均匀化退火等温冷却对Mg-10Al-1Zn镁合金组织性能的影响

对Mg-10Al-1Zn镁合金进行均匀化退火等温冷却处理,探讨等温温度和时间对β-Mg17Al12相析出形貌和合金力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：在420℃保温24h再经200~300℃保温1~6h后,β-Mg17Al12相均以层片状形态均匀析出。β-Mg17Al12相析出量随时间延长而增加,平均层片间距随等温温度升高而增大。合金在420℃保温24h再经250℃保温2h后,布氏硬度达到最高值80.1HB。

均匀化退火等温冷却对AZ91D镁合金组织性能的影响

研究了AZ91D镁合金均匀化退火处理后等温冷却过程中β-Mg17Al12析出相的尺寸和分布均匀性,探讨等温温度和时间对β-Mg17Al12相析出行为和形态乃至合金力学性能的影响。结果表明:在420℃保温20 h后在150~300℃等温冷却2~6 h,β-Mg17Al12相以层片状形态在晶内均匀析出,随着等温冷却保温时间的延长,β-Mg17Al12相析出量增加,且其平均层片间距随等温温度升高而增大。力学性能测试结果表明:经420℃均匀化退火20 h后在250℃等温冷却保温6 h,硬度从铸态的57.7 HB增加到83.9 HB,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别提高了28%和37%,抗压强度提高了49.6%,伸长率由铸态的2%增加到6.52%。

均匀化退火等温冷却对Mg-12Al-1Zn镁合金组织性能的影响

研究了均匀化退火等温冷却对石墨型铸造Mg-12Al-1Zn镁合金组织及性能的影响，探讨不同等温温度和保温时间对p- Mg17Al12相析出形貌和合金力学性能的影响.结果表明：合金在420℃固溶均匀化24h 后再分别经200℃、250℃、300℃等温冷却1~6h.β-Mg17Al12相相相析出量随着时间的延长而增加，形态也随着时间的延长发生变化，主要以层片状组织析出.合金在420℃保温24h 再经250益保温6h 后，布氏硬度达到最高值90.7H B.

等温冷却时间对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织转变及硬度的影响

通过OM、SEM、TEM和维氏硬度计等手段研究了不同等温冷却时间对Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢组织转变、析出行为及硬度的影响,探讨了影响硬度变化的因素。结果表明,Ti-V-Mo复合微合金钢奥氏体化后在630 ℃等温冷却0~3 h,随着等温时间的延长,基体中的铁素体比例不断增加而马氏体和贝氏体比例逐渐降低,硬度呈现先升高再趋于平稳,再升高至其最大值,最后略有下降。60~1200 s时,硬度出现平台是因为纳米级(Ti,V,Mo)C粒子的沉淀强化效果能够弥补相变导致基体软化造成的硬度损失;3600 s时,硬度达到最大值为457 HV,此时纳米级(Ti,V,Mo)C粒子产生的沉淀强化效果最佳。

冷却-等温-冷却处理过程硼的晶界偏聚

用径迹显微照相技术研究了含硼 10× 10 - 6和 30× 10 - 6的 Fe- 40 % Ni合金在模拟冷却 -等温 -冷却处理过程后硼的晶界偏聚特征。结果表明 ,在从 115 0℃以 2℃ / s冷速分别冷却到 110 0℃ ,10 0 0℃ ,90 0℃ ,80 0℃和 70 0℃保温 2 min,然后再以 2℃ / s冷速冷却到 6 0 0℃水淬的冷却 -等温 -冷却过程中 ,硼在晶界会形成明显的偏聚 ,晶界偏聚量随等温温度的下降先有所减少后增加 ,最低值在 10 0 0℃左右出现。含硼 10× 10 - 6 合金在 80 0℃以上温度等温后冷到 6 0 0℃时 ,试样晶界偏聚包括连续硼偏聚带及一定量含硼析出相 ,其它试样沿晶硼偏聚带中硼主要以析出相形式存在。实验还观察到在晶内亚晶界上也有明显的硼偏聚存在 ,并在偏聚带两侧存在有贫硼区。在晶粒晶界与亚结构相交处 。

多步连续冷却等温正火对20CrMnTiH钢锻后显微组织及性能的影响

20Cr Mn Ti H齿轮钢件在锻造后因奥氏体晶粒粗大,冷却后极易形成针状铁素体、网状铁素体和贝氏体等非平衡组织,影响后续的渗碳处理和切削加工。本文在实际工业生产条件下,研究了多步连续冷却等温正火对20Cr Mn Ti H钢锻坯显微组织及硬度的影响,研讨了这类钢中先共析铁素体的形态与形成条件以及控制方法。结果表明,采用适当的连续冷却等温正火工艺可精准控制这类钢中先共析铁素体形态,使得锻坯获得所要求的铁素体加珠光体组织,其晶粒大小可控制在4~6级,硬度在160~190 HBW范围之内。

