遗传病患者永久性类淋巴母细胞系的建立与应用

确诊的遗传病患者的异常细胞系是今后进行医学遗传学研究的重要资料。本研究采用ＥＢＶ与ＣｙＡ结合的方法，成功地建立了遗传病患者的永久性类淋巴母细胞系计９种１４株，鄂温克等少数民族的ＬＣＬ３０株。对建立的少数民族的ＬＣＬ正进行ＤＮＡ提取和开展遗传多态性的研究分析。

远程火箭弹实现本体减速方案的研究

为满足远程火箭子母类弹药后续流程对降低飞行速度的要求,对采用本体实现减速的方案进行了研究。首先选取一种实现本体减速方案的典型结构,计算主要气动参数,并分析了气动特性。然后采用四元数方法建立了弹道模型,通过弹道数值仿真,分析了弹道特性。最后对本体减速方案的机理进行了研究,提出了优化设计的方法:对于典型结构的本体减速方案,将质心位置设计在速度200 m/s,攻角90°或270°处的压心位置,减速效果最好。

Spatiotemporal distribution of protozooplankton and copepod nauplii in relation to the occurrence of giant jellyfish in the Yellow Sea

The occurrence of the giant jellyfish, Nemopilema nomurai, has been a frequent phenomenon in the Yellow Sea. However, the relationship between the giant jellyfish and protozoa, in particular ciliates, remains largely unknown. We investigated the distribution of nanoflagellates, ciliates, Noctiluca scintillans, and copepod nauplii along the transect 33~N in the Yellow Sea in June and August, 2012, during an occurrence of the giant jellyfish, and in October of that year when the jellyfish was absent. The organisms studied were mainly concentrated in the surface waters in summer, while in autumn they were evenly distributed in the water column. Nanoflagellate, ciliate, and copepod nauplii biomasses increased from early June to August along with jellyfish growth, the first two decreased in October, while N. scintillans biomass peaked in early June to 3 571 pg C/L and decreased in August and October. In summer, ciliate biomass greatly exceeded that of copepod nauplii （4.61-15.04 ~tg C/L vs. 0.34-0.89 pg C/L）. Ciliate production was even more important than biomass, ranging from 6.59 to 34.19 ~tg C/（L.d） in summer. Our data suggest a tight and positive association among the nano-, micro-, and meso-zooplankton in the study area. Statistical analysis revealed that the abundance and total production of ciliate as well as loricate ciliate biomass were positively correlated with giant jellyfish biomass, indicating a possible predator-prey relationship between ciliates and giant jellyfish. This is in contrast to a previous study, which reported a significant reduction in ciliate standing crops due to the mass occurrence ofN. nomurai in summer. Our study indicates that, with its high biomass and, in particular, high production ciliates might support the mass occurrence of giant jellyfish.

Isolation and optimization of production of Astaxanthin from Antarctic yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298

Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 which could produce carotenoids was isolated from Antarctic sea ice. The major carotenoid was identified as astaxanthin by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry （LC/MS）, and its content accounted for 87.62% of total carotenoids （1,786 μg/g）. High Performance Liquid Chromatogrephy （HPLC） analysis showed that the purity of the astaxanthin reached about 96. 16% through a simple purification. Maximum astaxanthin production （1,908μg/g） was obtained when the yeast was grown at 10 ℃ in seawater medium containing 5 g/L sodium acetate, 5 g/L peptone, 0.5 g/L NaC1, 0.01 g/L KH2PO4; 0.01 g/L MgSO4·7H20 and 0.001 g/L FeSO4·7H20 at pH 7.5.

