第二次世界中西医结合大会学术纪要

第二次世界中西医结合大会于2002年9月21～24日在北京举行,共有来自世界27个国家和地区的1300多名代表参加了这次会议。综观这次会议,中西医结合医学在学科建设、学术发展和药物开发等诸多方面取得了较大进展。 1 中西医结合医学(结合医学)研究逐渐成为一个体系 从本次大会作者来看,结合医学研究单位除中医药研究机构外,越来越多的综合性大学、现代医学研究机构参与结合医学研究。国外如美国的哈佛大学、Georgetown大学,日本的日本药科大学,富山医科药科大学,国内包括北京大学、清华大学、香港大学等,许多企业也参与了结合医学研究行列,认为中药现代研究与开发必须应用结合医学理论指导。

康克清出席第二次世界妇女大会

第二次世界妇女大会于1980年在丹麦首都哥本Ⅱ舒艮召开。来自145个国家和地区及联合国有关组织和机构的代表2000多人与会。大会通过了《联合国妇女十年后半期行动纲领》，特别强调就业、保健和教育是发展的重要组成部分，以期早日实现平等、发展与和平的目标。当时的中国政协副主席、全国妇联主席康克清率中国代表团出席大会。会议期间，康克清代表中国在《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》上签了字。

人类重新认识老龄问题的里程碑会议——纪念第一次和第二次老龄问题世界大会召开

回顾了人类在全球范围内召开的两次具有里程碑和划时代意义的老龄问题世界大会及其成果——《老龄问题国际行动计划》。两次老龄问题世界大会的召开,对于全球研究老龄问题、推动老龄事业发展具有重要意义。几十年来,在两次老龄问题世界大会的推动下,全球老龄事业得到极大重视并取得长足发展。积极应对人口老龄化问题已经成为各国社会经济发展中的重要议题。两版《老龄问题国际行动计划》和联合国关于老龄问题的一系列倡议,已经成为全球应对人口老龄化的共识。

里约+10:回顾与展望

文章介绍了即将于2002年8月26日在南非约翰内斯堡召开的联合国可持续发展世界首脑会议(WSSD,又称RIO+10)的背景以及预备会议情况,并对会议将着重关注的问题和前景进行了综合分析。

太平洋戦争下の日本語

各国の言語は時代の流れとともに変化するもので、日本語も当然だと思う。本文は日本語の近代化から述べて、第二次世界大戦の前後の日本語を例として、日本語自身の変化とそれに関する文化背景を検討して、言語の変化への影響の要因を研究したいと思う。

论“西学中”断代与“中西医结合”断层——给陈可冀院士并中国中西医结合学会的一封信

此信2007年12月21日由国家中医药管理局办公室批转至甘肃省中医管理局阅处,征得作者同意刊登。

再论“西学中”断代与“中西医结合”断层——给国家卫生部吴仪部长的一封信

此信2007年12月21日由国家中医药管理局办公室批转至甘肃省中医管理局阅处,征得作者同意刊登。

南非大使说峰会

第二次世界可持续发展高峰会议(又称里约+10会议)即将在南非的约翰内斯堡举行,这是继1992年里约会议后又一次具有重要历史意义的全球环境盛会。这次会议是在世界各国不断朝着可持续发展方向迈进,但同时却出现极大的两极分化的严峻时刻召开的。那么会议将会重点讨论哪些议题?又将出台什么重要宣言或公约?目前准备情况如何?就这些问题,记者近日采访了会议主办国,南非共和国驻华大使顾坦博先生。

Transnational Mathematics and Movements: Shiingshen Chern, Hua Luogeng, and the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study from World War II to the Cold War

This paper reconstructs,based on American and Chinese primary sources,the visits of Chinese mathematicians Shiing-shen Chern陈省身(Chen Xingshen)and Hua Luogeng华罗庚(Loo-Keng Hua)4 to the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in the United States in the 1940s,especially their interactions with Oswald Veblen and Hermann Weyl,two leading mathematicians at the IAS.It argues that Chern’s and Hua’s motivations and choices in regard to their transnational movements between China and the US were more nuanced and multifaceted than what is presented in existing accounts,and that socio-political factors combined with professional-personal ones to shape their decisions.The paper further uses their experiences to demonstrate the importance of transnational scientific interactions for the development of science in China,the US,and elsewhere in the twentieth century.

