Objective： The aim of the research was to investigate efficacy of dried bio-floc supplemented with immuno-stimulants as beta-glucan and nucleotide on mortality rate and relative percent survival （RPS） of tilapia in...Objective： The aim of the research was to investigate efficacy of dried bio-floc supplemented with immuno-stimulants as beta-glucan and nucleotide on mortality rate and relative percent survival （RPS） of tilapia infected with Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01. Materials and Methods： A research was performed in 1-inch long tilapia stimulated its immunity by infection with Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01. Pathogenesis of 0.2 mL Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01 in the range of 10^2-10^8 mL-1 fish^-1 was injected into its intraperitoneal injection and intramuscular injection and suitable concentrations were screened to obtain for further experiment in a late restage. Based on data of minimal concentration, 50% mortality rate was caused and it was found the concentration of 108 mL^-1 fish^-1 caused 100% mortality rate and no lethal rate was found in other concentrations. Afterwards, efficacy of bio-floc sediment on survival rate of Tilapia infected with Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01 was examined. Completely randomized design was employed and experiments were divided into 4 treatment： （1） contxol-commercial feed only, （2） commercial feed attached with dried bio-floc, （3） commercial feed attached with bio-floc and beta-glucan and （4） commercial feed attached with bio-floc and nucleotide. Experiment design was performed as 3 replicates with 10 fishes/replicates in 24 inch glass aquarium. Analysis of difference was performed and determination of mean differences of mortality rate mad relative percent survival was done through Duncan＇s Multiple Range Test （p 〈 0.05）. Results and Discussions： It was demonstrated feeding tilapia with commercial feed in combination with dried bio-floc with or without supplementation of 2 immuno-stimulants could lead to 100% survival rate and 100% relative percent survival rate and it was statistically significant different （p 〈 0.05） compared to control group. Bio-floc product supplemented with beta glucan or nucleotide could effectively stimulate immunity against Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01 and such high effective performance is viewed as a promising potential product to be further developed and practically employed for sake of aquaculture industry in the near future.展开更多
Knowledge on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials(ENMs) and biological systems is critical both for the assessment of biological effects of ENMs and for the rational design of ENM-based products. However,...Knowledge on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials(ENMs) and biological systems is critical both for the assessment of biological effects of ENMs and for the rational design of ENM-based products. However, probing the events that occur at the nano-bio interface remains extremely challenging due to their complex and dynamic nature. So far, the understanding of mechanisms underlying nano-bio interactions has been mainly limited by the lack of proper analytical techniques with sufficient sensitivity, selectivity and resolution for characterization of nano-bio interface events. Moreover, many classic bioanalytical methods are not suitable for direct measurement of nano-bio interface interactions. These have made establishing analytical methodologies for systematic and comprehensive study of nano-bio interface one of the most focused areas in nanobiology. In this review we have discussed some representative developments regarding analytical techniques for nano-bio interface characterization, including the improvements of traditional methods and the emergence of powerful new technologies. These developments have allowed ultrasensitive, real-time analysis of interactions between ENMs and biomolecules, transformations of ENMs in biological environment, and impacts of ENMs on living systems on molecular or cellular level.展开更多
文摘Objective： The aim of the research was to investigate efficacy of dried bio-floc supplemented with immuno-stimulants as beta-glucan and nucleotide on mortality rate and relative percent survival （RPS） of tilapia infected with Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01. Materials and Methods： A research was performed in 1-inch long tilapia stimulated its immunity by infection with Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01. Pathogenesis of 0.2 mL Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01 in the range of 10^2-10^8 mL-1 fish^-1 was injected into its intraperitoneal injection and intramuscular injection and suitable concentrations were screened to obtain for further experiment in a late restage. Based on data of minimal concentration, 50% mortality rate was caused and it was found the concentration of 108 mL^-1 fish^-1 caused 100% mortality rate and no lethal rate was found in other concentrations. Afterwards, efficacy of bio-floc sediment on survival rate of Tilapia infected with Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01 was examined. Completely randomized design was employed and experiments were divided into 4 treatment： （1） contxol-commercial feed only, （2） commercial feed attached with dried bio-floc, （3） commercial feed attached with bio-floc and beta-glucan and （4） commercial feed attached with bio-floc and nucleotide. Experiment design was performed as 3 replicates with 10 fishes/replicates in 24 inch glass aquarium. Analysis of difference was performed and determination of mean differences of mortality rate mad relative percent survival was done through Duncan＇s Multiple Range Test （p 〈 0.05）. Results and Discussions： It was demonstrated feeding tilapia with commercial feed in combination with dried bio-floc with or without supplementation of 2 immuno-stimulants could lead to 100% survival rate and 100% relative percent survival rate and it was statistically significant different （p 〈 0.05） compared to control group. Bio-floc product supplemented with beta glucan or nucleotide could effectively stimulate immunity against Flavobacterium columnare, VETSV01 and such high effective performance is viewed as a promising potential product to be further developed and practically employed for sake of aquaculture industry in the near future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21320102003, 31200752, 31661130152, 11435002)the National Distinguished Young Scientists Program (31325010)
文摘Knowledge on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials(ENMs) and biological systems is critical both for the assessment of biological effects of ENMs and for the rational design of ENM-based products. However, probing the events that occur at the nano-bio interface remains extremely challenging due to their complex and dynamic nature. So far, the understanding of mechanisms underlying nano-bio interactions has been mainly limited by the lack of proper analytical techniques with sufficient sensitivity, selectivity and resolution for characterization of nano-bio interface events. Moreover, many classic bioanalytical methods are not suitable for direct measurement of nano-bio interface interactions. These have made establishing analytical methodologies for systematic and comprehensive study of nano-bio interface one of the most focused areas in nanobiology. In this review we have discussed some representative developments regarding analytical techniques for nano-bio interface characterization, including the improvements of traditional methods and the emergence of powerful new technologies. These developments have allowed ultrasensitive, real-time analysis of interactions between ENMs and biomolecules, transformations of ENMs in biological environment, and impacts of ENMs on living systems on molecular or cellular level.