Significance of Different Microalgal Species for Growth of Moon Jellyfish Ephyrae, Aurelia sp.1

The scyphozoan Aurelia aurita （Linnaeus） sp. 1., is a cosmopolitan species-complex which blooms seasonally in a variety of coastal and shelf sea environments around the world. The effects of different microalgal species on the growth of newly-released Aurelia sp. 1 ephyrae were studied under laboratory conditions. We fed ephyrae with four different microalgal species （diatom, autotrophic dinoflagellate, heterotrophic dinoflagellate, and chlorophyta） plus A rtemia nauplii for 12-24 d at 18℃. Results showed that the growth rate diverged significantly for Artemia nauplii compared to other food types. In addition, there was no sig- nificant variation between the growth rates for Skeletonema costatum and Prorocentrum donghaiense, and no significant variation was found in the growth rates for N. scintillans and P. subcordiformis. Artemia nauplii could support the energy requirement for the newly-released ephyrae to develop to meduase, and the ephyrae with Artemia nauplii showed a significant average growth rate of 25.85% d-1. Newly-released ephyrae could grow slightly with some species of microalgae in the earliest development stage. Chain diatom Skeletonema costatum and autotrophic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense, could not support the growth of the ephyrae, while heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans and chlorophyta Platymonas subcordiformis could support the growth of the ephyrae. However, none of the ephyrae fed with the tested phytoplankton could mature to medusae.

The Occurrence of Ophiocnemis marmorata (Echinodermata:Ophiuroidea) Associated with the Rhizostome Medusa Rhopilema hispidum (Cnidaria:Scyphozoa)

The association of scyphomedusae with invertebrates has been long known in the literature; especially with hyperiids amphipods. The association of echinoderms with jellyfish is not common and rarely recorded. We reported the association of the ophiuroid Ophiocnemis marnmrata with the rhizostome scyphomedusa Rhopilema hispidum collected in Vellar estuary （on the southeast coast of India）. O. marmorata is supposed to be a filter feeding ophiuroid, quite common in soft bottom of shallow waters. The brittle stars possibly seek for food supply, shelter and protection through the association.

Identification of genes associated with nacre color in golden-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada maxima

Pearl oyster Pinctada maxima is mainly used to produce high-valued gold and silver colored nucleated pearls.We developed a line with golden nacre in the mantle edge by sampling breeders from the Sanya population of pearl oyster P.maxima.It is found that the total carotenoid content(TCC)in the mantle tissues of the strain group(SG)was significantly higher than that of the control group(CG).Differentially expressed genes between the strain and control group(a line with silver nacre in the mantle edge)were screened.A total of 28285 genes were annotated in the transcriptome.Totally,295 up-regulated genes and 254 down-regulated genes were annotated which the strain compared with the CG.Lipid-transport and metabolism genes,such as fatty acid-binding protein,cytochrome P4503A and ATP-binding cassette sub-family A were up-regulated in the line.The expression levels of candidate genes in the line were higher than those in the CG,which are basically consistent with the transcriptome results.These findings are helpful to understand carotenoid metabolism in golden colored nacre formation of pearl oyster P.maxima.

Sherwood Anderson＇s “Mother” and the Evaluation of the Genre

Sherwood Anderson＇s Winesburg, Ohio （1919） has been the focus of numerous studies from a number of standpoints. This paper explores a short story ＂Mother＂ （1919） from Winesburg, Ohio and studies it from an evaluation-based perspective embracing the analysis of the artistic language and the style of the author＇s narration. The main focus of the study is concentrated on the genre-related issues as well as on the determining the reason why Anderson avoids the development of the given text and transforming it into the regime of a more large-scale prose. As it turns out from the analysis, Anderson elaborates a specific style of narration and creates the form that can be characterized as the mode of ＂epic sketch＂. Anderson favors to use much smaller meter and scope, and that choice serves the writer＇s purpose to describe the psychological portrait of one of the characters of the above-mentioned short story.

