数据管护活动是大数据时代高校图书馆开展科研数据管理服务的核心环节和关键。文章以美国伊利诺伊大学和黄石公园合作开展的Site-Based Data Curation项目为例,从项目概况、实施背景和项目成果3个方面进行详细解读。最后从现实背景、实...数据管护活动是大数据时代高校图书馆开展科研数据管理服务的核心环节和关键。文章以美国伊利诺伊大学和黄石公园合作开展的Site-Based Data Curation项目为例,从项目概况、实施背景和项目成果3个方面进行详细解读。最后从现实背景、实施方式、内容构建和运行机制4个角度总结特点与启示,以期为我国的数据管护活动提供参考和借鉴。展开更多
[目的/意义]数据管护是信息化科研环境下研究数据管理的重要部分,梳理国际已有相关研究成果,以期全面认识数据管护,为国内数据管理研究提供参考。[方法/过程]以Web of Science为数据源,检索时间截至2016年10月,检索词为数据管护,将检索...[目的/意义]数据管护是信息化科研环境下研究数据管理的重要部分,梳理国际已有相关研究成果,以期全面认识数据管护,为国内数据管理研究提供参考。[方法/过程]以Web of Science为数据源,检索时间截至2016年10月,检索词为数据管护,将检索到的文献作为研究对象,基于文献共现和共被引分析方法,利用Cite SpaceⅢ软件工具,绘制国际数据管护的知识图谱,采用内容分析法,基于研究的学科分布、研究机构、研究人员以及知识基础的4个维度,对国际数据管护研究进行解读、分析与总结。[结果/结论 ]国际数据管护研究始于2000年,已经步入成熟期,并形成特定的研究学科、机构和群体,研究的知识基础主要为数据描述、集成与关联、科研过程的数据维护和增值活动、数据管护利益相关者以及图书馆服务新模式。展开更多
Constraint is an important aspect of role based access control and is sometimes argued to be the principal motivation for role based access control (RBAC). But so far few authors have discussed consistency maintenan...Constraint is an important aspect of role based access control and is sometimes argued to be the principal motivation for role based access control (RBAC). But so far few authors have discussed consistency maintenance for constraint in RBAC model. Based on researches of constraints among roles and types of inconsistency among constraints, this paper introduces corresponding formal rules, rule based reasoning and corresponding methods to detect, avoid and resolve these inconsistencies. Finally, the paper introduces briefly the application of consistency maintenance in ZD PDM, an enterprise oriented product data management (PDM) system.展开更多
Database Security and Protection System (DSPS) is a security platform for fighting malicious DBMS. The security and performance are critical to DSPS. The authors suggested a key management scheme by combining the serv...Database Security and Protection System (DSPS) is a security platform for fighting malicious DBMS. The security and performance are critical to DSPS. The authors suggested a key management scheme by combining the server group structure to improve availability and the key distribution structure needed by proactive security. This paper detailed the implementation of proactive security in DSPS. After thorough performance analysis, the authors concluded that the performance difference between the replicated mechanism and proactive mechanism becomes smaller and smaller with increasing number of concurrent connections; and that proactive security is very useful and practical for large, critical applications.展开更多
Digital cable-stayed bridge maintenance and management system （DCBMS） was developed for the need of maintenance and management of long-span cable-stayed bridges. In this paper, the major functions and theoretical ap...Digital cable-stayed bridge maintenance and management system （DCBMS） was developed for the need of maintenance and management of long-span cable-stayed bridges. In this paper, the major functions and theoretical application of eight modules were systematically stated with the background of Harbin Songhua River cable-stayed bridge, which include data management module, inspection and measurement module, assessment module, finite dement analysis module, disease diagnosis and prediction module, maintenance module, query module and help module. By analyzing and calculating the data from manual inspection database, basic database and health monitoring subsystem, DCBMS can accomplish the functions like life prediction, disease diagnosis, comprehensive assessment, maintenance and management of bridges. Therefore, the maintenance and management of long-span cable-stayed bridges can be made digital, professional and scientific. By running this system, a real-time and specific technical guidance can be provided for the maintainers and managers of long- span cable-stayed bridges.展开更多
Road condition is an important variable to measure in order to decrease road and vehicle operating/maintenance costs, but also to increase ride comfort and traffic safety. By using the built-in vibration sensor in sma...Road condition is an important variable to measure in order to decrease road and vehicle operating/maintenance costs, but also to increase ride comfort and traffic safety. By using the built-in vibration sensor in smart phones, it is possible to collect road roughness data which can be an indicator of road condition up to a level of Class 2 or 3 in a simple and cost efficient way. Since data collection therefore is possible to be done more frequently, one can better monitor roughness changes over time. The continuous data collection can also give early warnings of changes and damage, enable new ways to work in the operational road maintenance management, and can serve as a guide for more accurate surveys for strategic asset management and pavement planning. Collected measurement data are wirelessly transferred by the operator when needed via a web service to an internet mapping server with spatial filtering functions. The measured data can be aggregated in preferred sections, as well as exported to other GlS （geographical information systems） or road management systems. Our conclusion is that measuring roads with smart phones can provide an efficient, scalable, and cost-effective way for road organizations to deliver road condition data.展开更多
