期刊文献+
共找到5篇文章
< 1 >
每页显示 20 50 100
中学超前学习经历对大学拔尖学生学习状态的影响 被引量:14
1
作者 陆一 冷帝豪 《北京大学教育评论》 CSSCI 北大核心 2020年第4期129-150,188,共23页
本文对6所大学1359名参与基础学科拔尖人才培养项目的在校学生进行了问卷调查和回归分析,发现拥有“竞赛获奖”“完成科创”“提前涉猎”三种中学超前学习经历的拔尖学生,在创新潜质等诸多方面的学业表现都更为优秀。其中,竞赛生的大学... 本文对6所大学1359名参与基础学科拔尖人才培养项目的在校学生进行了问卷调查和回归分析,发现拥有“竞赛获奖”“完成科创”“提前涉猎”三种中学超前学习经历的拔尖学生,在创新潜质等诸多方面的学业表现都更为优秀。其中,竞赛生的大学成绩显著优于非竞赛生;兴趣型竞赛生在各方面表现更优,功利型竞赛生的学习动力弱于兴趣型竞赛生,甚至不如中学时对科学感兴趣的非竞赛生。中学“完成科创”的学生更早地明确了专业上的行动方向。在中学提前涉猎大学教育的经历并未带来对高深学问更强烈的憧憬。同时,这些超前教育资源与家庭背景、地域分布高度关联。除了“竞赛获奖”,“完成科创”与“提前涉猎”经历都与家庭收入显著正相关。兼顾机会公平与选才效率的政策应致力于扩大兴趣型竞赛生群体。 展开更多
关键词 科技创新人才 竞赛生 中学与大学衔接
下载PDF
Cuckoo parasitism on two closely-related Acrocephalus warblers in distant areas:a case of parallel coevolution? 被引量:1
2
作者 Csaba MOSKaT Fugo TAKASU +3 位作者 A.Roman MU OZ Hiroshi NAKAMURA Miklós BaN Zoltán BARTA 《Chinese Birds》 2012年第4期320-329,342,共11页
Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) parasitize nests of small passerines.e Cuckoo chicks cause the death of their nest-mates when evicting eggs or nestlings from the nests;consequently,hosts su er from a high loss of repr... Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) parasitize nests of small passerines.e Cuckoo chicks cause the death of their nest-mates when evicting eggs or nestlings from the nests;consequently,hosts su er from a high loss of reproduction.Host adaptations against parasitism,e.g.,by egg discrimination behavior,and cuckoo counter-adaptations to hosts,e.g.,by mimetic eggs,are often regarded as a result of the arms race between the two interacting species.In Hungary Great Reed Warblers(Acrocephalus arundinaceus) are the main hosts of cuckoos,su ering from heavy parasitism(ca.40-65%).e Oriental Reed Warbler(A.orientalis),formerly a subspecies of the Great Reed Warbler(A.a.orientalis),is also a highly parasitized host in Japan(25-40%).We compared main characteristics of Cuckoo parasitism in these two distant areas from the Western and Eastern Palearctic by comparing cuckoo egg mimicry.We measured color characteristics of host and parasitic eggs by spectrophotometer.Visual modeling revealed lower chromatic distances between Cuckoo and host eggs in Hungary than in Japan,but high variation both in host and Cuckoo eggs may cause matching problems in Hungary.Achromatic(brightness) di erence between host and Cuckoo eggs were lower in Japan than in Hungary,and it proved to be the most important factor a ecting egg rejection.Hosts rejected Cuckoo eggs at similar frequencies(37% and 35% in Hungary and Japan,respectively).Host adaptation,i.e.,egg rejection behavior,seems to be preceding Cuckoo counter-adaptations to hosts in Japan.We suggest that the Cuckoo-Great/Oriental Reed Warbler relationships developed in alternative ways in Japan and Hungary,and they represent di erent stages of their arms race. 展开更多
关键词 Acrocephalus arundinaceus Acrocephalus orientalis arms race brood parasitism Cuculus canorus egg discrimination parallel coevolution
下载PDF
加快我国体育产业发展的政策建议
3
作者 牟旭东 《经济咨询》 2004年第3期14-18,共5页
经过10来年的快速发展,我国体育产业基本框架初步形成。
关键词 体育产业 中国 健身娱乐业 体育竞赛表演 体育彩票业 体育培训业 体育用品
下载PDF
The First Student International Olympiad on Mechanism and Machine SciencemThe Challenge in MMS Education
4
作者 Veniamin Goldfarb Eduard Krylov Alexander Elenskii 《Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation》 2013年第3期152-158,共7页
One of important tasks of IFToMM is attraction of youth attention to profound study of mechanism and machine science. To solve this task, special youth programs are developed, various discounts are provided for young ... One of important tasks of IFToMM is attraction of youth attention to profound study of mechanism and machine science. To solve this task, special youth programs are developed, various discounts are provided for young researchers' participation in IFToMM congresses and conferences. A new progressive type of such an activity is organization of Student International Olympiads (SIO) on Mechanism and Machine Science (MMS) which can be considered a new advantageous form of MMS study. The paper describes experiences of organization and holding the first SIO MMS, which took place on April 19-21,2011 in Izhevsk (Russia) at Izhevsk State Technical University. 展开更多
关键词 Mechanism and machine science EDUCATION student international Olympiad.
下载PDF
Assessment strategies and fighting patterns in animal contests: a role for serotonin? 被引量:1
5
作者 Andrew N. BUBAK Alison R. GERKEN +3 位作者 Michael J. WATT Jamie D, COSTABILE Kenneth J. RENNER John G. SWALLOW 《Current Zoology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期257-263,共7页
Accurate assessment of the probability of success in an aggressive confrontation with a conspecific is critical to the survival and fitness of the individuals. Various game theory models have examined these assessment... Accurate assessment of the probability of success in an aggressive confrontation with a conspecific is critical to the survival and fitness of the individuals. Various game theory models have examined these assessment strategies under the assumption that contests should favor the animal with the greater resource-holding potential (RHP), body size typically being the proxy. Mutual assessment asserts that an individual can assess their own RHP relative to their opponent, allowing the inferior animal the chance to flee before incurring unnecessary costs. The model of self-determined persistence, however, assumes that an individual will fight to a set personal threshold, independ- ent of their opponent's RHP. Both models have been repeatedly tested using size as a proxy for RHP, with neither receiving unambiguous support. Here we present both morphological and neuro- physiological data from size-matched and mismatched stalk-eyed fly fights. We discovered differ- ing fighting strategies between winners and losers. Winners readily escalated encounters to higher intensity and physical contact and engaged in less low-intensity, posturing behaviors compared with losers. Although these fighting strategies were largely independent of size, they were associ- ated with elevated levels of 5-HT. Understanding the neurophysiological factors responsible for mediating the motivational state of opponents could help resolve the inconsistencies seen in cur- rent game theory models. Therefore, we contend that current studies using only size as a proxy for RHP may be inadequate in determining the intricacies of fighting ability and that future studies investigating assessment strategies and contest outcome should include neurophysiological data. 展开更多
关键词 AGGRESSION ASSESSMENT fighting strategies SEROTONIN MONOAMINES resource-holding potential.
原文传递
上一页 1 下一页 到第
使用帮助 返回顶部