等面弱结构双支护在高支承应力煤巷中的应用

针对峰峰集团某矿S201巷道位于孤岛煤柱中以及向斜轴部的特殊地质条件,提出了等面弱结构双支护技术,详细介绍了其概念内涵、支护机理及布置方式,结合现场条件确定巷道支护参数并通过了现场实施。矿压监测结果表明,巷道支护效果良好,为类似高支承应力巷道的支护提供了借鉴。

等面图形堆垒问题

1998年河南省中学数学教师继续教育班在一次关于改变数学教学观念的讨论中,某老师提到创造问题培养学生发散性思维问题,举出下面的教学案例: ·问题:用7根火柴(或等长小棒)能组成几个等面图形?

John Duff的近作《等面圆环》

艺术家John Duff说：“我最感兴趣的是如何让被分解的元素能组合起来，形成一个意义更大的新的整体。”他的这一理念在他的近作《等面圆环》(《Equilateral Torus》)中得到了极好的体现．他在三个直径不一的金属圆环上营造出三个互不相交的凹凸四边形，让观众在看似古怪的表面形状中感受到了内在的逻辑。

基于网格梯度和形状因子的自由曲面透镜设计

采用基于梯度和形状因子的网格优化方法适配能量分布并提升映射关系的可积性,在光源投影单位圆和目标面内分别进行等量初始四边形网格划分,使节点一一对应,并构建网格面积和映射关系可积性的权重评价函数。在保证所有节点位置拓扑关系不变的条件下,通过面积差场梯度和形状因子迭代调整网格分布,使映射关系满足能量分布要求同时优化可积性。基于网格优化的映射关系求解自由曲面并生成透镜,仿真所得非均匀光斑满足设计要求。该方法简化了平滑映射关系的求解过程,可以作为一种高效设计方法用于非均匀自由曲面透镜设计。

用煮沸撕取法观察表皮气孔的方法

将三年生木枣、骏枣的组培苗叶片采摘后迅速放进煮沸的水中直到叶片由翠绿变成深绿色（1～2分钟），取出后迅速撕取叶片上不同部位的表皮，将叶片表皮染色压平后迅速进行镜检。结果表明，此方煮沸撕取法比用胶带粘取法和撕取下表皮法具有操作简单、速度快、真实性强、不受材料种类的限制、定位性能强等优点，适宜于气孔基本形态和分布状况等定性指标的观察，也适宜于气孔形态学指标的定量研究，同时解决了等面叶及其表面粘有附属物（腊质层、绒毛）的叶片表皮制片难问题。

中国红树植物的营养器官结构与生态适应(Ⅰ)

分布在广东和海南沿海的10科13属16种红树植物叶子的生态解剖表明,叶子具有角质层厚、木栓瘤、贮水组织和分泌组织发达等共同特征,充分显示了红树植物的趋同适应现象。

栽培大豆(Glycinemax)“汾豆-16”叶的抗盐结构研究

利用光学显微镜,对栽培大豆(Glycinemax(L.)Merr.)一品种"汾豆-16"的叶片解剖结构进行了光学技术研究,结果发现"汾豆-16"叶具有抗盐结构:叶片表面具有拟盐腺结构;叶表皮及其附属物具抗盐特征;叶肉结构向等面叶进化.表明"汾豆-16"是一个很好的抗盐大豆品种.

Phase equilibria of Mg-rich corner in Mg Zn Al ternary system at 300 °C

The phase equilibria and compositions in Mg-rich comer at 300℃ were determined in the Mg-Zn-A1 ternary system through the equilibrated alloy method by using X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） assisted with energy dispersive spectroscopy of X-ray （EDS）. The results show that there exist three three-phase regions consisted of a-Mg＋Mg17A112（7）＋A15Mg11Zn4（φ）, a-Mg＋Mga2（Al, Zn）49（r）＋A15MgllZn4（φ） and a-Mg＋MgZn＋Mg32（A1, Zn）49（r）, respectively. The intermetallic compounds in equilibrium with a-Mg phase all have large composition ranges, not appear to be linear. At the same time, both zinc and aluminum are soluble in the a-Mg solid solution, with which the compounds are in equilibrium.

