Non-contact atomic force microscopy（nc-AFM） atomic-scale imaging process of monocrystalline silicon surface using capped single-wall carbon nanotube tip is simulated by molecular dynamic method. The simulation resuh...Non-contact atomic force microscopy（nc-AFM） atomic-scale imaging process of monocrystalline silicon surface using capped single-wall carbon nanotube tip is simulated by molecular dynamic method. The simulation resuhs show that the nc-AFM imaging force mainly comes from the C-Si and C-C chemical covalent bonding forces, especially the former, the nonbonding Van der Waals force change is small during the range of stable imaging height. When the tip-surface distance is smaller than the stable imaging height, several neighboring carbon atoms at the tip apex are attracted, and some of them jump onto the sample surface. Finally the tip apex configuration is destroyed with the tip indenting further.展开更多
The aim of this research is to analyze the emergence of the concepts of sustainable development （SD） and corporate social responsibility （CSR） in companies in time and space. A spatio-temporal reading will indicat...The aim of this research is to analyze the emergence of the concepts of sustainable development （SD） and corporate social responsibility （CSR） in companies in time and space. A spatio-temporal reading will indicate the most important socio-political and environmental events that have emerged with these two concepts. In order to complete the odyssey, a spatio-temporal analysis has retraced the epistemological evolution of these latter, whilst at the same time remarking the appropriation that has been made by the different institutional and organizational actors. The historical and epistemological reviews tell us that these two concepts, which came into existence almost 80 years, have indefinite outlines; one can be substituted for the other. However, thanks to this odyssey, we have reduced the boundaries even further between sustainable development and social responsibility and shown their theoretic and historical association. The perspective adopted shows that the concept of corporate social responsibility is closely connected to that of sustainable development. This connection means that researchers in management science are faced with more new problem issues reaching further than the simple lack of conceptual consensuses.展开更多
文摘Non-contact atomic force microscopy（nc-AFM） atomic-scale imaging process of monocrystalline silicon surface using capped single-wall carbon nanotube tip is simulated by molecular dynamic method. The simulation resuhs show that the nc-AFM imaging force mainly comes from the C-Si and C-C chemical covalent bonding forces, especially the former, the nonbonding Van der Waals force change is small during the range of stable imaging height. When the tip-surface distance is smaller than the stable imaging height, several neighboring carbon atoms at the tip apex are attracted, and some of them jump onto the sample surface. Finally the tip apex configuration is destroyed with the tip indenting further.
文摘The aim of this research is to analyze the emergence of the concepts of sustainable development （SD） and corporate social responsibility （CSR） in companies in time and space. A spatio-temporal reading will indicate the most important socio-political and environmental events that have emerged with these two concepts. In order to complete the odyssey, a spatio-temporal analysis has retraced the epistemological evolution of these latter, whilst at the same time remarking the appropriation that has been made by the different institutional and organizational actors. The historical and epistemological reviews tell us that these two concepts, which came into existence almost 80 years, have indefinite outlines; one can be substituted for the other. However, thanks to this odyssey, we have reduced the boundaries even further between sustainable development and social responsibility and shown their theoretic and historical association. The perspective adopted shows that the concept of corporate social responsibility is closely connected to that of sustainable development. This connection means that researchers in management science are faced with more new problem issues reaching further than the simple lack of conceptual consensuses.
