China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With th...China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With the further improvement of the socialist market economy, the existing sports administrative functions are incompatible with the economic and social side of the market gradually. The current sports administrative functions can no longer adapt to the development and deeper reforms of sports system are imminent. Only by speeding up the reform of sports administration, can eliminate obstacles and promote rapid and healthy development of China＇s sports industry. In this paper, the object is the administrative functions of the sport in the social transformation period, through expert interviews, literature, and logical analysis, comparative study to discuss the problems of the administrative functions of sport in the social transformation period and propose appropriate countermeasures. Studies suggest that： sports administration departments should focus to implementing national policies, the development of the sports industry policy research and development planning, management and delivery of services. In accordance with the uniform principles of responsibility, rights and interests, to further clarify the responsibilities of all levels of sports administration, handling good working relationship between them. By Complete separation between rowing and steering, governance and administration, government and industry, to achieve ＂four transformations＂, and to break plan ＂all-round＂ type of government in the economic system, and establish ＂limited＂ government, effectively carry out the functions of guidance, policy regulation, market supervision, social management and public services.展开更多
Based on historical records of extreme climate events and population densities in Gansu and Shaanxi, and information on climate change, populations, new cultivated cropland, and administrative system reform in Xinjian...Based on historical records of extreme climate events and population densities in Gansu and Shaanxi, and information on climate change, populations, new cultivated cropland, and administrative system reform in Xinjiang, this study explores the interaction between climate change, migration, and regional administrative reform in the middle Qing Dynasty. The results showed that the surge in population migration from Gansu and Shaanxi to Xinjiang during 1760–1820 was caused by extreme climate events(droughts and floods) and population pressure in Gansu and Shaanxi. During 1760–1880, the climate in Xinjiang was unusually cold and humid, which was highly conducive to abundant regional water resources. This provided favorable conditions for farmland irrigation and further promoted agricultural cultivation, population growth, and town development within this region. Additionally,the interactions between climate change and the above-mentioned social factors, which acted as driving forces, spurred the reform in the administrative system of Xinjiang whereby the military administration system was transformed to a province administration system. Through this reform, the Qing government managed to restore peace and stability in Xinjiang. This study contributes to a better understanding of climate-related population migration and enhances our knowledge of the impact-response chain between climate change, ancient social developments, and political coping strategies, especially in regional administrative reform.展开更多
Some financial experiments find that individuals＇ risk perception in favor of shortfall measures like LPMs. This paper provides an individuals＇ risk perception model and a risk perception model with overconfidence a...Some financial experiments find that individuals＇ risk perception in favor of shortfall measures like LPMs. This paper provides an individuals＇ risk perception model and a risk perception model with overconfidence according to results of financial experiments and shows that investors＇ psychology could influence individuals＇ risk perceptions, and further, investors＇ psychology could influence investment decisions.展开更多
This article here reviews the current status of Jiangsu poplar industry, points out some problems related to the industrial management, and puts forward the basic concepts and theories for the research of poplar indus...This article here reviews the current status of Jiangsu poplar industry, points out some problems related to the industrial management, and puts forward the basic concepts and theories for the research of poplar industrial development and management, including the choice of competitive strategies and the ways to improve Jiangsu poplar industrial management.展开更多
文摘China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With the further improvement of the socialist market economy, the existing sports administrative functions are incompatible with the economic and social side of the market gradually. The current sports administrative functions can no longer adapt to the development and deeper reforms of sports system are imminent. Only by speeding up the reform of sports administration, can eliminate obstacles and promote rapid and healthy development of China＇s sports industry. In this paper, the object is the administrative functions of the sport in the social transformation period, through expert interviews, literature, and logical analysis, comparative study to discuss the problems of the administrative functions of sport in the social transformation period and propose appropriate countermeasures. Studies suggest that： sports administration departments should focus to implementing national policies, the development of the sports industry policy research and development planning, management and delivery of services. In accordance with the uniform principles of responsibility, rights and interests, to further clarify the responsibilities of all levels of sports administration, handling good working relationship between them. By Complete separation between rowing and steering, governance and administration, government and industry, to achieve ＂four transformations＂, and to break plan ＂all-round＂ type of government in the economic system, and establish ＂limited＂ government, effectively carry out the functions of guidance, policy regulation, market supervision, social management and public services.
基金supported by Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. ZDRW-ZS-2016-6)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0602704)
文摘Based on historical records of extreme climate events and population densities in Gansu and Shaanxi, and information on climate change, populations, new cultivated cropland, and administrative system reform in Xinjiang, this study explores the interaction between climate change, migration, and regional administrative reform in the middle Qing Dynasty. The results showed that the surge in population migration from Gansu and Shaanxi to Xinjiang during 1760–1820 was caused by extreme climate events(droughts and floods) and population pressure in Gansu and Shaanxi. During 1760–1880, the climate in Xinjiang was unusually cold and humid, which was highly conducive to abundant regional water resources. This provided favorable conditions for farmland irrigation and further promoted agricultural cultivation, population growth, and town development within this region. Additionally,the interactions between climate change and the above-mentioned social factors, which acted as driving forces, spurred the reform in the administrative system of Xinjiang whereby the military administration system was transformed to a province administration system. Through this reform, the Qing government managed to restore peace and stability in Xinjiang. This study contributes to a better understanding of climate-related population migration and enhances our knowledge of the impact-response chain between climate change, ancient social developments, and political coping strategies, especially in regional administrative reform.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（70571042）
文摘Some financial experiments find that individuals＇ risk perception in favor of shortfall measures like LPMs. This paper provides an individuals＇ risk perception model and a risk perception model with overconfidence according to results of financial experiments and shows that investors＇ psychology could influence individuals＇ risk perceptions, and further, investors＇ psychology could influence investment decisions.
文摘This article here reviews the current status of Jiangsu poplar industry, points out some problems related to the industrial management, and puts forward the basic concepts and theories for the research of poplar industrial development and management, including the choice of competitive strategies and the ways to improve Jiangsu poplar industrial management.
