In this literature review on TPE （third-person effects） and the behavioral consequences on children, the research questions posed are how the body of knowledge has evolved since the first empirical evidence of TPE a...In this literature review on TPE （third-person effects） and the behavioral consequences on children, the research questions posed are how the body of knowledge has evolved since the first empirical evidence of TPE among children and what knowledge gaps that remain. The traceable developments are two： （1） Compared to the vast amount of articles on TPE in general, the 5 9 identified on the topic of children are few and two thirds actually focus on adolescents/young adults rather than children. The reason put forward for studying younger children is the urge to prevent risky behavior through media literacy programs or pro-social advertisements; and （2） The studies have not primarily addressed results to support occurrence of TPE among children. Rather they support parental TPE or among the adolescents that TPE and reverse TPE occur due to certain kind of media content. The discussion on knowledge gaps that remain follow three themes： （1） Differentiations between self and others are in psychological studies implied to occur among children between the ages of 3-4 years old, yet no study address how children develop TPE; （2） There is a tendency to follow the more general development within TPE research with the renewed interest in behavioral consequences. But the primary behavioral consequence studied in TPE in general and within studies of TPE and children is support for censorship. Few studies address ＂real＂ behavioral consequences like parental mediation; and （3） There is also a need for more theoretically coherent research on the importance of social distance.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the clinical study advance of pediatric tuina and understand the changes of disease scope and spectrum in pediatric tuina over the last decade. Methods： Relevant articles involving pediatri...Objective： To investigate the clinical study advance of pediatric tuina and understand the changes of disease scope and spectrum in pediatric tuina over the last decade. Methods： Relevant articles involving pediatric tuina have been retrieved through the databases of domestic journals for health and medical sciences as well as Springer-Verlag Database of German during 2002-2011. It aims to extract relevant information, build literature infomaation table of tuina therapy for pediatric conditions and conduct statistical analysis. Then the findings were compared with the data of pediatric tuina papers which were published from 1988 to 1997 recorded in Encyclopedia of Chinese Tuina. Results and Conclusion： A total of 75 clinical indications for pediatric tuina have been statistically summarized, of which 5 common conditions were selected and 1 prior condition was singled out. Additionally, some outdated or new conditions have been discovered.展开更多
文摘In this literature review on TPE （third-person effects） and the behavioral consequences on children, the research questions posed are how the body of knowledge has evolved since the first empirical evidence of TPE among children and what knowledge gaps that remain. The traceable developments are two： （1） Compared to the vast amount of articles on TPE in general, the 5 9 identified on the topic of children are few and two thirds actually focus on adolescents/young adults rather than children. The reason put forward for studying younger children is the urge to prevent risky behavior through media literacy programs or pro-social advertisements; and （2） The studies have not primarily addressed results to support occurrence of TPE among children. Rather they support parental TPE or among the adolescents that TPE and reverse TPE occur due to certain kind of media content. The discussion on knowledge gaps that remain follow three themes： （1） Differentiations between self and others are in psychological studies implied to occur among children between the ages of 3-4 years old, yet no study address how children develop TPE; （2） There is a tendency to follow the more general development within TPE research with the renewed interest in behavioral consequences. But the primary behavioral consequence studied in TPE in general and within studies of TPE and children is support for censorship. Few studies address ＂real＂ behavioral consequences like parental mediation; and （3） There is also a need for more theoretically coherent research on the importance of social distance.
文摘Objective： To investigate the clinical study advance of pediatric tuina and understand the changes of disease scope and spectrum in pediatric tuina over the last decade. Methods： Relevant articles involving pediatric tuina have been retrieved through the databases of domestic journals for health and medical sciences as well as Springer-Verlag Database of German during 2002-2011. It aims to extract relevant information, build literature infomaation table of tuina therapy for pediatric conditions and conduct statistical analysis. Then the findings were compared with the data of pediatric tuina papers which were published from 1988 to 1997 recorded in Encyclopedia of Chinese Tuina. Results and Conclusion： A total of 75 clinical indications for pediatric tuina have been statistically summarized, of which 5 common conditions were selected and 1 prior condition was singled out. Additionally, some outdated or new conditions have been discovered.
