Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane and to study the effective methods to prevent anastomot...Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane and to study the effective methods to prevent anastomotic leaking or stricture postoperatively. Methods: From May 1985 to December 2002, 2 240 esophageal and stomach cardia cancer patients treated by intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There was no anastomotic leaking and severe stricture in all above cases. Conclusion: Intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosal extended varied in plane is an effective method to prevent anastomotic leaking and stricture postoperatively.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the incidence of various types of postoperative pulmonary complications （POPCs） and to evaluate the significance of perioperative arterial blood gases in patients with esophageal cancer accompan...AIM： To investigate the incidence of various types of postoperative pulmonary complications （POPCs） and to evaluate the significance of perioperative arterial blood gases in patients with esophageal cancer accompanied with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） after esophagectomy. MEHTODS： Three hundred and fifty-eight patients were divided into POPC group and COPD group. We performed a retrospective review of the 358 consecutive patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer with or without COPD to assess the possible influence of COPD on postoperative pulmonary complications. We classified COPD into four grades according to percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s （FEV1） and analyzed the incidence rate of complications among the four grades. Perioperative arterial blood gases were tested in patients with or without pulmonary complications in COPD group and compared with POP（： group. RESULTS： Patients with COPD （29/86, 33.7%）had more pulmonary complications than those without COPD （36/272, 13.2%） （P〈0.001）. Pneumonia （15/29, 51.7%）, atelectasis （13/29, 44.8%）, prolonged 02 supplement （10/29, 34.5%）, and prolonged mechanical ventilation （8/29, 27.6%） were the major complications in COPD group. Moreover, patients with severe COPD （grade Ⅱ B, FEV1 〈 50% of predicted） had more POPCs than those with moderate（gradeⅡA,50%-80% of predicted） and mild （grade Ⅰ≥80% of predicted） COPD （P〈0.05）. PaO2 was decreased and PaCO2 was increased in patients with pulmonary complications in COPD group in the first postoperative week.CONCLUSION： The criteria of COPD are the critical predictor for pulmonary complications in esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy. Severity of COPD affects the incidence rate of the pulmonary complication,and percent-predicted FEV1 is a good predictive variable for pulmonary complication in patients-with COPD.Arterial blood gases are helpful in directing perioperative management.展开更多
Accurate measurements of the vertical distribution of carbon dioxide(CO2)in the atmosphere are critical to validate the vertical columns recorded by satellite and ground-based spectrometers and to estimate sources and...Accurate measurements of the vertical distribution of carbon dioxide(CO2)in the atmosphere are critical to validate the vertical columns recorded by satellite and ground-based spectrometers and to estimate sources and sinks of CO2.This work describes an in-situ air-sampler system(Aircore).Profiles of CO2 and carbon monoxide(CO)were retrieved from two soundings of this system in Xilin Hot on 13 and 14 June 2018,and compared with observations from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument(TROPOMI),Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2(OCO-2),and Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service(CAMS).The column-averaged mixing ratio of CO(XCO)monitored by TROPOMI agreed well with that calculated from the in-situ CO pro le,with a small mean diffierence of 5±1.89 ppb.The column-averaged mixing ratio of CO2(XCO2)monitored by OCO-2 also agreed well with that calculated from the in-situ CO2 profile,with a slight bias of 0.4±0.6 ppm.The OCO-2 a posteriori profile had an obvious bias compared with the in-situ CO2 pro le on 13 June,with an underestimation between 600 hPa and 250 hPa and an overestimation below 600 hPa.CAMS also had the same bias compared with the in-situ CO profile;however,CAMS agreed well with the in-situ CO profile on 14 June in the troposphere because a weak cold vortex passed Xilin Hot on 13 June and disappeared on 14 June.In the stratosphere,there were significant biases in the vertical degradation.The striking agreement between the column-averaged mixing ratios and the diffierences in the vertical distribution suggests new exciting applications for the profile product.展开更多
This paper describes an outline for the proper design of a Fair Internet Regulation System （FIRS）, i.e., a system that will be implemented in a national level and encourage the participation of Internet users in enr...This paper describes an outline for the proper design of a Fair Internet Regulation System （FIRS）, i.e., a system that will be implemented in a national level and encourage the participation of Internet users in enriching and correcting its ＂behavior＂. Authors aim to design a system that will be operated in some extent by the Internet users, and so it will be easier to be accepted by Western democracies willing to implement a fair Internet regulation policy. Last, the authors state the importance of using well-designed surveys prior to the implementation of FIRS, announce the launch of an online tool （WebObserver.net） and invite researchers to be part of this international effort.展开更多
Using the method of line structure light produced by a laser diode,three dimensional profile measurement is deeply researched.A hardware circuit developed is used to get the center position of light section for the im...Using the method of line structure light produced by a laser diode,three dimensional profile measurement is deeply researched.A hardware circuit developed is used to get the center position of light section for the improvement of the measurement speed.A double CCD compensation technology is used to improve the measurement precision. An easy and effective calibration method of the least squares to fit the parameter of system structure is used to get the relative coordinate relationship of objects and images of light section in the directions of height and axis. Sensor scanning segment by segment and layer by layer makes the measurement range expand greatly.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane and to study the effective methods to prevent anastomotic leaking or stricture postoperatively. Methods: From May 1985 to December 2002, 2 240 esophageal and stomach cardia cancer patients treated by intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosa extended varied in plane were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There was no anastomotic leaking and severe stricture in all above cases. Conclusion: Intrathoracic esophagogastric "layer-to-layer" anastomosis with esophageal mucosal extended varied in plane is an effective method to prevent anastomotic leaking and stricture postoperatively.
