Background： Anecdotally, parents often report that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） who engage in regular physical activity （PA） experience positive behavioral changes. The purpose of...Background： Anecdotally, parents often report that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） who engage in regular physical activity （PA） experience positive behavioral changes. The purpose of this study was to examine this anecdotal relationship to provide preliminary evidence relevant to the potential benefits of PA on ADHD symptoms. Methods： Parents （n = 68） of children diagnosed with ADHD completed an lnternet survey assessing perceptions of how PA influences their child＇s symptoms. Results： A significantly greater percentage of parents reported that regular PA positively impacted symptoms. However, there were no uniform effects for all types of ADHD symptoms. The results indicate that there may be more positive benefits for symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity than for those of impulsivity. Conclusion： This is the first study to empirically document parents＇ perceptions of how PA influences ADHD and suggests that PA can be a viable strategy for reducing symptoms. PA may have greater benefits for specific symptoms of ADHD, providing critical information for developing PA interventions for children and adolescents.展开更多
Pediatric Menetrier's disease (MD) is an uncommon, acute, self-limited hypertrophic gastropathy characterized by enlarged gastric folds associated with epithelial hyperplasia and usually accompanied by protein los...Pediatric Menetrier's disease (MD) is an uncommon, acute, self-limited hypertrophic gastropathy characterized by enlarged gastric folds associated with epithelial hyperplasia and usually accompanied by protein losing gastropathy. Gastric cytomegalovirus infection is found in one third of MD children and its treatment is often associated with remission. Diagnosis often requires fullthickness biopsy due to inability to detect typical histological findings with conventional endoscopic biopsy. We report an uncommon case of non self-limited pediatric MD needing endoscopic mucosal resection for diagnosis which was then successfully treated with octreotide long-acting release (LAR). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pediatric MD case successfully treated with octreotide LAR. Our experience suggests octreotide LAR as treatment for refractory MD before gastrectomy.展开更多
Complex marine benthic environments shape a number of ecologically important behaviors in sea urchins, including covering and righting behaviors. The present study correlated covering and righting behaviors to a serie...Complex marine benthic environments shape a number of ecologically important behaviors in sea urchins, including covering and righting behaviors. The present study correlated covering and righting behaviors to a series of fi tness-related traits in sea urchins. Righting response time of Glyptocidaris crenularis was signifi cantly positively correlated with body size, but signifi cantly negatively correlated with food consumption. Covering behavior was not signifi cantly correlated with test diameter, test height or body weight, but covering response time was negatively correlated with body weight. A signifi cantly negative correlation was found between righting response time and covering response time. Glyptocidaris crenularis showed a signifi cantly positive correlation in covering response time with and without exposure to poured sand, but no signifi cance in covering ability(number of shells used to cover). The present study provides new insight into internal mechanisms and evolutionary drives of covering and righting behaviors of sea urchins.展开更多
Since children, as a rule, have more free time than adults, it is adults＇ responsibility to provide children with a chance to spend the time of relaxation, play, and fun in a beneficial way. Unfortunately, children＇...Since children, as a rule, have more free time than adults, it is adults＇ responsibility to provide children with a chance to spend the time of relaxation, play, and fun in a beneficial way. Unfortunately, children＇s spare time is nowadays very frequently organized for the sake of brushing up children＇s knowledge, skills, and competences, which is accomplished by means of escalating extra-curriculum activities. When expressed by teacher and parents, these ambition-related attitudes pave the way for the disappearance of children＇s personal interests and motivations to perform complicated tasks which are perceived as unwanted or obscure by the affected children themselves. This form of adults＇ behavior may lead to the feelings of frustration, stress, demotivation, or rebellion on behalf of their children. The said emotional states, especially in relation to the lack of spontaneous play, give rise to serious psychic dysfunctions, and the instability of children＇s psychic balance. It may also pave the way for various forms of destructive behavior that mostly characterize children of younger school age who are about to start schooling.展开更多