Prospects of Deliberative Global Governance

Global governance is often equated with international institutions such as the United Nations and the World Bank that were established after World War II to address problems transcending national borders. While these institutions incorporate norms of representative democracy that evolved in national societies, their legitimacy is often questioned on grounds of limited effectiveness and remoteness from the citizens they purportedly serve. The arguments of many democratic theorists that deliberation among ordinary citizens can legitimize policies that heed these views thus bear important implications for global governance. In this paper, the possibility and different ways that civil society enhancing public participation, transparency and accountability in global governance are addressed. The empirical focus will be on the world＇s first global deliberation--WWViews （world wide views on global warming） that was held in 38 countries with all inhabited continents in 2009. The social drivers that encourage innovation in global democratic governance are analysed, as the main successes and challenges of WWViews and sketch three scenarios of the future of deliberative global governance are based on the experiences and plans around global citizen participation. The authors argue that despite some challenges, such as ensuring high quality of deliberation in highly variant policy cultural contexts and building policy pathways conducive to political impact, the prospects of deliberation in helping solve global environmental and policy problems are high, and likely to see cumulative progress in the near future.

Capitalism, Internationalism, and Socialism in Times of Globalization

This paper will mention Marxist propositions, presented since the mid-19th century, about capitalism, socialism, and internationalism. According to Marx, socialism would replace capitalism and internationalism would occur through the dissolution of nation states. Later, Marxist circles presented a historical arrow in the form of 〉 capitalism 〉 socialism 〉 internationalism. Taking into account recent steps of globalization and measures imposed by national governments in the face of the deep financial crisis of 2008, it is interesting to compare the above theory with some historical events that have happened since the 19th century. Much has happened that Marx did not predict. Considering the world trajectory since the Second World War, it seems that the historical arrow has the form of 〉 capitalism 〉 internationalism 〉 hybridism of capitalism and socialism 〉？

The Risk Management of Companies From Timis County Involved in International Business

Rapid internationalization of economic activities following the Second World War has generated an unprecedented increase in international trade and capital flows. For example, only during 1963-1993, exports rose from 157 billion to 3.774 billion dollars. Also the flows of foreign direct investment （FDI） have grown exponentially. Although FDI flows are concentrated on developing countries, 80% being targeted towards 10 countries, capital flows towards the Third World have quadrupled only between 1990 and 1993. This trend towards a truly international economy influences also on how companies do business. International business environment provides many opportunities, as well as threats. Romanian companies need to align to this trend. In addition to identifying new opportunities to do business in foreign markets, they have to deal with specific risks, which they did not have to face when working internally. In this context, we consider necessary to launch an investigation, whose main objective would be analyzing the manner in which Romanian companies manage risks specific to international economic affairs. As the complexity of these businesses is great, and the majority of Romanian companies, in their attempt to internationalize, use classical forms of export-import, the analysis took into account only the export activity undertaken by Romanian companies. We mention that we did not take into account the determination of the exposure to these risks of the companies concerned, but an analysis of the management of those risks. For this analysis, data were collected based on the administration of a questionnaire, and these data were used to develop an econometric model analysis. The specific methods of risk analysis of specific export transactions are then interpreted using the GLOBE model.

Transatlantic Cooperation During the Second World War： The First Stages of Economic Cooperation During the ＂Phoney War＂

During the Second world war, the Franco-British cooperation included the organization of purchasing missions for airnautical material in the States. On 25 november 1939, a Franco-British agreement was set up to organize two purchasing missions in the United States under the control of a ＂Liaison Committee＂ supervised by the Treasury Secretary, Henry Morgenthau. Edouard Daladier, French Chief of Government, sent Ren6 Pleven to establish contacts with General Arnold （AirCorps）. The Franco-British financial contribution facilitated a main spurt in investments which help modernize the American products apparatus. First contacts were established on April 1940, to be delivered in September. While France had not be able to benefit from significant part of these orders, Great Britain would take over some units that were originally allocated to France. These contracts would later facilitate the development of transatlantic cooperation.

The Palmanova Cantonments： Conservation, Value-Enhancement and Transformation for an Integrated and Overall Regeneration

Italian military real-estate is highly varied as regards its location, intended uses, its typological, stylistic, and constructive features and its state of conservation. What historical and documental value can we attribute to the typological and technical aspects of military buildings？ What problems and strategies have to be studied before such buildings can be repurposed for inclusion into a circuit of social and civil uses？ Some attempts were made to answer these questions by analysing the military real estate of Palmanova, the fortress city founded by the Serenissima Republic of Venice in 1593, a city designed by engineers, military analysts, and expert military architects all answerable to the Fortifications Office of Venice. There are a number of barracks situated inside the city＇s fortified walls, within a somewhat confined area： Montezemolo, Isonzo, Ederle, Filzi, Montesanto and others in outlying villages. Barracks built in different periods （some during the Renaissance, others in the eighteenth century and some even after the Second World War） have been gradually phased out of service. Their restoration and functional leverage, in the early years of this century, were discussed in terms of an economic and cultural strategy that would not upset the city. New regeneration strategies are called for if these abandoned military structures are not to undergo further deterioration. These strategies should be based upon a knowledge of these structures＇ features--their layout, architecture, technologies--and should also embrace local policies, but first and foremost they require real, contextualized and economically sustainable projects.