罗布麻实生株茎和叶的解剖学观察

材料取自罗布麻第一年的实生株，结果看出，罗布麻茎的皮层厚度一般白麻较厚，红麻较薄，白麻新4茎的皮层厚度达350－400μm，而红麻晋1呈150μm。但纤维束白麻一般较小而少，红麻则一般较大也较多。茎的薄壁组织中红麻淀粉较多，白麻较少或极少，红麻木质部导管一般较大且多，白麻相对较小而少。罗布麻红，白麻叶有明显区别，红麻叶片背腹木质部导管一般较大且多，白麻相对较小而少。罗布麻红，白麻叶有明显区别，红麻叶片背腹性明显，背面有长形细胞构成紧密的栅栏面积，而腹面为圆形或长圆形细胞组成疏松的海组织，属两面叶。白麻叶片背腹性不明显，背腹面均有栅栏组织。属等面叶。白麻叶厚，叶横切面测定，白麻新1叶厚400－425μm，红麻鲁15叶厚度125－150μm。

Intermetallics and phase relations of Mg-Zn-Ce alloys at 400 ℃

The crystal structures,compositions and phase relations of the intermetallics of Mg-Zn-Ce system in the Mg-rich corner at 400 ℃ were identified through equilibrium alloy method.For Mg-Zn-Ce system,there is a linear ternary compound（T phase）,whose chemical formula is（Mg1-xZnx）11Ce.The range of Zn content in T phase is from 9.6% to 43.6%（molar fraction）.The crystal structure of T phase is C-centered orthorhombic lattice with lattice parameters of a=0.96-1.029 nm,b=1.115-1.204 nm,c=0.940-1.015 nm.And the lattice parameters of T phase are decreasing a little with increasing Zn content.According to the results of composition and crystal structure,the maximal solubility of Zn in Mg12Ce is about 7.8%（molar fraction）,and the chemical formula of the solid solution can be identified as（Mg1-xZnx）12Ce.The isothermal section of Mg-Zn-Ce system in Mg-rich corner at 400 ℃ was constructed.

Surface plasmon resonance-induced visible-light photocatalytic performance of silver/silver molybdate composites

Novel silver/silver molybdate（Ag/Ag2MoO4） composites with surface plasmon resonance（SPR）-enhanced photocatalytic performance were successfully fabricated via a facile one-pot hydrothermal route with the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） in this study.The as prepared silver/silver molybdate（Ag/Ag2MoO4） composites were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance absorption spectroscopy（DRS） in order to investigate their crystal structure,morphology and optical property as well.The photocatalytic activities of the composites were subsequently evaluated by their ability to degrade rhodamine B（RhB） under visible-light irradiation.Varies of controlled experiments were then carefully operated to gain a deep insight into the assembling of Ag/Ag2MoO4composites.It was found that preparation conditions such as pH,reaction time,and the amount of surfactant played important roles in the formation of composites with octahedral microstructures.And the composite obtained at 160 ℃ using 0.5 g of sodium dodecyl sulfate exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance under visible-light irradiation.Capture experiments were also conducted to clarify the function of different active species generated on the surface of Ag/Ag2MoO4during the photocatalytic process,in which both holes and ·OH radicals were found to play crucial role in photocatalytic removal of RhB under visible light irradiation.A possible photocatalytic mechanism of Ag/Ag2MoO4 was finally proposed on the basis of all the results to explain the higher photocatalytic activity of the octahedral Ag/Ag2MoO4 composites.It was inferred that the photoinduced ＂hot＂ electrons can quickly transfer from the Ag NPs to the conduction band of Ag2MoO4 and react with oxygen and H2O to generate a large quality of active radicals such as ·OH and ·O2^- because of the SPR effects.Besides,this SPR effects of Ag nanoparticles deposited on the surface of Ag2MoO4 can not only dramatically amplify its light absorption,especially in the visible region,but also promote the separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and effectively decrease electron-hole recombination.