文摘数据管护活动是大数据时代高校图书馆开展科研数据管理服务的核心环节和关键。文章以美国伊利诺伊大学和黄石公园合作开展的Site-Based Data Curation项目为例,从项目概况、实施背景和项目成果3个方面进行详细解读。最后从现实背景、实施方式、内容构建和运行机制4个角度总结特点与启示,以期为我国的数据管护活动提供参考和借鉴。
文摘[目的/意义]数据管护是信息化科研环境下研究数据管理的重要部分,梳理国际已有相关研究成果,以期全面认识数据管护,为国内数据管理研究提供参考。[方法/过程]以Web of Science为数据源,检索时间截至2016年10月,检索词为数据管护,将检索到的文献作为研究对象,基于文献共现和共被引分析方法,利用Cite SpaceⅢ软件工具,绘制国际数据管护的知识图谱,采用内容分析法,基于研究的学科分布、研究机构、研究人员以及知识基础的4个维度,对国际数据管护研究进行解读、分析与总结。[结果/结论 ]国际数据管护研究始于2000年,已经步入成熟期,并形成特定的研究学科、机构和群体,研究的知识基础主要为数据描述、集成与关联、科研过程的数据维护和增值活动、数据管护利益相关者以及图书馆服务新模式。
文摘Constraint is an important aspect of role based access control and is sometimes argued to be the principal motivation for role based access control (RBAC). But so far few authors have discussed consistency maintenance for constraint in RBAC model. Based on researches of constraints among roles and types of inconsistency among constraints, this paper introduces corresponding formal rules, rule based reasoning and corresponding methods to detect, avoid and resolve these inconsistencies. Finally, the paper introduces briefly the application of consistency maintenance in ZD PDM, an enterprise oriented product data management (PDM) system.
文摘Database Security and Protection System (DSPS) is a security platform for fighting malicious DBMS. The security and performance are critical to DSPS. The authors suggested a key management scheme by combining the server group structure to improve availability and the key distribution structure needed by proactive security. This paper detailed the implementation of proactive security in DSPS. After thorough performance analysis, the authors concluded that the performance difference between the replicated mechanism and proactive mechanism becomes smaller and smaller with increasing number of concurrent connections; and that proactive security is very useful and practical for large, critical applications.
基金Sponsored by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Grant No.20050213008)Scientific and Technical Plan Item of Communications Department of Heilongjiang Province of China(Grant No.2004).
文摘Digital cable-stayed bridge maintenance and management system （DCBMS） was developed for the need of maintenance and management of long-span cable-stayed bridges. In this paper, the major functions and theoretical application of eight modules were systematically stated with the background of Harbin Songhua River cable-stayed bridge, which include data management module, inspection and measurement module, assessment module, finite dement analysis module, disease diagnosis and prediction module, maintenance module, query module and help module. By analyzing and calculating the data from manual inspection database, basic database and health monitoring subsystem, DCBMS can accomplish the functions like life prediction, disease diagnosis, comprehensive assessment, maintenance and management of bridges. Therefore, the maintenance and management of long-span cable-stayed bridges can be made digital, professional and scientific. By running this system, a real-time and specific technical guidance can be provided for the maintainers and managers of long- span cable-stayed bridges.
文摘Road condition is an important variable to measure in order to decrease road and vehicle operating/maintenance costs, but also to increase ride comfort and traffic safety. By using the built-in vibration sensor in smart phones, it is possible to collect road roughness data which can be an indicator of road condition up to a level of Class 2 or 3 in a simple and cost efficient way. Since data collection therefore is possible to be done more frequently, one can better monitor roughness changes over time. The continuous data collection can also give early warnings of changes and damage, enable new ways to work in the operational road maintenance management, and can serve as a guide for more accurate surveys for strategic asset management and pavement planning. Collected measurement data are wirelessly transferred by the operator when needed via a web service to an internet mapping server with spatial filtering functions. The measured data can be aggregated in preferred sections, as well as exported to other GlS （geographical information systems） or road management systems. Our conclusion is that measuring roads with smart phones can provide an efficient, scalable, and cost-effective way for road organizations to deliver road condition data.
