短视频用户算法操纵影响因素研究——基于信息技术认同视角

在信息技术高度发展的当下,算法深度嵌入人们的日常生活。用户从原来“技术无意识”状态中逐渐体现出主体性和能动性,用户对算法的能动性实践及其影响因素成为算法研究新的关注点。聚焦表征用户试图改变算法运作结果的“算法操纵”行为,发现了认同(identity)在用户算法实践中的重要性,将信息技术认同(Information Technology Identity)作为考察短视频用户算法操纵新的理论视角,以对算法有所意识的短视频用户作为研究对象,考察信息技术认同对短视频用户算法操纵的影响及其前因。结果显示:(1)信息技术认同正向影响短视频用户的合作型算法操纵,负向影响短视频用户的反抗型算法操纵;(2)感知可解释性、感知公平、感知回应、算法自我效能正向影响短视频用户对算法的信息技术认同,并通过信息技术认同的中介作用影响合作型算法操纵和反抗型算法操纵;(3)感知平台监视负向影响短视频用户对算法的信息技术认同,并通过信息技术认同的中介作用影响合作型算法操纵和反抗型算法操纵;(4)感知自由威胁负向影响短视频用户对算法的信息技术认同,并通过信息技术认同的中介作用影响反抗型算法操纵。

智能算法对高校思想政治教育的风险挑战与治理路径

智能算法与思想政治教育的高度契合,加速推动着其在高校的关联应用,也重构着高校思想政治教育的网络生态。智能算法在为高校思想政治教育技术赋能的同时,也因算法裹挟、算法操纵等影响潜藏着威胁意识形态安全、阻隔思想政治引领、消解主流价值认知、加剧青年群体极化等风险。为走出算法困境、规避算法风险,高校思想政治教育应推动算法治理,重塑算法场域价值生态;加强算法协同,弥补算法工具理性缺陷;发挥算法优势,强化算法主流价值导向;普及算法教育,提升高校师生算法素养。

算法潜意识操纵的理论问题和规制标准

算法潜意识操纵作为算法操纵的一种类型,通过“暗黑模式”和“交互模式”达成其控制目的。传统程序正义理念无法完全应对算法潜意识操纵带来的挑战,一方面,以算法权力为支撑的潜意识操纵覆盖范围广、隐蔽性强,亟需程序对权力滥用的控制;另一方面,具有程序特征的算法本身不符合传统正当程序。算法潜意识操纵对个人自主性与决策参与性产生冲击,欧盟等国家与地区的立法实践中已有不少行为规范的制度设计,但操作性相对不强。程序正义理论顺应时代的发展形成算法程序正义,在确立以人为本的基础上,构造实体性正当程序与程序性正当程序,形成“数据收集—数据处理—人机交互”全链条式规范,在行为规制以外从保障个人基本权利与防止权力滥用两个角度补充对算法潜意识操纵行为的规制,维护个人主体性,引导数字技术的发展,进而促进正义价值的实现。

算法市场操纵的消费者损害与监管政策

随着数字经济的发展,在线市场日益成为消费的主要空间。在在线市场中,消费者面临突出的信息处理能力约束下的严重信息不对称和非理性决策下的行为性偏差问题,此时企业就有激励实施算法市场操纵行为来扭曲消费者决策以获得高收益。以在线选择架构设计、算法个人化推荐、算法个人化定价为代表的算法市场操纵行为会严重损害消费者的自主权,降低消费者福利。算法市场操纵监管政策应确立以消费者为中心的基本原则,建立综合监管体制,采取原则性监管与规则性监管相结合的路径,注重强化数字平台自我治理的基础作用,并创新监管政策工具,提高监管有效性。

