失快，是一种有效、安全的治疗方法。

立德树人 立师立生

从古至今，“立人”思想源远流长，“立人”一直是教育的主要内容。孔子讲“人者，仁也。”老子说：“人无信不立”，朱熹提出“学者大要立志”；宋代大理学家程颐也讲“人无忠信，不可立于世。”，近代伟大的思想家鲁迅指出：“角逐列国是务，其首在立人，人立而后凡事举。”而在兰炼一校，我们赋予了“立人”新的内涵，“立人”文化亦产生了一种强大的感召力，以一种力量赢得了全校老师的追随，一起追随教育的理想和理想的教育!“立人先立师”，学校要发展，就是要有好老师。

Lecturers’Efforts in Building Rapport in the English-Medium Instruction(EMI)Context:Focus on the Use of Communication Strategies

Past studies reveal the prevalence of anxiety,coupled with low motivation and disengagement among students in English-medium instruction(EMI)programs.Given the detrimental impact these negative emotions can have on learning outcomes,it is imperative that teachers establish positive emotional rapport with their students.This study explores how experienced and highly rated EMI lecturers at a Chinese university’s overseas campus use communication strategies to build rapport with their students during interactive academic activities.It identifies the strategies used by these lecturers and examines how the strategies facilitate the teaching-learning process.The data,consisting of 10 hours of tutorials and 10 hours of supervisor-student supervision meetings,is analyzed using an adapted Conversation Analysis(CA)approach.The analysis reveals three types of communication strategies(CSs)frequently used by lecturers:back-channeling,codeswitching,and co-creation of messages.By employing these strategies,the lecturers established a strong rapport with the students,which created an encouraging and supportive learning environment.Consequently,this positive atmosphere facilitated students’learning of content knowledge through English.The findings of this study have implications for the training of lecturers who encounter difficulties in establishing rapport with multilingual students in the EMI setting.

Comparison of stand structure and growth between artificial and natural forests of Pinus sylvestiris var. mongolica on sandy land

Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestiris Linnaeus var. mongolica Litvinov) as a valuable conifer tree species has been broadly introduced to the sandy land areas in 揟hree North?regions (North, northwest and northeast of China), but many problems occurred in the earliest Mongolian pine plantations in Zhanggutai, Zhangwu County, Liaoning Province (ZZL). In order to clarify the reason, comprehensive investigations were carried out on differences in structure characteristics, growth processes and ecological factors between artificial stands (the first plantation established in ZZL in 1950s) and natural stands (the origin forests of the tree species in Honghuaerji, Inner Mongolia) on sandy land. The results showed that variation of diameter-class distributions in artificial stands and natural stands could be described by Weibull and Normal distribution models, respectively. Chapman-Richards growth model was employed to reconstruct the growth process of Mongolian pine based on the data from field investigation and stem analysis. The ages of maximum of relative growth rate and average growth rate of DBH, height, and volume of planted trees were 11, 22 years, 8, 15 years and 35, 59 years earlier than those of natural stand trees, respectively. In respect of the incremental acceleration of volume, the artificial and natural stands reached their maximum values at 14 years and 33 years respectively. The quantitative maturity ages of artificial stands and natural stands were 43 years and 102 years respectively. It was concluded that the life span of the Mongolian pine trees in natural stands was about 60 years longer than those in artificial stands. The differences mentioned above between artificial and natural Mongolian pine forests on sandy land were partially attributed to the drastic variations of ecological conditions such as latitude, temperature, precipitation, evaporation and height above sea level. Human beings' disturbances and higher density in plantation forest may be ascribed as additional reasons. Those results may be potentially useful for the management and afforestation of Mongolian pine plantations on sandy land in arid and semi-arid areas.

Growth of Cubic GaN by MOCVD at High Temperature

High quality cubic GaN (c GaN) is grown by metalorganic vapor deposition (MOCVD) at an increased growth temperature of 900℃,with the growth rate of 1 6μm/h.The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of room temperature photoluminescence (PL) for the high temperature grown GaN film is 48meV.It is smaller than that of the sample grown at 830℃.In X ray diffraction (XRD) measurement,the high temperature grown GaN shows a (002) peak at 20° with a FWHM of 21′.It can be concluded that,although c GaN is of metastable phase,high growth temperature is still beneficial to the improvement in its crystal quality.The relationship between the growth rate and growth temperature is also discussed.