Effect laws and mechanisms of different temperatures on isothermal tensile fracture morphologies of high-strength boron steel

The fracture behaviour and morphologies of high-strength boron steel were investigated at different temperatures at a constant strain rate of 0.1 s-1 based on isothermal tensile tests. Fracture mechanisms were also analyzed based on the relationship between microstructure transformation and continuous cooling transformation(CCT) curves. It is found that 1) fractures of the investigated steel at high temperatures are dimple fractures; 2) the deformation of high-strength boron steel at high temperatures accelerates diffusion transformations; thus, to obtain full martensite, a higher cooling rate is needed; and 3) the investigated steel has the best plasticity when the deformation temperature is 750 °C.

Isothermal Crystallization Behavior of Biodegradable Poly (butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) (PBST) Copolyesters at High Undercoolings

Poly （butylene succinatc-co-terephthalate） （PBST） copolycsters were prepared by polycondensation. The crystallization behavior of the as-prepared copolyesters was investigated by depolarized light intensity （DLI） at high undercoolings. According to Avrami equation, the exponent n, independent of the crystallization temperature, is at a range of 2. 5 to 3. 4, which probably corresponds to the heterogeneous mucleation and a 3-dimensional spherulitic growth. The maximum crystallization rate, very useful to polymer processing, was found at about 90℃ based on the half-crystallization time t1/2 analysis.

周期性热作用下相变材料内部相变传热特征实验研究

为了揭示周期性热作用下相变材料内部相变传热特征,为建筑外表相变隔热设计和计算提供支撑,本文设计制作了能模拟太阳运行、提供周期性加热的装置,并将正18烷封装于塑料圆桶容器中,使容器底部和侧面绝热,制作了测试试件。利用热电偶和巡检仪自动记录了周期性热作用下相变材料内部各层温度的变化。测试结果表明,在稳定周期性热作用下,材料内部相变传热特征主要可表述为:1)材料在非稳态周期性相变传热阶段,各层温度在达到相变温度点之前,温度变化明显;相界面会随着周期性加热次数的增加间断性地向内部扩展;温度平均值和振幅值向稳态周期性相变传热时的平均值和振幅值靠近。2)材料在稳态周期性相变传热阶段,内部各点温度也表现出与外界热作用等周期性变化,温度振幅从外到内依次减小。这与发生在固体中的周期性传热特性类似。但材料内温度变化呈现折转现象,在温度明显升高前出现等温滞后,在温度降低时会出现等温冷却。这与发生在固体中的传热现象有很大的区别。3)材料在稳定周期性热作用下,内部不会出现多个相界面共存现象。4)空气流速对相变材料中温度振幅和相界面移动速率都有较大影响,提高空气流速可以降低温度振幅和减慢相变进程。这意味着当相变材料用于建筑外表进行相变隔热时,可以通过组织自然通风减少其用量。

钢的热处理课堂讨论指示书

一、讨论目的:热处理工艺在产品的生产工艺过程中是很重要的一环,产品质量的好坏在很大程度上取决于热处理过程。因此,对从事机械制造类各专业的人员来讲,不但要了解各种工程材料,而且要了解材料的各种加工处理过程,尤其是热处理工艺过程。这样才能在生产实践中合理地选用材料,正确地选定热处理的工艺方法,合理地安排工艺路线。

Large exchange bias in magnetic shape memory alloys by tuning magnetic ground state and magnetic-field history

The exchange bias is of technological significance in magnetic recording and spintronic devices.Pursuing a large bias field is a long-term goal for the research field of magnetic shape memory alloys.In this work,a large bias field of 0.53 T is achieved in the Ni50Mn34In16-xFex(x=1,3,5)system by tuning the magnetic ground state(determined by the composition x)and the magnetic-field history(determined by the magnetic field HFCduring field cooling and the maximum field HMaxduring isothermal magnetization).The maximum volume fraction of the interfaces between the ferromagnetic clusters and antiferromagnetic matrix and the strong interfacial interaction are achieved by tuning the magnetic ground state and the magnetic-field history,which results in strong magnetic unidirectional anisotropy and the large exchange bias.Moreover,two guidelines were proposed to obtain the large bias field.Firstly,the composition with a magnetic ground state consisting of the dilute spin glass and the strong antiferromagnetic matrix is preferred to obtain a large bias field;secondly,tuning the magnetic-field history by enhancing HFCand reducing HMaxis beneficial to achieving large exchange bias.Our work provides an effective way for designing magnetically inhomogeneous compounds with large exchange bias.