中国城市人才资本及其组成要素竞争力变化的空间格局分析

以2002—2011年为研究时段,利用人才竞争力评价模型计量结果和MAPGIS分析我国城市人才资本竞争力的变化趋势与空间布局以及组成要素竞争力变化的空间体现。结果显示,城市人才资本竞争力呈跳跃式上升发展趋势;东强西弱的空间布局、行政级别高与人口规模大的城市占优的特点随时间变化持续得到强化。着眼于城市人才资本竞争力格局的变化,提出若干建议。

中国绿色食品产业区域竞争力变化:现状、问题与对策

资源、需求、政策和战略是影响绿色食品产业发展的主要因素,不同地区在不同发展阶段各要素发挥的权重作用不同,使其竞争力变化表现出较大差异,因此呈现出动态的区域竞争力状况。运用因子聚类分析法分析产业竞争力变化的原因发现,发展战略取向的变化是影响产业竞争力提高或下降的主要原因。通过调整发展战略和政策支持,特别是通过科技创新及引发的产品、市场创新是促进强、中势类地区竞争力提高的关键,并以此带动整个产业竞争力的提升。

我国石化行业竞争能力的变化趋势分析

本文以竞争力理论为基础,探讨了我国石化行业竞争力的内涵,分析了影响我国石化行业竞争力的因素,构建了评价我国石化行业竞争力的指标体系,并以中石化集团公司为例,对我国石化行业竞争力进行了纵向定性分析,分析结果表明,我国石化行业的综合竞争力总体呈现出逐步增加的趋势。

竞争窗口线性变化的分级冲突解析算法

设计合理的冲突解析机制可有效提高无线信道利用率。针对二进制指数退避(Binary Exponential Backoff,BEB)算法及其各种改进算法中普遍存在的节点间交叉冲突问题,提出一种竞争窗口线性变化的分级冲突解析算法(Staged Collision Resolution algorithm with Linearly Varying contention window,LV-SCR)。它通过使处于不同退避阶段节点的退避时隙互相隔离,彻底消除了节点间的交叉冲突;为降低信道空闲概率,还采用了一种竞争窗口的线性调节机制。仿真结果表明,与BEB算法相比,在网络吞吐量和数据帧平均接入时延未明显恶化的情况下,LV-SCR算法可使节点间的碰撞次数减少10%至50%以上。

特定贸易关系变化下中国出口竞争力变化

文章提出并测算了一个基于出口排名的竞争力指数,用以衡量分析中国出口至各国的贸易竞争力变化。2016年~2020年的外贸数据表明,在中美贸易争端的影响下,中国出口至美国的排名竞争力指数呈下降趋势;中欧双边投资协定谈判以来,中国出口至英国、德国、法国、意大利、西班牙的排名竞争力指数呈上升趋势;中澳自由贸易协定签署后,中国出口至澳大利亚的排名竞争力指数呈上升趋势。文章也列出了中国出口至这七个国家的贸易额排名发生显著变化的产品大类以及每个大类对应的前五个竞争国。

医疗器械产业竞争出现新格局

本文在阐述数字化技术对医疗器械产业产生的影响及引起的变化的基础上,分析了医疗器械产业竞争发生的变化和出现的新格局。

Managing Corporate Reputation in Times of Global Changes and Turbulence——A Strategy for Competitiveness

In times of global changes and turbulence like ours, more than anything, firms need some pillars of stability. By this paper we would like to develop a comprehensive and adaptive managerial approach of corporate reputation. This is based on the premise that intangible assets （in general） and corporate reputation （in particular） are more and more recognized and managed as sources of （unique） sustainable competitive advantages and as core determinants of firm competitiveness, which are relatively hard to build and very easy to loose.

Corporate Governance Viability： Theoretical Exploration

The purpose of this exploratory paper is to try to envision how corporate governance systems and practices are evolving and what eventually determines the forms they take and the functions they perform. Practical implications especially concern different consequences that recent global economic crisis has imposed on regulatory, business, and social aspects of corporate governance. In order to encompass different approaches to this ongoing issue, the author takes into account mainly theoretical contributions that address the issue from the following perspectives： interrelations between product market competition and corporate governance, assessment of capital market pressures on corporate governance; relation between labour market and corporate governance; and actors influencing corporate governance changes in national systems of corporate governance. Since the viability of any corporate governance system and practice, at national and international levels, depends on their ability to respond to both market pressure towards competitiveness and diversified requirements by influential social, political, and economic actors of change, the author suggests that all groups of factors should continue to be in the focus of future researches. On the other hand, as global economic crisis differently affects different countries and businesses, it is of particular importance for those that shape corporate governance policies and practices to be aware of the deep relatedness between corporate governance, on the one hand, and economic, social, and environmental aspects of growth and development, on the other hand.

