基于换热器分时共享机制的多时期换热网络结构设计

随着季节性的供需变化和化工过程中操作条件的变化,换热量也随之变化。由于不同时期换热需求的不同,多时期换热网络的设计得到了广泛的研究。本文首先介绍利用同步优化方法对每个时期单独进行数学规划模型的建立,运用GAMS软件求解得到单时期最优的换热网络设计;其次,为了减少不同时期换热网络整合后设备的投资成本,可采用一种分时共享机制对换热网络中所有参与热交换的匹配进行设计,然而该设计会带来管线成本的增加;最后,针对分时共享机制带来的管线成本的增加,提出了一种管线长度的优化模型,通过对模型的建立和求解,不仅可以得到换热网络中最少的管线成本,还可以给出换热器的最佳放置位置,优化了网络结构。

Linear Programs in Cost Accounting： A Linear Cost Model

This paper aims to find unit cost of a product for firms. It establishes a linear cost model to find unit cost. Linear goal programs assume a direct relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. Dependent variable of linear model is unit cost. Independent variables are cost accounting variables. They are supply cost, labor cost, and administration cost. This study assumes a direct relationship between supply-labor-administration costs and unit cost. Therefore, it establishes a linear cost model. The major research question of this study is to apply linear goal programming to cost accounting. The goal of this linear program is to find unit cost of product. This study uses quantitative method and human capital method. The main research result is linear costing model itself.