文摘广泛性发育障碍(pervasive developmental disorders,PDD)又称全面发育障碍或弥漫性发育障碍,是一组起病于婴幼儿时期的发育障碍。PDD以显著的社会功能损害、言语交流障碍、人际交往障碍为核心特征,并具兴趣狭窄、行为方式刻板,常伴易激惹、冲动、攻击、多动、自伤等行为障碍。美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition,DSM—IV)将PDD分为5个亚型:孤独症、Rett综合征、童年瓦解性障碍、Asperger综合征和未特定PDD,临床以孤独症最为常见。目前,该疾病确切的发病机制尚不清楚,治疗困难,给家庭和社会带来沉重负担。近10多年来大量的研究表明,
基金资助(Funding): Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants (Research on Psychiatric and Neurological Diseases and Mental Health, H17-kokoro-002) grant in aid for scientific research (KAKENHI) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Research (# 17591199 )intramural grant from the Niigata University to TS. VO is recipient of an operating grant for ethics and science policy research on personalised medicine from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.