Twenty species of seaweed were collected from the coast of Zhejiang, China, extracted with ethanol, and screened for algicidal activity against red tide microalgae H eterosigma akashiwo and Prorocentrum micans. Inhibi...Twenty species of seaweed were collected from the coast of Zhejiang, China, extracted with ethanol, and screened for algicidal activity against red tide microalgae H eterosigma akashiwo and Prorocentrum micans. Inhibitory eff ects of fresh and dried tissues of green alga U lva intestinalis were assessed and the main algicidal compounds were isolated, purifi ed, and identifi ed. Five seaweed species, U. intestinalis, U. fasciata, Grateloupia romosissima, Chondria crassicaulis, and Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, were investigated for their algicidal activities. Fresh tissues of 8.0 and 16.0 mg/m L of U. intestinalis dissolved in media signifi cantly inhibited growth of H. akashiwo and P. micans, respectively. Dried tissue and ethyl acetate(Et OAc) extracts of U. intestinalis at greater than 1.2 and 0.04 mg/m L, respectively, were fatal to H. akashiwo, while its water and Et OAc extracts in excess of 0.96 and 0.32 mg/m L, respectively, were lethal to P. micans. Three algicidal compounds in the Et OAc extracts were identifi ed as 15-ethoxy-(6z,9z,12z)-hexadecatrienoic acid(I),(6E,9E,12E)-(2-acetoxy- β- D-glucose)-octadecatrienoic acid ester(II) and hexadecanoic acid(III). Of these, compound II displayed the most potent algicidal activity with IC_(50) values of 4.9 and 14.1 μg/m L for H. akashiwo and P. micans, respectively. Compound I showed moderate algicidal activity with IC_(50) values of 13.4 and 24.7 μg/m L for H. akashiwo and P. micans, respectively. These fi ndings suggested that certain macroalgae or products therefrom could be used as ef fective biological control agents against red tide algae.展开更多
Antimicrobial activity of extracts of local plants was evaluated, with two strain i.e E. coil and S. aurri （gram positive and gram negative） microorganisms. The in vitro anti bacterial activity was performed by agar...Antimicrobial activity of extracts of local plants was evaluated, with two strain i.e E. coil and S. aurri （gram positive and gram negative） microorganisms. The in vitro anti bacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion method. The most active antibacterial plants were S. trifiliatus and A. mexicana. The significant antibacterial activity of active extracts was compared with the standered, antimicrobics, streptomycin （10 μg/disc）. The results obtained in the present study suggest that S. trifoliatus and A. mexicana can be used in treating diseases caused by the test organism.展开更多
DR （diabetic retinopathy） is a most probable reason of blindness in adults, but the only remedy or escape from blindness is that we have to detect DR as early. Several automated screening techniques are used to dete...DR （diabetic retinopathy） is a most probable reason of blindness in adults, but the only remedy or escape from blindness is that we have to detect DR as early. Several automated screening techniques are used to detect individual lesions in the retina. Still it takes more dependency of time and experts. To overcome those problems and also automatically detect DR in easier and faster way, we took into soft computing approaches in our proposed work. Our proposed work will discuss several amounts of soft computing algorithms, it can detect DR features （landmark and retinal lesions） in an easy manner. Processes includes are： （1） Pre-processing; （2） Optic disc localization and segmentation; （3） Localization of fovea; （4） Blood vessel segmentation; （5） Feature extraction; （6） Feature selection; Finally （7） detection of diabetic retinopathy stages （mild, moderate, severe and PDR）. Our experimental results based on Matlab simulation and it takes databases of STARE and DRIVE. Proposed effective soft computing approaches should improve the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Plants produce a variety of useful bio- active materials that have been used to cure differ- ent ailments of human beings. With the same idea in mind, the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of ...OBJECTIVE： Plants produce a variety of useful bio- active materials that have been used to cure differ- ent ailments of human beings. With the same idea in mind, the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of Solanum surrattense were screened for antibacterial, antifungal, phytotoxic and heamag- glutination activities. METHODS： Standardized assays were followed for the determination of antibacterial, antifungal phy- totoxic and heamagglutination activity. RESULTS： The results of the antibacterial showed that crude methanolic extract was significantly ac- tive against Staphylococcus aureus （86%） The n- hexane fraction showed good activity against Pseu- domonas aerogenosa （66.6%） and Bacillus subtilus （66.6%）. The crude methanolic extract and various fractions were inactive against all test fungi. The crude methanolic extract, n-hexane, CHCI3 and aqueous fractions showed moderate phytotoxic ac- tivities of 46.67%, 40.00%, 33.34% and 33.34% re- spectively at 1000 pg/mL. The crude methanolic ex- tract and various fractions S. surrattense were un- able to aqqlutinate RBCs of the human blood indi-cating that this species lack phytolectins. CONCLUSION： The test sample showed significant antibacterial activity, no antifungal and heamagglu- tination activity while moderate phytotoxic was ob- served against Lemna minor L.展开更多
In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor （GPCR） regul...In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor （GPCR） regulation mechanism and destabilized enhanced green fluorescent protein （d2EGFP） reporter gene technique. The positive cell clone was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and imaging analysis. To assess the value of this model, we screened over 2000 high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）-fractionated samples from the ethanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs. Six fractions （isolated from Panax japonicus, Veratrum nigrum, Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, Chaenomeles speciosa, and Dictamnus dasycarpus） showed significant effects on active reporter gene expression, three of which （isolated from Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, and Chaenomeles speciosa） were selected for further concentration response analysis and the half maximal effective concentration （EC1/2 max） values were 4.2, 2.7, and 4.8 μg/ml, respectively. Therefore, this reporter gene assay was suitable for screening β2-adrenoceptor agonists. The results suggest that the six herbal extracts are the possible agonists of β2-adrenoceptor.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.40876073,41276122)the Doctoral Fund of the Ministry of Education(No.20123305110002)the K.C.Wong Magna Fund from Ningbo University