Isothermal section of Mg-rich corner in Mg-Zn-Al ternary system at 335 °C

The phase equilibria and compositions at the Mg-rich corner of the Mg?Zn?Al ternary system at 335 °C were systemically investigated through the equilibrated alloy method by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assisted with energy dispersive spectroscopy of X-ray (EDS). It is experimentally testified that theα-Mg solid solution is not in equilibrium with the Mg32(Al, Zn)49 (τ) ternary intermetallic compound orq quasicrystalline phase, but only in equilibrium with one ternary intermetallic compound Al5Mg11Zn4 (φ). The whole composition range of theφ phase was also obtained at 335 °C, i.e., 52.5%?56.4% Mg, 13.6%?24.0% Al, 19.6%?33.9% Zn (mole fraction). The solubility of Al in the MgZn phase is remarkably more than that in the Mg7Zn3 phase, and the maximum is about 8.6% Al. Aluminum and zinc are simultaneously soluble in theα-Mg solid solution.

Recent developments in visible-light photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics

With the significant discharge of antibiotic wastewater into the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, antibiotic pollution has become a serious problem and presents a hazardous risk to the environment. To address such issues, various investigations on the removal of antibiotics have been undertaken. Photocatalysis has received tremendous attention owing to its great potential in removing antibiotics from aqueous solutions via a green, economic, and effective process. However, such a technology employing traditional photocatalysts suffers from major drawbacks such as light absorption being restricted to the UV spectrum only and fast charge recombination. To overcome these issues, considerable effort has been directed towards the development of advanced visible light-driven photocatalysts. This mini review summarises recent research progress in the state-of-the-art design and fabrication of photocatalysts with visible-light response for photocatalytic degradation of antibiotic wastewater. Such design strategies involve the doping of metal and non-metal into ultraviolet light-driven photocatalysts, development of new semiconductor photocatalysts, construction of heterojunction photocatalysts, and fabrication of surface plasmon resonance-enhanced photocatalytic systems. Additionally, some perspectives on the challenges and future developments in the area of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics are provided.

Triangular Au-Ag framework nanostructures prepared by multi-stage replacement and their spectral properties

Triangular Au-Ag framework nanostructures （TFN） were synthesized via a multi-step galvanic replacement reaction （MGRR） of single-crystalline triangular silver nanoplates in a chlorauric acid （HAuCl4） solution at room temperature. The morphological, compositional, and crystal structural changes involved with reaction steps were analyzed by using transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry （EDX）, and X-ray diffraction. TEM combined with EDX and selected area electron diffraction confirmed the replacement of Ag with Au. The in-plane dipolar surface plasmon resonance （SPR） absorption band of the Ag nanoplates locating initially at around 700 nm gradually redshifted to 1 100 nm via a multi-stage replacement manner after 7 stages. The adding amount of HAuCl4 per stage influenced the average redshift value per stage, thus enabled a fine tuning of the in-plane dipolar band. A proposed formation mechanism of the original Ag nanoplates developing pores while growing Au nanoparticles covering this underlying structure at more reaction steps was confirmed by exploiting surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS）.

齿轮耦合的转子-轴承系统非线性动力特性的研究

在考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙、脱齿、挤齿及齿背接触 等因素的情况下，建立了齿轮耦合的转子—滑动轴承系统的多自由度动力学模型。用数值方 法研究了该系统的质量不平衡响应，结果发现，由于齿轮时变啮合刚度的影响，随着转速的 增加，系统动力学响应首先由周期运动向准周期运动变化，当转速超过某一值时，系统的响应将由准周期运动发展为混沌运动；由于混沌运动，转子将沿齿轮中心线方向产生很大的变 形，脱齿、齿背接触及挤齿现象也将发生，可能导致系统产生破坏。

Mechanisms of surface charge development of serpentine mineral

The electrokinetic behavior and surface dissolution of serpentine mineral were studied through Zeta potential measurements, dissolution experiments and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that serpentine has an iso-electric point （IEP） of 11.9, which is higher than that of other phyllosilicate minerals. Dissolution experiments show that the hydroxyl is easy to dissolve with respect to the magnesium cations in the magnesium oxide octahedral sheet. As a result of hydroxyl dissolution, the magnesium ions are left on serpentine surface, which is responsible for serpentine surface charge. The removal of magnesium ions from serpentine surface by acid leaching results in a decrease of serpentine IEP. Therefore, it has been clearly established that the surface charge developed at the serpentine/aqueous electrical interface is a function of the serpentine surface incongruent dissolution.