Strategy research of enterprises to cope with marketing environment changes

Enterprise is economic cell of society. Enterprise marketing activities are conducted under certain social conditions, which have countless ties with all aspects of society. In order to achieve the established marketing objectives, firms must carefully analyze and research marketing environment and strive to make company＇ s marketing plan and decisions adapt to the changing market environment, avoiding and overcoming the risks of environment changes, in the end to ensure an invincible position in the fierce market competition and constantly changing environment.

Land Use and Property Changes in Hungary and Poland after EU Accession

Land property in the post socialist countries was rebuilt in the beginning of the 1990s. The process went in different way in all of the post-socialist countries. The result of the privatization of agricultural land was a fragmented, direct or indirect smallholder ownership structure in most of the new member states of the EU. The land, partly or totally was given back to the owners and inheritors of land reforms following the war. It means that considerable proportion of the land is cultivated by tenants, the fragmented estate structure decreases the efficiency and the increasing rental fees further destroy the profitability and competitiveness of farming. Regarding to the competitiveness of agriculture, Poland showed a developing tendency after the accession, but Hungary suffers from serious problems. Applying descriptive statistics between the changes of land use and land ownership during the research relation analysis, emphasizing the effect in competitiveness of the land price and a land rent, the paper tries to identify the main differences and similarities in land use and property structure, and their effects on the agricultural competitiveness based on the FADN data base, since 2004-2007.

Structural Changes That Generate Competitive Ability to the Metal Working Industry

This article presents the results of a study conducted in a Metallurgical industry located in the town of Santa Rosa--Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Its central goal was to obtain a better understanding of the structural changes in the organization and identify its working practices through both case and bibliographic studies, taking into consideration the technological advances and the new management being implemented in the company, due to its acquisition by a multinational company. The proposal of a new organizational structure which has brought inevitable changes to the organizations but the structure needs to be well defined to lead to the company under study and its employees the best way, through continuous improvement and competitive entrepreneurship. The results obtained enable a better understanding of the history and nature of changes in the organization, considering it as a living and changing system.

A native herbaceous community exerts a strong allelopathic effect on the woody range-expander Betula fruticosa

Biological invasions by alien and range-expanding native plant species can suppress native plants through allelopathy.However,the homeland security hypothesis suggests that some native plants can resist invasion by producing allelopathic compounds that inhibit the growth of invasive plants.Most research has focused on allelopathic interactions between individual native and invasive plant species,with less emphasis on how allelopathy helps entire native communities resist invasions.Additionally,limited knowledge exists about allelopathic interactions between range-expanding native species and recipient native communities,and their influence on invasion success.To bridge this knowledge gap,we conducted two greenhouse competition experiments to test reciprocal allelopathic effects between a native woody range-expanding species,Betula fruticosa,and a community of four native herbaceous species(Sanguisorba officinalis,Gentiana manshurica,Sium suave and Deyeuxia angustifolia)in China.We assessed whether B.fruticosa and the native community differed in their competitive effects and responses,and whether these were influenced by activated carbon,which neutralizes allelochemicals in the soil.Activated carbon reduced the suppressive effects of the native community on the above-ground biomass of B.fruticosa,which indicates that the native community exerted a strong allelopathic effect on B.fruticosa.In contrast,activated carbon only marginally enhanced the suppressive effects of B.fruticosa on the native community,which indicates that allelopathy is not the primary mechanism by which B.fruticosa exerts its suppression.Overall,these findings support the homeland security hypothesis and suggest that biotic resistance from the native herbaceous community may limit the invasion success of the woody range-expander B.fruticosa.

The pervasive effects of lighting environments on sensory drive in bluefin killifish： an investigation into male/male competition, female choice, and predation

Sensory drive predicts that the conditions under which signaling takes place have large effects on signals, sensory systems, and behavior. The coupling of an ecological genetics approach with sen sory drive has been fruitful. An ecological genetics approach compares populations that experi ence different environments and asks whether population differences are adaptive and are the result of genetic and/or environmental variation. The multifaceted effects of signaling environ ments are wellexemplified by the bluefin killifish. In this system, males with blue anal fins are abundant in tanninstained swamps that lack UV/blue light but are absent in clear springs where UV/blue light is abundant. Past work indicates that lighting environments shape genetic and envir onmental variation in color patterns, visual systems, and behavior. Less is known about the select ive forces creating the across population correlations between UV/blue light and the abundance of blue males. Here, we present three new experiments that investigate the roles of lighting environ ments on male competition, female mate choice, and predation. We found strong effects of lighting environments on male competition where blue males were more likely to emerge as dominant in teastained water than in clear water. Our preliminary study on predation indicated that blue males may be less susceptible to predation in teastained water than in clear water. However, there was little evidence for female preferences favoring blue males. The resulting pattern is one where the effects of lighting environments on genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity match the direction of selection and favor the expression of blue males in swamps.