AIM： To determine epidemiology of Bruneian paediatric chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients and factors that affect growth and progression of disease.METHODS： A cross-sectional study conducted on all children belo...AIM： To determine epidemiology of Bruneian paediatric chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients and factors that affect growth and progression of disease.METHODS： A cross-sectional study conducted on all children below 18 years old who were diagnosed with CKD over a ten year period （2004 to 2013）. The reference population was all children （〈 18 years old） suffering from CKD and attending the tertiary paediatric nephrology clinic in Brunei Darussalam. Demographic （current age, age of diagnosis, gender, ethnicity）, anthropometric （weight and height）, diagnosis, laboratory data （serum creatinine and haemoglobin, urinalysis） and blood pressure were extracted from the patients’ clinical case notes and recorded using a data collection form.RESULTS： The study revealed a high national prevalence [736 per million child population （pmcp）] and incidence （91 pcmp） of CKD. If CKD was defned at Stage 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the associated prevalence fgures were 736, 132, 83, 50 and 33 pmcp. Glomerulonephritis accounted for 69% of all prevalent cases, followed by congenital abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract （20%） and tubulointerstitial diseases （8%）. Minimal change disease being the most common histological diagnosis. The median age of diagnosis was 4.5 years, with congenital disease patients experiencing an earlier onset of diagnosis. A large proportion of patients were below the 5% percentile for height and weight. Non-glomerular diseases, adolescent and female patients were significantly associated with poor growth, but not glomerular filtration rate, age of diagnosis or steroid usage. CONCLUSION： Brunei has a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the paediatric population with glome-rulonephritis being the most common disease.展开更多
This paper investigated the influence of parental child upbringing styles and juvenile delinquency and the implication for societal development. A total number of 35 female and male delinquent inmates of Children Corr...This paper investigated the influence of parental child upbringing styles and juvenile delinquency and the implication for societal development. A total number of 35 female and male delinquent inmates of Children Correctional Centre in Cross River State and 35 female and male non-delinquents from a normal school aged from 12 years to 17 years took part in the study. The Child Rearing Questionnaire （CRQ） designed by the researcher was used for data collection. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Chi-square was used in testing the study hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The result of the data analysis showed that parental child-rearing style has a significant influence on the three aspects of dishonest behaviour, namely lying, stealing, and truancy, and parents＇ bonding with their children is also significant. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that parents should adopt more of authoritative child upbringing styles. Parents are expected to guide and modify the behaviour of their children to conform with the acceptable behaviours in society as well as participate in activities aimed at preventing crime or disorder being committed by their children.展开更多
Genuine interest, research zeal, and visual art expressiveness which are typical of the pre-school period can pose a challenge to every teacher, at the same time, guide them when planning different contents for childr...Genuine interest, research zeal, and visual art expressiveness which are typical of the pre-school period can pose a challenge to every teacher, at the same time, guide them when planning different contents for children to explore and discover. As one of the primary expressing media and an important support when forming concepts, visual art plays an indispensable role in the pre-school period. The following thesis is based on an action research whose key tendencies were focused on establishing children＇s interests in different useful materials and tools while enabling them an autonomous visual art use of these tools and didactical possibilities of the teacher involved. The activities included in the research were fully in line with the Slovenian National Kindergarten Curriculum and the project was carried out in the form of several successive meetings intended for visual art creative activities. All activities in the research were photo-documented while the analysis of the research＇s data was performed based on observation and written notes referring to individual child＇s responses, his or her questions, ideas, and incentives, the course of cognitive and creative process, communication with the peers and teachers and other potential particularities.展开更多
The society of today often likes to brand itself as modem, advanced, civilized, or a society of positive changes. However, it is a fact that the world is confronted with huge contradictions that oppose such qualificat...The society of today often likes to brand itself as modem, advanced, civilized, or a society of positive changes. However, it is a fact that the world is confronted with huge contradictions that oppose such qualifications. Obviously, one of the most striking and almost unbelievable realities tells us about inhumane and uncivilized actions of child exploitation in ＂entrepreneurial＂ purposes in the widest range of exploitation and abuse. Current period of economic crisis tells us even more about the rising crisis of moral, which is, in statistical terms, confirmed by a rising number of exploited children in a global framework, and even in some national frameworks as well. With that, some positive results about the diminishing number of exploited children are devaluated. The question is what are the ＂limits＂ of such behavior of groups, organizations, and individuals whose behavior is, obviously, tolerated in the frameworks of certain national economies. Does this behavior have clarity as a part of modem society？ Or, even more severe, for how long can we as a society close our eyes in front of such facts？ Do we even have the right？ In this paper, the authors strive towards focusing and objectifying the global problem of exploitation and abuse of children in ＂entrepreneurial＂ purposes, primarily with the purpose of updating all parts of the society of this paradox and the need of raising the awareness and teaching all relevant factors--from institutions to individuals, with the purpose of resolving and more neutralize the equivalents of this uncivilized and non-entrepreneurial ＂phenomenon＂, as well as approaching the same in the framework of different actions with broadest measures possible and with all disposable assets.展开更多
文摘Background： Anecdotally, parents often report that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） who engage in regular physical activity （PA） experience positive behavioral changes. The purpose of this study was to examine this anecdotal relationship to provide preliminary evidence relevant to the potential benefits of PA on ADHD symptoms. Methods： Parents （n = 68） of children diagnosed with ADHD completed an lnternet survey assessing perceptions of how PA influences their child＇s symptoms. Results： A significantly greater percentage of parents reported that regular PA positively impacted symptoms. However, there were no uniform effects for all types of ADHD symptoms. The results indicate that there may be more positive benefits for symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity than for those of impulsivity. Conclusion： This is the first study to empirically document parents＇ perceptions of how PA influences ADHD and suggests that PA can be a viable strategy for reducing symptoms. PA may have greater benefits for specific symptoms of ADHD, providing critical information for developing PA interventions for children and adolescents.
文摘Pediatric Menetrier's disease (MD) is an uncommon, acute, self-limited hypertrophic gastropathy characterized by enlarged gastric folds associated with epithelial hyperplasia and usually accompanied by protein losing gastropathy. Gastric cytomegalovirus infection is found in one third of MD children and its treatment is often associated with remission. Diagnosis often requires fullthickness biopsy due to inability to detect typical histological findings with conventional endoscopic biopsy. We report an uncommon case of non self-limited pediatric MD needing endoscopic mucosal resection for diagnosis which was then successfully treated with octreotide long-acting release (LAR). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pediatric MD case successfully treated with octreotide LAR. Our experience suggests octreotide LAR as treatment for refractory MD before gastrectomy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41506177)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2012AA10A412)the research project granted by Dalian Ocean University(No.110914001001)
文摘Complex marine benthic environments shape a number of ecologically important behaviors in sea urchins, including covering and righting behaviors. The present study correlated covering and righting behaviors to a series of fi tness-related traits in sea urchins. Righting response time of Glyptocidaris crenularis was signifi cantly positively correlated with body size, but signifi cantly negatively correlated with food consumption. Covering behavior was not signifi cantly correlated with test diameter, test height or body weight, but covering response time was negatively correlated with body weight. A signifi cantly negative correlation was found between righting response time and covering response time. Glyptocidaris crenularis showed a signifi cantly positive correlation in covering response time with and without exposure to poured sand, but no signifi cance in covering ability(number of shells used to cover). The present study provides new insight into internal mechanisms and evolutionary drives of covering and righting behaviors of sea urchins.
文摘Since children, as a rule, have more free time than adults, it is adults＇ responsibility to provide children with a chance to spend the time of relaxation, play, and fun in a beneficial way. Unfortunately, children＇s spare time is nowadays very frequently organized for the sake of brushing up children＇s knowledge, skills, and competences, which is accomplished by means of escalating extra-curriculum activities. When expressed by teacher and parents, these ambition-related attitudes pave the way for the disappearance of children＇s personal interests and motivations to perform complicated tasks which are perceived as unwanted or obscure by the affected children themselves. This form of adults＇ behavior may lead to the feelings of frustration, stress, demotivation, or rebellion on behalf of their children. The said emotional states, especially in relation to the lack of spontaneous play, give rise to serious psychic dysfunctions, and the instability of children＇s psychic balance. It may also pave the way for various forms of destructive behavior that mostly characterize children of younger school age who are about to start schooling.