In the Labyrinth of Memory Cultural Representations About the Warsaw Rising of 1945 in Polish Film and Media Narration

The Warsaw Uprising is one of the events key to understanding not only the history of Poland but also Central Europe and World War II. The Uprising shows that the war was not a simple fight of good against evil （as it often perceived in Western Europe） but that in fact three sides, each with different goals, were involved--two totalitarian systems and the world of Western democracies. Memory is a phenomenon that is directly related to the present; our perception of the past is always influenced by the present. The aim of the author＇s presentation is to examine how the collective memory of Polish people about the Warsaw Rising was changing. The author would argue that the remembrance of this event is situated between the communicative memory and cultural memory. To prove it, the author will examine two movies： Sewer （1956） by Andrzej Wajda, Eroica （1956） by Andrzej Munk, and the narrative exhibition of the Warsaw Rising Museum.

Carlo Bavagnoli＇s and Mario Dondero＇s Photojournalism in the Neorealist Italy in the Post-second World War （1950-1959）＂ An Uncensored Gaze

The article describes the activity of two Italian photographers： Carlo Bavagnoli （1932） and Mario Dondero （1928） In particular, it focuses on their debuts in the world of photojournalism in Italy since the early 1950s. First, it offers an overview of the national photographic research in the post-Second World War, underlining a significant evolution compared with the past and the complexity of the directions undertaken. Then, in the outlined context, it studies the work of the two photographers and their approach to a socially active photography, dwelling mainly on the relationships interwoven with the ruling publishing system. It also underlines the elements characterizing the nature of their reportages and the distance from an idea of image exploitation, derived from an always increasing interference of the political control over the images destined to mass communication. Both Dondero and Bavagnoli avoid any tendency to spectacularization and to the representative models typical of the common neorealist orientation, proposing an information founded on the effectiveness of narration, on the concreteness and immediacy of evidence; the first collaborations with the most progressive magazines testify the peculiarity of a method that both will coherently develop in the experiences matured outside the Italian context.

United States and France： Imprisonment and Torture From the End of WWII to the Algerian War

Mistreatment and violation of international laws are recurrent events during Second World War （WWII） and torture is a frequent method used in the Algerian War. This paper investigates the escalation of violence which, in some cases, degenerates into torture and offers a comparison between the situation of Axis Prisoners of War （1943-1946） and the imprisonment’s conditions in Algeria （1954-1962）. In spite of the temporal interval and different political contexts, in some cases there’s a strange “continuity”.

Changes in Post-World War II： Italians in Rochester, N.Y.

This article examines the major similarities and differences among Italians who migrated to Rochester, N.Y., before World War II and post-World War Ⅱ. It offers explanations on the similarities and differences among these two groups of migrants. Investigation of historical, sociological, and anthropological sources along with interviews among both populations provides abundant data bearing on the investigation. The successful completion of the research reported in this article has major bearing on the issue of migration itself, theories in history, sociology, and anthropology, and even on social psychological understanding of how choices are made and identity is formulated.

Deterritorializing the Nation： Deleuzian Time, Space and Narrative in the Video Art of Lia Lapithi Shukuroglou

The purpose of this paper is to engage with Gilles Deleuze＇s work on time and space in cinema as a theoretical trajectory for exploring the video art of Lia Lapithi Shukuroglou. In Cinema 2： The Time-Image （1989）, Deleuze argues that post-Second World War cinema has been shaped by a historical transformation compelling it to create new signs and images. Centering on the post-war landscape of Cyprus in 1974, the moment of ＂historical transformation＂ in Deleuze is transposed to this national context; examining Lapithi＇s response to the crisis of historical time in its relation to physical spaces. It negotiates a contextualized reading of three videos and argues that they manifest Deleuzian ＂time-images＂. These texts react to the territorialization of real spaces by deterritorializing official national history. Using Martin Jones＇ study, Deleuze, cinema and national identity： Narrative time in national contexts （2006） Lapithi＇s time-images are interpreted as ＂unruly＂ as they resist a linear narrative and destabilize public time. Contrary to Martin Jones＇s view that time-images constitute a temporary deviation from flowing national time, the author argues that Lapithi excavates alternative temporalities in perpetuity; whilst proposing that in the context of Cyprus the deterritorialization of space by time postpones the nation＇s identity.