Synthesis,characterization and photocatalytic performance of rod-shaped Pt/PbWO_4 composite microcrystals

Rod-shaped PbW O4 microcrystals of length 1 μm were fabricated by a hydrothermal route and subsequent calcination. Pt nanoparticles（NPs） of different contents（0.5 wt%,1 wt% and 2 wt%） were subsequently deposited on the PbW O4 microcrystals,producing robust Pt/PbW O4 composite microcrystals. The PbW O4 microcrystals and Pt/PbW O4 photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 sorption measurements,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron,photoluminescence,Fourier-transform infrared,and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopies. The photocatalytic performances of the catalysts were evaluated by the consecutive photocatalytic degradation of acid orange II dye. The Pt/PbW O4 composite microcrystals exhibited high photocatalytic activity and stability. The deposition of Pt NPs produced surface plasmon resonance（SPR）,which induced a large visible light absorption. A Pt NP content of 1-2 wt% resulted in an ~2 times increase in photocatalytic activity,compared with the activity of Pt/PbW O4. The crystal structure and high crystallinity of PbW O4 resulted in its favorable photocatalytic property,and the SPR effect of the Pt NPs promoted visible light harvesting. The Pt NPs also enhanced the separation of photo-generated electrons and holes,which further promoted the photocatalytic reaction.

Convenient synthesis of silver nanoplates with adjustable size through seed mediated growth approach

Silver nanoplates,with average thickness about 5 nm and average tunable size from 40 to 500 nm,were synthesized via a simple room-temperature solution-phase chemical reduction method in the presence of appropriate concentration of trisodium citrate and silver seeds.The optical in-plane dipole plasmon resonance bands of these silver plates could be tuned from 520 to 1100 nm.Control experiments were explored for understanding of the growth mechanism.It is found that both the amount of citrate ions and the small silver seeds added to the growth solution are the key to controlling the silver nanoplates without changing their thickness and crystal structure.Small silver seeds are found to play an important role in the formation of large thin silver nanoplates when poly（vinylpyrrolidone）（PVP） are used as capping agent.

Tribological behaviors of Fe-Al-Cr-Nb alloyed layer deposited on 45 steel via double glow plasma surface metallurgy technique

Double glow plasma surface metallurgy technique was used to fabricate a Fe?Al?Cr?Nb alloyed layer onto the surface of the 45 steel. The microstructures and composition of th?eA Fl?eCr?Nb alloyed layer were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicate thatthe 20 μm alloyed layer is homogeneous and compact. The alloyed elements exhibit a gradient distribution along the cross section. Microhardness and nanoindentation tests imply that the surface hardness of the alloyed layer reaches HV 580, which is almost 2.8 times that of the substrate. Compared with the substrate, the alloyed layer has a much smaller displacement and a larger elastic modulus. According to the friction and wear tests at room temperature, the? FeAl?Cr?Nb alloyed layer has lower friction coefficient and less wear mass, implying that the Fe?Al?Cr?Nb alloyed layer can effectively improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of the substrate.

我给爸爸过生日

正月初六是我爸爸的40岁生日,我要给他一个特殊的惊喜——亲手给爸爸做一个生日蛋糕。爸爸生日的前一天晚上,我和妈妈就开始做蛋糕了。步骤是这样的:在盘子里放一些水,往里面打六个鸡蛋,然后,放一些面粉和白糖,再放一点发酵粉,搅拌均匀。等面发起来了,倒进电饭锅里蒸上就好了。