文摘AIM： To determine epidemiology of Bruneian paediatric chronic kidney disease （CKD） patients and factors that affect growth and progression of disease.METHODS： A cross-sectional study conducted on all children below 18 years old who were diagnosed with CKD over a ten year period （2004 to 2013）. The reference population was all children （〈 18 years old） suffering from CKD and attending the tertiary paediatric nephrology clinic in Brunei Darussalam. Demographic （current age, age of diagnosis, gender, ethnicity）, anthropometric （weight and height）, diagnosis, laboratory data （serum creatinine and haemoglobin, urinalysis） and blood pressure were extracted from the patients’ clinical case notes and recorded using a data collection form.RESULTS： The study revealed a high national prevalence [736 per million child population （pmcp）] and incidence （91 pcmp） of CKD. If CKD was defned at Stage 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, the associated prevalence fgures were 736, 132, 83, 50 and 33 pmcp. Glomerulonephritis accounted for 69% of all prevalent cases, followed by congenital abnormalities of kidney and urinary tract （20%） and tubulointerstitial diseases （8%）. Minimal change disease being the most common histological diagnosis. The median age of diagnosis was 4.5 years, with congenital disease patients experiencing an earlier onset of diagnosis. A large proportion of patients were below the 5% percentile for height and weight. Non-glomerular diseases, adolescent and female patients were significantly associated with poor growth, but not glomerular filtration rate, age of diagnosis or steroid usage. CONCLUSION： Brunei has a high prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the paediatric population with glome-rulonephritis being the most common disease.
文摘This paper investigated the influence of parental child upbringing styles and juvenile delinquency and the implication for societal development. A total number of 35 female and male delinquent inmates of Children Correctional Centre in Cross River State and 35 female and male non-delinquents from a normal school aged from 12 years to 17 years took part in the study. The Child Rearing Questionnaire （CRQ） designed by the researcher was used for data collection. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Chi-square was used in testing the study hypotheses at .05 level of significance. The result of the data analysis showed that parental child-rearing style has a significant influence on the three aspects of dishonest behaviour, namely lying, stealing, and truancy, and parents＇ bonding with their children is also significant. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that parents should adopt more of authoritative child upbringing styles. Parents are expected to guide and modify the behaviour of their children to conform with the acceptable behaviours in society as well as participate in activities aimed at preventing crime or disorder being committed by their children.
文摘Genuine interest, research zeal, and visual art expressiveness which are typical of the pre-school period can pose a challenge to every teacher, at the same time, guide them when planning different contents for children to explore and discover. As one of the primary expressing media and an important support when forming concepts, visual art plays an indispensable role in the pre-school period. The following thesis is based on an action research whose key tendencies were focused on establishing children＇s interests in different useful materials and tools while enabling them an autonomous visual art use of these tools and didactical possibilities of the teacher involved. The activities included in the research were fully in line with the Slovenian National Kindergarten Curriculum and the project was carried out in the form of several successive meetings intended for visual art creative activities. All activities in the research were photo-documented while the analysis of the research＇s data was performed based on observation and written notes referring to individual child＇s responses, his or her questions, ideas, and incentives, the course of cognitive and creative process, communication with the peers and teachers and other potential particularities.
文摘The society of today often likes to brand itself as modem, advanced, civilized, or a society of positive changes. However, it is a fact that the world is confronted with huge contradictions that oppose such qualifications. Obviously, one of the most striking and almost unbelievable realities tells us about inhumane and uncivilized actions of child exploitation in ＂entrepreneurial＂ purposes in the widest range of exploitation and abuse. Current period of economic crisis tells us even more about the rising crisis of moral, which is, in statistical terms, confirmed by a rising number of exploited children in a global framework, and even in some national frameworks as well. With that, some positive results about the diminishing number of exploited children are devaluated. The question is what are the ＂limits＂ of such behavior of groups, organizations, and individuals whose behavior is, obviously, tolerated in the frameworks of certain national economies. Does this behavior have clarity as a part of modem society？ Or, even more severe, for how long can we as a society close our eyes in front of such facts？ Do we even have the right？ In this paper, the authors strive towards focusing and objectifying the global problem of exploitation and abuse of children in ＂entrepreneurial＂ purposes, primarily with the purpose of updating all parts of the society of this paradox and the need of raising the awareness and teaching all relevant factors--from institutions to individuals, with the purpose of resolving and more neutralize the equivalents of this uncivilized and non-entrepreneurial ＂phenomenon＂, as well as approaching the same in the framework of different actions with broadest measures possible and with all disposable assets.