独立轮驱动电动汽车驱动力分配策略仿真研究

为实现高速状态下驱动转向工况的车辆稳定性,采用层次化控制结构,上层控制器为运动控制器,计算总的纵向力和横摆力矩需求,其中计算横摆力矩采用滑模变结构控制方法;下层控制器为实现所需求的纵向力和横摆力矩,同时提高轮胎力利用率以增加横向操纵稳定裕度,并满足轮胎力极限、电机输出性能等约束条件,采用优化算法计算分配到各个车轮的驱动力。进行高速行驶汽车单移线仿真试验,验证本文提出的控制策略的性能。

Multi-objective optimization of active steering system with force and displacement coupled control

A novel active steering system with force and displacement coupled control(the novel AFS system) was introduced,which has functions of both the active steering and electric power steering.Based on the model of the novel AFS system and the vehicle three-degree of freedom system,the concept and quantitative formulas of the novel AFS system steering performance were proposed.The steering road feel and steering portability were set as the optimizing targets with the steering stability and steering portability as the constraint conditions.According to the features of constrained optimization of multi-variable function,a multi-variable genetic algorithm for the system parameter optimization was designed.The simulation results show that based on parametric optimization of the multi-objective genetic algorithm,the novel AFS system can improve the steering road feel,steering portability and steering stability,thus the optimization method can provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the novel AFS system.

算法的法律性质:言论、商业秘密还是正当程序?

一旦承认法律有理由介入算法,那么关键的问题就是:算法在法律上是什么?对这件事情的看法,决定了法律介入算法的标准和方式。就目前的讨论状况而言,理论家们要么将算法视为言论,要么将算法视为商业秘密。然而,如果意识到算法权力的重要性,那么算法就不再是言论或者商业秘密,而是一种正当程序;相应地,打破算犯法黑箱就不是最佳的介入方式,反而应当以正当程序的基本要求来介入算法。

Primary studies on integration optimization of differential steering of electric vehicle with motorized wheels based on quality engineering

The model of the differential steering system(DSS) of electric vehicle with motorized wheels and the three-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of vehicle are built.Based on these models,the concepts and quantitative expressions of steering road feel,steering portability and steering stability are proposed.Through integrating the Monte Carlo descriptive sampling,elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-II) and Taguchi robust design method,the system parameters are optimized with steering road feel and steering portability as optimization targets,and steering stability and steering portability as constraints.The simulation results show that the system optimized based on quality engineering can improve the steering road feel,guarantee steering stability and steering portability and thus provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of the electric vehicle with motorized wheels system.

Vision-based adaptive control of a 3-RRR parallel positioning system

The macro positioning stage with high-precision and rapid positioning ability plays a crucial role in the macro-micro combination positioning system. In this paper, we develop a practical method for the control of a 3-RRR planar positioning system using online vision measurement as feedback. In this method, a monocular vision system is established to accomplish highprecision online pose measurement for the 3-RRR manipulator. Additionally, a robust and operable adaptive control algorithm,which incorporates a fuzzy controller and a PI controller, is employed to achieve precise and rapid positioning of the 3-RRR positioning system. A series of experiments are conducted to verify the positioning performances of the proposed method, and a conventional PI control algorithm is utilized for comparison. The experimental results indicate that using the proposed control approach, the parallel positioning system obtains high precision and shows higher efficiency and robustness, especially for the time-varying positioning system.

Regularization Method and Immune Genetic Algorithm for Inverse Problems of Ship Maneuvering

Ship maneuverability, in the field of ship engineering, is often predicted by maneuvering motion group （MMG） mathematical model. Then it is necessary to determine hydrodynamic coefficients and interaction force coefficients of the model. Based on the data of free running model test, the problem for obtaining these coefficients is called inverse one. For the inverse problem, ill-posedness is inherent, nonlinearity and great computation happen, and the computation is also insensitive, unstable and time-consuming. In the paper, a regularization method is introduced to solve ill-posed problem and genetic algorithm is used for nonlinear motion of ship maneuvering. In addition, the immunity is applied to solve the prematurity, to promote the global searching ability and to increase the converging speed. The combination of regularization method and immune genetic algorithm（RIGA） applied in MMG mathematical model, showed rapid converging speed and good stability.