To improve question answering （QA） performance based on real-world web data sets,a new set of question classes and a general answer re-ranking model are defined.With pre-defined dictionary and grammatical analysis,t...To improve question answering （QA） performance based on real-world web data sets,a new set of question classes and a general answer re-ranking model are defined.With pre-defined dictionary and grammatical analysis,the question classifier draws both semantic and grammatical information into information retrieval and machine learning methods in the form of various training features,including the question word,the main verb of the question,the dependency structure,the position of the main auxiliary verb,the main noun of the question,the top hypernym of the main noun,etc.Then the QA query results are re-ranked by question class information.Experiments show that the questions in real-world web data sets can be accurately classified by the classifier,and the QA results after re-ranking can be obviously improved.It is proved that with both semantic and grammatical information,applications such as QA, built upon real-world web data sets, can be improved,thus showing better performance.展开更多
Since the Jost solutions of the DNLS equation does not tend to the free Jost solutioins as ｜λ｜→∞, the usual inverse scattering transform （IST） must be revised. Beside the Kaup and Newell＇s approach, we propose...Since the Jost solutions of the DNLS equation does not tend to the free Jost solutioins as ｜λ｜→∞, the usual inverse scattering transform （IST） must be revised. Beside the Kaup and Newell＇s approach, we propose a simple revision in constructing the equations of IST, where the usual Zakharov-Shabat kern is revised by multiplying λ^-2 or λ^-1. To justify the revision we show that the Jost solutions obtained do satisfy the pair of compatibility equations.展开更多
In this paper,using the existence and comparison result for the quasi-monotone increasing system developed by C V Pao,the upper and lower solutions principle and an iterative method,we investigate the existence of the...In this paper,using the existence and comparison result for the quasi-monotone increasing system developed by C V Pao,the upper and lower solutions principle and an iterative method,we investigate the existence of the positive solutions of the Volterra-Lotka cooperating model.展开更多
One of the key challenges for question answering is to bridge the lexical gap between questions and answers because there may not be any matching word between them. Machine translation models have been shown to boost ...One of the key challenges for question answering is to bridge the lexical gap between questions and answers because there may not be any matching word between them. Machine translation models have been shown to boost the performance of solving the lexical gap problem between question-answer pairs. In this paper, we introduce an attention-based deep learning model to address the answer selection task for question answering. The proposed model employs a bidirectional long short-term memory （LSTM） encoder-decoder, which has been demonstrated to be effective on machine translation tasks to bridge the lexical gap between questions and answers. Our model also uses a step attention mechanism which allows the question to focus on a certain part of the candidate answer. Finally, we evaluate our model using a benchmark dataset and the results show that our approach outperforms the existing approaches. Integrating our model significantly improves the performance of our question answering system in the TREC 2015 LiveQA task.展开更多
The hyperbolic function method for nonlinear wave equations ispresented. In support of a computer algebra system, many exact solitary wave solutions of a class of nonlinear wave equations are obtained via the method. ...The hyperbolic function method for nonlinear wave equations ispresented. In support of a computer algebra system, many exact solitary wave solutions of a class of nonlinear wave equations are obtained via the method. The method is based on the fact that the solitary wave solutions are essentially of a localized nature. Writing the solitary wave solutions of a nonlinear wave equation as the polynomials of hyperbolic functions, the nonlinear wave equation can be changed into a nonlinear system of algebraic equations. The system can be solved via Wu Elimination or Grbner base method. The exact solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear wave equation are obtained including many new exact solitary wave solutions.展开更多
基金Microsoft Research Asia Internet Services in Academic Research Fund(No.FY07-RES-OPP-116)the Science and Technology Development Program of Tianjin(No.06YFGZGX05900)
文摘To improve question answering （QA） performance based on real-world web data sets,a new set of question classes and a general answer re-ranking model are defined.With pre-defined dictionary and grammatical analysis,the question classifier draws both semantic and grammatical information into information retrieval and machine learning methods in the form of various training features,including the question word,the main verb of the question,the dependency structure,the position of the main auxiliary verb,the main noun of the question,the top hypernym of the main noun,etc.Then the QA query results are re-ranked by question class information.Experiments show that the questions in real-world web data sets can be accurately classified by the classifier,and the QA results after re-ranking can be obviously improved.It is proved that with both semantic and grammatical information,applications such as QA, built upon real-world web data sets, can be improved,thus showing better performance.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10534030 and 10375041
文摘Since the Jost solutions of the DNLS equation does not tend to the free Jost solutioins as ｜λ｜→∞, the usual inverse scattering transform （IST） must be revised. Beside the Kaup and Newell＇s approach, we propose a simple revision in constructing the equations of IST, where the usual Zakharov-Shabat kern is revised by multiplying λ^-2 or λ^-1. To justify the revision we show that the Jost solutions obtained do satisfy the pair of compatibility equations.
文摘In this paper,using the existence and comparison result for the quasi-monotone increasing system developed by C V Pao,the upper and lower solutions principle and an iterative method,we investigate the existence of the positive solutions of the Volterra-Lotka cooperating model.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program （973） of China （Nos. 2013CB329601 and 2013CB329604） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 61372191, 61202362, and 61472433）
文摘One of the key challenges for question answering is to bridge the lexical gap between questions and answers because there may not be any matching word between them. Machine translation models have been shown to boost the performance of solving the lexical gap problem between question-answer pairs. In this paper, we introduce an attention-based deep learning model to address the answer selection task for question answering. The proposed model employs a bidirectional long short-term memory （LSTM） encoder-decoder, which has been demonstrated to be effective on machine translation tasks to bridge the lexical gap between questions and answers. Our model also uses a step attention mechanism which allows the question to focus on a certain part of the candidate answer. Finally, we evaluate our model using a benchmark dataset and the results show that our approach outperforms the existing approaches. Integrating our model significantly improves the performance of our question answering system in the TREC 2015 LiveQA task.
基金This work was supported by the National 973 Project (Grant No. G1998030600) Post-doctoral Foundation .
文摘The hyperbolic function method for nonlinear wave equations ispresented. In support of a computer algebra system, many exact solitary wave solutions of a class of nonlinear wave equations are obtained via the method. The method is based on the fact that the solitary wave solutions are essentially of a localized nature. Writing the solitary wave solutions of a nonlinear wave equation as the polynomials of hyperbolic functions, the nonlinear wave equation can be changed into a nonlinear system of algebraic equations. The system can be solved via Wu Elimination or Grbner base method. The exact solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear wave equation are obtained including many new exact solitary wave solutions.