文摘Twenty species of seaweed were collected from the coast of Zhejiang, China, extracted with ethanol, and screened for algicidal activity against red tide microalgae H eterosigma akashiwo and Prorocentrum micans. Inhibitory eff ects of fresh and dried tissues of green alga U lva intestinalis were assessed and the main algicidal compounds were isolated, purifi ed, and identifi ed. Five seaweed species, U. intestinalis, U. fasciata, Grateloupia romosissima, Chondria crassicaulis, and Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, were investigated for their algicidal activities. Fresh tissues of 8.0 and 16.0 mg/m L of U. intestinalis dissolved in media signifi cantly inhibited growth of H. akashiwo and P. micans, respectively. Dried tissue and ethyl acetate(Et OAc) extracts of U. intestinalis at greater than 1.2 and 0.04 mg/m L, respectively, were fatal to H. akashiwo, while its water and Et OAc extracts in excess of 0.96 and 0.32 mg/m L, respectively, were lethal to P. micans. Three algicidal compounds in the Et OAc extracts were identifi ed as 15-ethoxy-(6z,9z,12z)-hexadecatrienoic acid(I),(6E,9E,12E)-(2-acetoxy- β- D-glucose)-octadecatrienoic acid ester(II) and hexadecanoic acid(III). Of these, compound II displayed the most potent algicidal activity with IC_(50) values of 4.9 and 14.1 μg/m L for H. akashiwo and P. micans, respectively. Compound I showed moderate algicidal activity with IC_(50) values of 13.4 and 24.7 μg/m L for H. akashiwo and P. micans, respectively. These fi ndings suggested that certain macroalgae or products therefrom could be used as ef fective biological control agents against red tide algae.
文摘Antimicrobial activity of extracts of local plants was evaluated, with two strain i.e E. coil and S. aurri （gram positive and gram negative） microorganisms. The in vitro anti bacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion method. The most active antibacterial plants were S. trifiliatus and A. mexicana. The significant antibacterial activity of active extracts was compared with the standered, antimicrobics, streptomycin （10 μg/disc）. The results obtained in the present study suggest that S. trifoliatus and A. mexicana can be used in treating diseases caused by the test organism.
文摘DR （diabetic retinopathy） is a most probable reason of blindness in adults, but the only remedy or escape from blindness is that we have to detect DR as early. Several automated screening techniques are used to detect individual lesions in the retina. Still it takes more dependency of time and experts. To overcome those problems and also automatically detect DR in easier and faster way, we took into soft computing approaches in our proposed work. Our proposed work will discuss several amounts of soft computing algorithms, it can detect DR features （landmark and retinal lesions） in an easy manner. Processes includes are： （1） Pre-processing; （2） Optic disc localization and segmentation; （3） Localization of fovea; （4） Blood vessel segmentation; （5） Feature extraction; （6） Feature selection; Finally （7） detection of diabetic retinopathy stages （mild, moderate, severe and PDR）. Our experimental results based on Matlab simulation and it takes databases of STARE and DRIVE. Proposed effective soft computing approaches should improve the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
文摘OBJECTIVE： Plants produce a variety of useful bio- active materials that have been used to cure differ- ent ailments of human beings. With the same idea in mind, the crude methanolic extract and various fractions of Solanum surrattense were screened for antibacterial, antifungal, phytotoxic and heamag- glutination activities. METHODS： Standardized assays were followed for the determination of antibacterial, antifungal phy- totoxic and heamagglutination activity. RESULTS： The results of the antibacterial showed that crude methanolic extract was significantly ac- tive against Staphylococcus aureus （86%） The n- hexane fraction showed good activity against Pseu- domonas aerogenosa （66.6%） and Bacillus subtilus （66.6%）. The crude methanolic extract and various fractions were inactive against all test fungi. The crude methanolic extract, n-hexane, CHCI3 and aqueous fractions showed moderate phytotoxic ac- tivities of 46.67%, 40.00%, 33.34% and 33.34% re- spectively at 1000 pg/mL. The crude methanolic ex- tract and various fractions S. surrattense were un- able to aqqlutinate RBCs of the human blood indi-cating that this species lack phytolectins. CONCLUSION： The test sample showed significant antibacterial activity, no antifungal and heamagglu- tination activity while moderate phytotoxic was ob- served against Lemna minor L.
基金Project (No. 30873103) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor （GPCR） regulation mechanism and destabilized enhanced green fluorescent protein （d2EGFP） reporter gene technique. The positive cell clone was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and imaging analysis. To assess the value of this model, we screened over 2000 high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）-fractionated samples from the ethanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs. Six fractions （isolated from Panax japonicus, Veratrum nigrum, Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, Chaenomeles speciosa, and Dictamnus dasycarpus） showed significant effects on active reporter gene expression, three of which （isolated from Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii lmmaturus, and Chaenomeles speciosa） were selected for further concentration response analysis and the half maximal effective concentration （EC1/2 max） values were 4.2, 2.7, and 4.8 μg/ml, respectively. Therefore, this reporter gene assay was suitable for screening β2-adrenoceptor agonists. The results suggest that the six herbal extracts are the possible agonists of β2-adrenoceptor.