Method of Growth in Finding the Test Cube of Industrial Robots

In order to find the test cube for industrial robots as specified by ISO 9283, a seed cube is grown up in an irregular working space of the robot, provided that the corners of the cube do not exceed the boundary of the working space. All possible cubes are searched, and the cube with the maximum volume is selected. The calculation examples show that the method of growth can be used for a variety of industrial robots. The method of growth can determine the test cube and test points of irregular working space according to ISO 9283, and can avoid blindness and randomness in the selection of test points.

浅谈外墙外保温裂缝产生原因及抗裂技术

现就外墙保温裂缝产生原因及抗裂技术进行简要分析,以延长建筑物的使用年限。

苗圃铺就生财路

一栋3层24间、价值40多万元的住宅楼在湖北省枣阳市杨当镇店子村如鹤立鸡群，分外惹眼，楼房的主人却是一位普普通通的农民．靠种植苗圃致富的退伍军人杜立生。

一抹红霞染关隘

这里是出陕入川的咽喉要道,久负盛名的＂西秦第一关＂——棋盘关就坐落在这里。想当年,多少叱咤风云的仁人志士在此建功立业,金戈铁马,战旗猎猎,万丈雄心深深地印刻在这里的每寸土地上。

AUTHENTICATED SYMMETRIC-KEY ESTABLISHMENT FOR MEDICAL BODY SENSOR NETWORKS

This study concerns security issues of the emerging Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) formed by biomedical sensors worn on or implanted in the human body for mobile healthcare appli-cations. A novel authenticated symmetric-key establishment scheme is proposed for WBSN,which fully exploits the physiological features obtained by network entities via the body channel available in WBSN but not other wireless networks. The self-defined Intrinsic Shared Secret (ISS) is used to replace the pre-deployment of secrets among network entities,which thus eliminates centralized services or au-thorities essential in existing protocols,and resolves the key transport problem in the pure symmet-ric-key cryptosystem for WBSN as well. The security properties of the proposed scheme are demon-strated in terms of its attack complexity and the types of attacks it can resist. Besides,the scheme can be implemented under a light-weight way in WBSN systems. Due to the importance of the ISS concept,the analysis on using false acceptance/false rejection method to evaluate the performance of ISS for its usage in the scheme is also demonstrated.

Prognostic significance of PTEN,Ki-67 and CD44s expression patterns in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

AIM:To develop a prognostic approach for gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) using a cluster of indicators and follow-up information.METHODS:One hundred and four GISTs that had not been subjected to targeted therapies were collected and classified by NIH risk assessment and anatomic location.By immunohistochemistry,the expressions of PTEN,Ki-67,CD44s matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 and TIMP-1 were detected on tissue microarray.Univariate and multimarker survival analyses were performed and then a COX hazard proportion model was constructed to evaluate a cluster of predictors of GIST.RESULTS:Our data showed small intestinal GIST are more aggressive than gastric GIST.The NIH risk assessment correlated with disease-free survival foreither gastric GIST or small intestinal GIST.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Ki-67 labeling indexes(LIs) < 5% predicted higher disease-specific survival(DSS) in gastric and small intestinal GIST.CD44s positivity and PTEN LIs ≥ 50% correlated with higher DSS in gastric GIST.MMP-9 and TIMP-1 had no correlation with survival.Multimarker analysis revealed that the expression pattern of PTEN LIs ≥ 50% combined with Ki-67 LIs < 5% and CD44s positivity reliably predicted favorable outcomes for gastric GIST(P = 0.009),as did the combination of PTEN LIs ≥ 50% and Ki-67 LIs < 5% for small intestinal GIST(P = 0.011).Authors also found that high NIH risk grade was correlated with DSS in patients with gastric GIST and disease-free survival in patients with small intestinal GIST.CONCLUSION:PTEN LIs ≥ 50%,Ki-67 LIs < 5% and CD44s positivity provides an accurate,favorable prognosis for gastric GIST.PTEN LIs ≥ 50% and Ki-67 LIs < 5% does the same for small intestinal GIST.Ki-67 LIs enhances the NIH assessment.

