发展适合国情的节能墙体技术

随着我国城市化进程的加快,巨大的建筑总量、建筑节能的全面推进、"禁实"范围的持续扩大,极大地促进了墙体构造及墙体材料的多样化发展。但现有的自保温墙体技术和复合墙体保温技术由于施工过程复杂,与我国复杂的气候条件以及非专业化施工的行业现状不相适应。节能墙体技术路线应朝着简化施工过程,减少非专业施工的方向调整。用工厂化生产的多功能产品构造、大大减少现场施工完成的节能墙体构造,是必然的发展方向。

我国节能墙体技术路线发展方向的思考

我国正处于大规模的城市化进程中。巨大的建筑总量、全面性的建筑节能要求、持续扩大范围的"禁实"、极大的促进了墙体构造多样化、墙体材料多样化的巨大的技术变革。现有的自保温墙体技术和复合墙体保温技术在这种剧烈变革中,由于其复杂的施工过程,与我国复杂的气候条件影响及非专业化施工的行业状态,已产生了不适应现实要求的矛盾。节能墙体技术路线应朝着简化施工过程,减少非专业施工队伍施工因素对工程质量影响程度的方向调整。用工厂化生产的多功能产品构造、大大减少现场施工完成的节能墙体构造是必然的发展方向。

New Development of Port Structures Design and Construction

Some new innovative constructions and technologies for improvement of port structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to increase structures＇ reliability, to decrease cost of construction and maintenance, to simplify technology and cost of building. For these purposes either some main bearing elements or structures in whole are modified or improved. In particular different improved waterfront constructions as well as retaining walls and coastal protection （gravity, piled, sheet piling, etc.） for use in various soil conditions are outlined. One of them incorporates trapezoidal blocks forming columns, each block in the column contacts the others either with smaller or larger bases. Another design incorporates blocks that are constructed with holes ran through the centres of gravity of the blocks. Rigid cylinder element running through the holes of several adjacent blocks allows them to be joined forming large size units, The structure consisting of wedge form retaining wall is original but simple to construct, Some new designs based on perfection of sheet-piling walls （sheet piles with curvilinear cross-section having a form of semi-rings） are proposed for different applications. Proposals on modernization of some traditional structures and technologies are discussed.

蒙内铁路双固定墩设计研究

介绍肯尼亚蒙内铁路不同高度的双固定桥墩设计、配筋方法及工程简化方案。