Due to strong photoluminescence,extraordinary photostability,excellent biocompatibility,and good water-solubility,metal nanoclusters have attracted enormous attention since discovered.They are found to be novel fluore...Due to strong photoluminescence,extraordinary photostability,excellent biocompatibility,and good water-solubility,metal nanoclusters have attracted enormous attention since discovered.They are found to be novel fluorescence labels for biological applications and environmental monitoring.Recently the chemiluminescence(CL) or electrochemiluminescence(ECL) of metal nanoclusters has received increasing attention.This review covers recent vibrant developments in this field of the past 5 years,and highlights different functions of metal nanoclusters in various CL and ECL systems,such as luminophores,catalysts,and quenchers.Latest synthetic methods of metal nanoclusters used in CL or ECL are also summarized.Furthermore,we discuss some perspectives and critical challenges of this field in the near future.展开更多
We report the controlled growth of Au25（SR）18 and Au38（SR）24 （where R = CH2CH2Ph） nanoclusters of molecular purity via size-focusing from the same crude product that contains a distribution of nanoclusters. In t...We report the controlled growth of Au25（SR）18 and Au38（SR）24 （where R = CH2CH2Ph） nanoclusters of molecular purity via size-focusing from the same crude product that contains a distribution of nanoclusters. In this method, gold salt was first mixed with tetraoctylammonium bromide （TOAB）, and then reacted with excess thiol to form Au（I）-SR polymers in THF （as opposed to toluene in previous work）, followed by NaBH4 reduction. The resultant crude product contains polydisperse nanoclusters and was then used as the common starting material for controlled growth of Au25（SR）18 and Au38（SR）24, respectively. In Route I, Au25（SR）18 nanoclusters of molecular purify were produced from the crude product alter 6 h aging at room temperature. In Route II, the crude product was isolated and further subjected to thermal thiol etching in a toluene solution containing excess thiol, and one obtained pure Au38（SR）24 nanoclusters, instead of Au25（SR）Is. This work not only provides a robust and simple method to prepare both Au25（SR）18 and Au3s（SR）24 nanoclusters, but also reveals that these two nanoclusters require different environments for the size-focusing growth process.展开更多
Tetronate antibiotics, a growing family of natural products featuring a characteristic tetronic acid moiety, are of importance and of particular interest for their typical structures, especially the spirotetronate str...Tetronate antibiotics, a growing family of natural products featuring a characteristic tetronic acid moiety, are of importance and of particular interest for their typical structures, especially the spirotetronate structure, and corresponding versatile biolog- ical activities. Considerable efforts have persistently performed since the first tetronate was isolated, to elucidate the biosyn- thesis of natural tetronate products, by isotope-labeled feeding experiments, genetical characterization of biosynthetic gene clusters, and biochemical reconstitution of key enzymatic catalyzed reactions. Accordingly, the biosynthesis of spirotetronates has been gradually determined, including biosynthesis of a polyketide-derived backbone for spirotetronate aglycone, incorpo- ration of a glycerol-derived three-carbon unit into tetronic acid moiety, formation of mature aglycone via Diels-AIder-like re- action, and decorations of aglycone with various deoxysugar moieties. In this paper, the biosynthetic investigations of natural tetronates are well documented and a common biosynthetic route for this group of natural products is summarized accordingly.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21344008,21475123)the Financial Support by Ministry of Education of Liaoning Province(L2015434)+2 种基金the Scientific Public Welfare Research Foundation of Liaoning Province(2015004016)the doctoral scientific research foundation of Liaoning Province of China (201501077)the Open Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry
文摘Due to strong photoluminescence,extraordinary photostability,excellent biocompatibility,and good water-solubility,metal nanoclusters have attracted enormous attention since discovered.They are found to be novel fluorescence labels for biological applications and environmental monitoring.Recently the chemiluminescence(CL) or electrochemiluminescence(ECL) of metal nanoclusters has received increasing attention.This review covers recent vibrant developments in this field of the past 5 years,and highlights different functions of metal nanoclusters in various CL and ECL systems,such as luminophores,catalysts,and quenchers.Latest synthetic methods of metal nanoclusters used in CL or ECL are also summarized.Furthermore,we discuss some perspectives and critical challenges of this field in the near future.
基金supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research under AFOSR Award (FA9550-11-1-9999, FA9550-11-1-0147)the Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Awards Programsupport by the China Scholarship Council (CSC)
文摘We report the controlled growth of Au25（SR）18 and Au38（SR）24 （where R = CH2CH2Ph） nanoclusters of molecular purity via size-focusing from the same crude product that contains a distribution of nanoclusters. In this method, gold salt was first mixed with tetraoctylammonium bromide （TOAB）, and then reacted with excess thiol to form Au（I）-SR polymers in THF （as opposed to toluene in previous work）, followed by NaBH4 reduction. The resultant crude product contains polydisperse nanoclusters and was then used as the common starting material for controlled growth of Au25（SR）18 and Au38（SR）24, respectively. In Route I, Au25（SR）18 nanoclusters of molecular purify were produced from the crude product alter 6 h aging at room temperature. In Route II, the crude product was isolated and further subjected to thermal thiol etching in a toluene solution containing excess thiol, and one obtained pure Au38（SR）24 nanoclusters, instead of Au25（SR）Is. This work not only provides a robust and simple method to prepare both Au25（SR）18 and Au3s（SR）24 nanoclusters, but also reveals that these two nanoclusters require different environments for the size-focusing growth process.
基金supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of Chinathe Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2012M521461)
文摘Tetronate antibiotics, a growing family of natural products featuring a characteristic tetronic acid moiety, are of importance and of particular interest for their typical structures, especially the spirotetronate structure, and corresponding versatile biolog- ical activities. Considerable efforts have persistently performed since the first tetronate was isolated, to elucidate the biosyn- thesis of natural tetronate products, by isotope-labeled feeding experiments, genetical characterization of biosynthetic gene clusters, and biochemical reconstitution of key enzymatic catalyzed reactions. Accordingly, the biosynthesis of spirotetronates has been gradually determined, including biosynthesis of a polyketide-derived backbone for spirotetronate aglycone, incorpo- ration of a glycerol-derived three-carbon unit into tetronic acid moiety, formation of mature aglycone via Diels-AIder-like re- action, and decorations of aglycone with various deoxysugar moieties. In this paper, the biosynthetic investigations of natural tetronates are well documented and a common biosynthetic route for this group of natural products is summarized accordingly.