Recent advances and remaining gaps in our knowledge of associations between gut microbiota and human health

The complex gut microbial flora harbored by individuals(microbiota) has long been proposed to contribute tointestinal health as well as disease. Pre-and probioticproducts aimed at improving health by modifyingmicrobiota composition have already become widelyavailable and acceptance of these products appearsto be on the rise. However, although required forthe development of effective microbiota basedinterventions, our basic understanding of microbiotavariation on a population level and its dynamics withinindividuals is still rudimentary. Powerful new parallelsequence technologies combined with other efficientmolecular microbiota analysis methods now allow forcomprehensive analysis of microbiota composition inlarge human populations. Recent fi ndings in the fi eldstrongly suggest that microbiota contributes to thedevelopment of obesity, atopic diseases, inflammatorybowel diseases and intestinal cancers. Through theongoing National Institutes of Health Roadmap 'HumanMicrobiome Project' and similar projects in other partsof the world, a large coordinated effort is currentlyunderway to study how microbiota can impact humanhealth. Translating findings from these studies intoeffective interventions that can improve health,possibly personalized based on an individuals existingmicrobiota, will be the task for the next decade(s).

Study on Root Morphology of Erect Type Peanut

The root morphology of erect type peanut in deep soil was studied in this paper. In the experiment, erect type peanut showed as most as five-order lateral roots with 13 227 pieces of lateral roots. At the seedling stage, the root system of erect type peanut was handstand cone-typed with lateral roots at various orders distributed around the taproot, and among the roots, the taproot was longest. During the late seedling stage to mature stage, the upper part of the root system of erect type peanut was blunt cone-typed, the middle part was three-dimensional network typed, while the lower part was cyUnder-like. The longest first-order lateral root was the longest root. At the mature stage, the taproot was not always the deepest root.

Disease-specific health-related quality of life and its determinants in liver cirrhosis patients in Lithuania

AIM: To evaluate disease-specific quality of life (QOL) in liver cirrhosis patients and to compare it with those of a healthy population. Also an important objective was to assess whether QOL in liver cirrhosis patients differs by age and gender, by type and severity of disease. METHODS: The case group of 131 liver cirrhosis patients was selected. The control group of 262 was enrolled from a healthy population according to the scheme of case-control study. Clinical, demographic, laboratory data were collected. QOL was measured with a specific chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ), which was translated and validated in Lithuanian. QOL scores were compared between groups by age, gender, type and severity of disease. Cronbach’s alpha statistics calculation was used for evaluation of internal consistency reliability. Student’s t test or ANOVA were used for evaluation hypothesis about probability equation. RESULTS: QOL was significantly lower in liver cirrhosis patients than in healthy population (59.5 ± 18.3 vs 85.3 ± 12.3, P < 0.001). The significant QOL differences between case and control groups were observed in domains of worry and abdominal symptoms, the smaller differences-in emotional functions and systematic symptom domains. Significantly worse QOL was in observed patients with increased clinical severity of the disease measured by Child-Pugh class. Age, gender and etiology of disease had an insignificant effect on QOL in cirrhotic patients. CONCLUSION: QOL was significantly impaired in all CLDQ domains in liver cirrhosis patients. Increase in severity of disease was the major factor associated with poorer QOL.

Prognostic Factors of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors： A Single Institutional Retrospective Experience with Surgical Management over 20 Years

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathological features and prognosis factors of gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） after primary resection. METHODS Medical records of the diagnosis, surgery, and follow-up of 327 patients with GISTs who underwent surgery between 1988 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The predic-tive factors for the survival of these patients were identi. ed using multivariate analysis. RESULTS In the 327 tumors, 152 （46.5%） were located in the stomach, 89 （27.2%） in the small intestine, 33 （10.1%） in the colon and rectum, and 43 （13.1%） in other sites including the omentum and mesentery. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of the 327 GIST patients were 74.4% and 62.7%, respectively, and univariate survival analysis demonstrated that factors, such as tumor size, mitotic index, NIH categories, Ki-67 index, tumor location, surgical margins, tumor bleeding, and tumor necrosis have significant effect on survival of the patients （P 〈 0.05）. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the NIH categories, surgical margins, and Ki-67 index were independent prognostic factors for the survival rate. In the group of patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis, the median survival time of patients who did not receive imatinib treatment was 30 months and that of patients who received imatinib treatment was 59 months. Their 5-year survival rates were 16.4% and 39.4%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P = 0.017）. CONCLUSION Complete resection is the .rst choice of treat-ment for GISTs. It is reasonable to evaluate the prognosis of resect-able GISTs and guide the adjunctive therapy with NIH categories and Ki-67 index. Imatinib treatment can signi.cantly increase the survival rate of patients with recurrent and metastatic GISTs.