酸碱染料离子的缔合及等色化

本文阐述了等色染料离子对形成的实验方法，等色染料离子对的缔合机理及其形式。用吸收光谱和能级图，从电子理论角度论述了等色染料离子对的缔合效应等色化，溶剂效应等色化机理。列表示出等色染料离子对的高灵敏度，从而证明了等色染料离子对的萃取光度，浮选光度及萃取荧光光度法是高灵敏度和超高灵敏度的新体系，为金属痕量和超痕量分析开辟了更为宽广的前景。

酸碱染料离子的缔合及等色化

本文阐述了萃取光度法中等色染料离子对的缔合机理,以及等色化机理;并通过实验数据介绍了离子对的筛选过程和应用结果。

Plasma methods for preparing green catalysts: Current status and perspective

Most current catalyst preparation methods cause pollution to air, water and land with the use of hazardous chemicals, lengthy operation time, high energy input and excessive water usage. The development of green catalyst preparation is necessary to prevent and eliminate waste from each step of the catalyst preparation. We summarize recent progress in the application of cold plasmas for green catalyst preparation. Cold plasma preparation can reduce the catalyst size, improve the dispersion and enhance catalyst-support interaction with the use of less or no hazardous chemicals. These improvements also lead to the enhancement of catalyst activity and stability. An alternative room temperature electron reduction with a non-hydrogen plasma as an electron source was developed for the reduction of noble metal ions in which no hazardous chemical reducing agent or hydrogen was needed. This creates many opportunities for the development of supported catalysts with heat sensitive substrates, including metal organic frameworks （MOFs）, covalent organic framework（COFs）, high surface area carbon, peptide, DNA, proteins and others. A novel floating metal catalyst on a water（or solution） surface has been established. Template removal using low temperature cold plasmas also leads to the formation of high surface area porous materials with characteristics that are normally only obtainable with high temperature calcination, but sintering can be avoided. Micro combustion has been developed for the removal of carbon template using cold plasma. This is promising for preparing many structured oxides in a simple way with no use of auxiliary chemicals. Many opportunities exist for the use of cold plasmas to make multi-metallic oxides. Some future development ideas are addressed.

CDH1 promoter polymorphism(-347G→GA) is a possible prognostic factor in sporadic colorectal cancer

AIM:To investigate the role of the-347G→GA polymorphism in the progression of colorectal cancer(CRC) .METHODS:We designed a case-control study based on a population of CRC patients in China and normal healthy controls with no history of tumors or inherited diseases.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) analyses were used to genotype the variants,and immunohistochemical staining was performed to measure the expression of E-cadherin in different allele cases among the CRC patients and normal controls.RESULTS:The GA-allele(G/GA heterozygous and GA/GA homozygous) did not increase the risk of CRC compared with the G-allele(OR = 1.232,95% CI = 0.898-1.691) .However,the frequencies of the GAallele were higher in poorly differentiated(P = 0.002) and proximal(P = 0.019) CRC patients than in normal controls.We also observed that E-cadherin expression was lower in poorly differentiated CRC patients than in well differentiated CRC patients(P = 0.001) .Furthermore,E-cadherin expression was lower for the GA-allele than for the G-allele(G/G heterozygous) in CRC patients(P = 0.018) .In contrast,there was no significant difference in E-cadherin expression for the G-allele and GA-allele in normal controls(P = 0.292) .CONCLUSION:The-347G→GA promoter polymorphism in E-cadherin gene is associated with specific CRC features,and may be a prognostic factor rather than a susceptibility factor during the progression of CRC.

The changing role of the state vis-à-vis higher education in a global context

Since the 1980s,a series of reforms that aimed to reconstruct the relationships among the government,the university,and the student(consumer)have been initiated in the systems of higher education.In varying degrees,these systems of higher education were affected by market forces.Given this,the relationship between the state and higher education has also been changed significantly.The purpose of this paper is to view recent changes in higher education in the historic context of globalization.It attempts to trace the source of these changes and to depict,against a new background,the new role of the state vis-à-vis higher education.It also seeks to illuminate the rationale behind the changing role of the state.By using the experiences of selected countries as illustrations,this paper will discuss the salient features of the state’s role change in various contexts.

Collisional Efect on Weibel Instability with Semi-Relativistic Maxwellian Distribution Function

In this paper, the Coulomb collisional effect of electron-ion on the growth rate of Weibel instability is investigated based on the semi-relativistic Maxwellian distribution function in dense and unmagnetized plasma. An analytical expression was derived for the dispersion relation of Weibel instability for two limit cases [ξ = ω＇/k‖T‖ 〉〉 1 and ｜ξ｜ 〈〈 1. In limit ｜ξ｜ 〉〉 1 the dispersion relation only includes a real part and in limit ｜ξ｜ 〈〈 1 the imaginary part of the frequency of waves＇ instability plays a role in the dispersion relation. In limit ｜ξ｜ 〈〈 1, the two quantities μ and η, that are due to the relativistic and collisional effects, will appear in the growth rate of Weibel instability. The growth rate of Weible istability will be increased through decreasing the Coulomb collisional frequency and also increasing the temperature anisotropic parameter in strong relativistic limit.