文摘AIM： To investigate the incidence of various types of postoperative pulmonary complications （POPCs） and to evaluate the significance of perioperative arterial blood gases in patients with esophageal cancer accompanied with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） after esophagectomy. MEHTODS： Three hundred and fifty-eight patients were divided into POPC group and COPD group. We performed a retrospective review of the 358 consecutive patients after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer with or without COPD to assess the possible influence of COPD on postoperative pulmonary complications. We classified COPD into four grades according to percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s （FEV1） and analyzed the incidence rate of complications among the four grades. Perioperative arterial blood gases were tested in patients with or without pulmonary complications in COPD group and compared with POP（： group. RESULTS： Patients with COPD （29/86, 33.7%）had more pulmonary complications than those without COPD （36/272, 13.2%） （P〈0.001）. Pneumonia （15/29, 51.7%）, atelectasis （13/29, 44.8%）, prolonged 02 supplement （10/29, 34.5%）, and prolonged mechanical ventilation （8/29, 27.6%） were the major complications in COPD group. Moreover, patients with severe COPD （grade Ⅱ B, FEV1 〈 50% of predicted） had more POPCs than those with moderate（gradeⅡA,50%-80% of predicted） and mild （grade Ⅰ≥80% of predicted） COPD （P〈0.05）. PaO2 was decreased and PaCO2 was increased in patients with pulmonary complications in COPD group in the first postoperative week.CONCLUSION： The criteria of COPD are the critical predictor for pulmonary complications in esophageal cancer patients undergoing esophagectomy. Severity of COPD affects the incidence rate of the pulmonary complication,and percent-predicted FEV1 is a good predictive variable for pulmonary complication in patients-with COPD.Arterial blood gases are helpful in directing perioperative management.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [grant number XDA17010102]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 41875043]the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [grant number ZDRW-ZS-2019-1]
文摘Accurate measurements of the vertical distribution of carbon dioxide(CO2)in the atmosphere are critical to validate the vertical columns recorded by satellite and ground-based spectrometers and to estimate sources and sinks of CO2.This work describes an in-situ air-sampler system(Aircore).Profiles of CO2 and carbon monoxide(CO)were retrieved from two soundings of this system in Xilin Hot on 13 and 14 June 2018,and compared with observations from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument(TROPOMI),Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2(OCO-2),and Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service(CAMS).The column-averaged mixing ratio of CO(XCO)monitored by TROPOMI agreed well with that calculated from the in-situ CO pro le,with a small mean diffierence of 5±1.89 ppb.The column-averaged mixing ratio of CO2(XCO2)monitored by OCO-2 also agreed well with that calculated from the in-situ CO2 profile,with a slight bias of 0.4±0.6 ppm.The OCO-2 a posteriori profile had an obvious bias compared with the in-situ CO2 pro le on 13 June,with an underestimation between 600 hPa and 250 hPa and an overestimation below 600 hPa.CAMS also had the same bias compared with the in-situ CO profile;however,CAMS agreed well with the in-situ CO profile on 14 June in the troposphere because a weak cold vortex passed Xilin Hot on 13 June and disappeared on 14 June.In the stratosphere,there were significant biases in the vertical degradation.The striking agreement between the column-averaged mixing ratios and the diffierences in the vertical distribution suggests new exciting applications for the profile product.
文摘This paper describes an outline for the proper design of a Fair Internet Regulation System （FIRS）, i.e., a system that will be implemented in a national level and encourage the participation of Internet users in enriching and correcting its ＂behavior＂. Authors aim to design a system that will be operated in some extent by the Internet users, and so it will be easier to be accepted by Western democracies willing to implement a fair Internet regulation policy. Last, the authors state the importance of using well-designed surveys prior to the implementation of FIRS, announce the launch of an online tool （WebObserver.net） and invite researchers to be part of this international effort.
文摘Using the method of line structure light produced by a laser diode,three dimensional profile measurement is deeply researched.A hardware circuit developed is used to get the center position of light section for the improvement of the measurement speed.A double CCD compensation technology is used to improve the measurement precision. An easy and effective calibration method of the least squares to fit the parameter of system structure is used to get the relative coordinate relationship of objects and images of light section in the directions of height and axis. Sensor scanning segment by segment and layer by layer makes the measurement range expand greatly.
