旋转滑动弧等离子体重整制氢研究进展

近年来,等离子体制氢技术因系统启停迅速、可处理燃料种类多等优势得到研究者的广泛关注。旋转滑动弧等离子体为非热平衡等离子体,兼具热等离子体和冷等离子体特点,是等离子体重整燃料制氢领域的研究热点。文中简要介绍了旋转滑动弧等离子体重整制氢原理及其性能评价指标,主要对近5年来旋转滑动弧等离子体重整乙醇、甲醇及甲烷制氢的反应物转化率、氢气选择性以及能量效率的研究进展进行总结、分析与展望。基于当前研究现状,针对能量效率优化和氢气选择性改善提出了几点建议,认为优化电源设计、提高旋转滑动弧等离子体反应器与等离子体电源的阻抗匹配度以及旋转滑动弧等离子体重整制氢机理分析两方面还有大量研究工作待完成。研究表明,旋转滑动弧等离子体耦合催化床反应器使反应物转化率及氢气选择性均得到提升,是推动等离子体制氢技术发展的一个重要研究方向。

Experimental assessment of a plasma-catalyst hybrid reformer for hydrogen production via partial oxidation of dimethyl ether

In this work,hydrogen is produced from partial oxidation reforming of dimethyl ether （DME） by a plasma-catalyst hybrid reformer under atmospheric pressure.The plasma-catalyst hybrid reformer which includes both plasma and catalyst reactors is designed.A spark discharge is used as a non-equilibrium plasma source,and it is used to ionize the mixture of DME and air.The performances of the reformer are characterized experimentally in terms of gas concentrations,hydrogen yield,DME conversion ratio,and specific energy consumption.The effects of discharge frequency,reaction temperature,air-to-DME ratio and space velocity are investigated.The experimental results show that the plasma-catalyst hybrid reformer enhances hydrogen yield when reaction temperature drops below 620 ℃.At 450 ℃,hydrogen yield of hybrid reforming is almost three times that of catalyst reforming.When space velocity is 510 h-1,hydrogen yield is 67.7%,and specific energy consumption is 12.2 k J/L-H2.

Steam Reforming of Dimethyl Ether by Gliding Arc Gas Discharge Plasma for Hydrogen Production

Gliding arc gas discharge plasma was used for the generation of hydrogen from steam reforming of dimethyl ether(DME).A systemic procedure was employed to determine the suitable experimental conditions.It was found that DME conversion first increased up to the maximum and then decreased slightly with the increase of added water and air.The increase of total feed gas flow rate resulted in the decrease of DME conversion and hydrogen yield,but hydrogen energy consumption dropped down to the lowest as total feed gas flow rate increased to76 ml·min 1.Larger electrode gap and higher discharge voltage were advantageous.Electrode shape had an important effect on the conversion of DME and production of H2.Among the five electrodes,electrode 2#with valid length of 55 mm and the radian of 34 degrees of the top electrode section was the best option,which enhanced obviously the conversion of DME.

A Novel Method for Producing Hydrogen from a Hydrocarbon Liquid Using Microwave In-liquid Plasma

The in-liquid plasma method is a technology in which plasma of several thousand degrees Kelvin is generated within bubbles in a liquid. The purpose of this study is to enhance the hydrogen production rate from waste oils by using in-liquid plasma. Two types of microwave in-liquid plasma apparatus are adopted for hydrogen production. One is a conventional MW （microwave） oven, the other is a microwave generator with a waveguide to apply the in-liquid plasma steam reforming method in n-dodecane. The produced gas is 58%-90% hydrogen in these methods. The hydrogen production rate is improved by stabilization of the bubble growth. The gas production rate by plasma feeding steam in n-dodecane is 1.4 times higher than that without feeding steam.