Objective Global cardiovascular risk assessment has been incorporated into current Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The aim of our study is to determine the distribution ...Objective Global cardiovascular risk assessment has been incorporated into current Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The aim of our study is to determine the distribution of 10-year risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease （ICVD） among middle-aged Chinese adults, and to evaluate the usefulness of global risk assessment tools in the primary prevention of ICVD in Chinese population.Methods Simplified prediction tools derived from the USA-PRC Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Epidemiology cohort were applied to the Chinese Health Examination Database （CHED） 2008. 10-year risk for ICVD was estimated in 461 157 ICVD-free subjects （264 432 male and 196 725 female） aged 35 to 59 years. Results Among the male subjects, 82.4% had a 10-year risk for ICVD of 〈5%, 14.4% of 5% to 12.1% and 3.4 of≥ 12.2%, and in female subjects, 86.7% had a 10-year risk for ICVD of 〈5%, 12.1% of 5% to 12.0% and 1.2% of ≥ 12.1%. All subjects with predicted high level ICVD risk （≥ 12.2% in male or ≥ 12.1% in female） had either remarkably elevated （≥ 160 mmHg） blood pressure, significantly increased （≥ 6.22 mml/L） total serum cholesterol or diabetes.Conclusion Using the currently recommended prediction tools, only very small proportions of middle-aged Chinese men and women who were free of ICVD would be classified into high level risk group. These prediction tools are unlikely to help for the medical intervention decision making in Chinese adult patients with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia展开更多
This paper provides an analysis of the rapid expansion in number and population of large cities in the proeess of China＇s urbanization and the relative decline of small and medium-sized cities and examines the root c...This paper provides an analysis of the rapid expansion in number and population of large cities in the proeess of China＇s urbanization and the relative decline of small and medium-sized cities and examines the root causes of such polarization, including the preference of government resource allocation towards political centers and large cities, market effect underlying the self-reinforced agglomeration of large cities, desire of migrant workers to settle in large cities, as well as the lack of government regulation. Regarding the outlook of China＇s urbanization, the paper believes that the appropriate ratio of new urban population absorption should be 30：18：18：34 among mega, large, small and medium-sized cities and designated towns.展开更多
文摘Objective Global cardiovascular risk assessment has been incorporated into current Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The aim of our study is to determine the distribution of 10-year risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease （ICVD） among middle-aged Chinese adults, and to evaluate the usefulness of global risk assessment tools in the primary prevention of ICVD in Chinese population.Methods Simplified prediction tools derived from the USA-PRC Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Epidemiology cohort were applied to the Chinese Health Examination Database （CHED） 2008. 10-year risk for ICVD was estimated in 461 157 ICVD-free subjects （264 432 male and 196 725 female） aged 35 to 59 years. Results Among the male subjects, 82.4% had a 10-year risk for ICVD of 〈5%, 14.4% of 5% to 12.1% and 3.4 of≥ 12.2%, and in female subjects, 86.7% had a 10-year risk for ICVD of 〈5%, 12.1% of 5% to 12.0% and 1.2% of ≥ 12.1%. All subjects with predicted high level ICVD risk （≥ 12.2% in male or ≥ 12.1% in female） had either remarkably elevated （≥ 160 mmHg） blood pressure, significantly increased （≥ 6.22 mml/L） total serum cholesterol or diabetes.Conclusion Using the currently recommended prediction tools, only very small proportions of middle-aged Chinese men and women who were free of ICVD would be classified into high level risk group. These prediction tools are unlikely to help for the medical intervention decision making in Chinese adult patients with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia
文摘This paper provides an analysis of the rapid expansion in number and population of large cities in the proeess of China＇s urbanization and the relative decline of small and medium-sized cities and examines the root causes of such polarization, including the preference of government resource allocation towards political centers and large cities, market effect underlying the self-reinforced agglomeration of large cities, desire of migrant workers to settle in large cities, as well as the lack of government regulation. Regarding the outlook of China＇s urbanization, the paper believes that the appropriate ratio of new urban population absorption should be 30：18：18：34 among mega, large, small and medium-sized cities and designated towns.