Transcriptome analysis differentially expressed genes with total carotenoid contents in pearl oyster(Pinctada fucata martensii)

Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between individuals with high(HC)and low(LC)total carotenoid content(TCC)were sampled from a selected line of Pinctada fucata martensii with black shell in the prismatic layer.The expression levels of candidate genes were verified by qRT-PCR.Targeted resequencing was used to detect SNPs in a candidate gene,PmSR-BI.The association of TCC with SNPs in PmSR-BI was determined.Results showed that a total of 1025 DEGs were identified between HC and LC.The expression levels of the candidate gene PmSR-BI in HC were higher than those in LC.Seven SNPs in the exon and eight SNPs in the 5′regulatory regions of PmSR-BI were found.Association analysis showed that one SNP in the exon and two SNPs in the 5′regulatory regions of PmSR-BI were significantly associated with the TCC(P<0.05).All SNPs of PmSR-BI were divided into four blocks.CC haplotype in Block 1 and AG haplotype in Block 3 were significantly higher than other haplotypes.These results help elucidate the mechanism underlying carotenoid metabolism and develop marker-assisted breeding design in the species.

Gonadal Steroid Hormones Levels in a Bitch with True Bilateral Hermaphroditism

Intersexualism occurs in all species of maxnmals and the pathogenesis of abnormal development of the gonads is still unclear. Thus, the aim of this report is to describe the hormonal and histopathological findings from a case of bilateral true hermaphroditism in a mixed-breed bitch due to the few case reports published involving hormonal levels in dogs with intersexuality. Serum was obtained from the animal before surgery and was submitted to hormone measurements. Progesterone and testosterone were evaluated by radioimnunoassay and estrogen by ELISA （immune-enzymatic assay）. The values of progesterone, testosterone and estrogen concentrations were 2.26 ng/mL, 0.05 ng/mL and 9.7 pg/mL, respectively. The proportion of ovarian tissue found in the ovotestes after histopathological examination was higher in relation to seminiferous tubules, which may explain the low level of serum testosterone. Low concentration of serum testosterone may have contributed to the partial virilization of external genitalia, since the animal only had clitoral hypertrophy. Estrogen and progesterone levels found were compatible with the initial stage of estrus （preovulatory LH （luteinizing hormone） surge）, which shows that ovarian follicles found in the bilateral ovotestes contributed to the occurrence of the estrous cycle before surgery. Quantitation of serum hormones may also shed light on the cause of disturbances in sex differentiation in canine species. More studies are needed to elucidate the real cause of intersex in dogs.

Effects of oral administration recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing human-salmon calcitonin on hypercalcemia rats~

Recombinant human-salmon calcxtonin （hsCT） was synthesized and expressea on the cell surtaces ot recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae （yAGA2-hsCT） using the pAGA2-hsCT expression vector. Expression of recombinant hsCT was verified by flow cytometer.The resorption activity of osteoclasts was inhibited by recombinant hsCT protein which released from the cell surface of yAGA2-hsCT. Blood calcium determination in rats showed the activity of yAGA2-hsCT following oral administration of 5 mg/kg lyophilized transformant yeast to hypercalcemia rats decreases the serum calcium from 2.82 ±0.023 mM to 2.662 ± 0.012 mM.

Candida-associated gastric ulcer relapsing in a different position with a different appearance

An 87-year-old,Japanese woman was shown to have a submucosal tumor-like lesion with a deep,central ulceration covered with thick,whitish exudate in the stomach.Biopsy showed Candida tropicalis but not Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori).She had no predisposing factors or history of peptic ulcers nor had taken non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),diagnosed with Candida-associated gastric ulcer.Though cured of the lesion,she developed another ulcer in a different position,in which Candida was demonstrated but H.pylori was undetectable.This is the first case of recurrent Candida-associated gastric ulcer in the world.Detected in both the original and recurrent lesions in an H.pylori-negative patient with no antecedent ulcers who had not taken NSAIDs,Candida is considered,contrary to the prevailing opinion,to play an etiologic role in ulcer formation.

汉字转注的易形原则和方法

所谓形声字的易形原则,是指在汉字发展演变的历史过程中形声字更换类母(俗称“形符”)的规律。“类同而种别”和“类别而理通”是形声字更换类母的两大基本原则。其易形方法是“同位更换”和“异位更换”。形声字易形原则的建立,对汉字转注系统的研究、异体字的整理都具有重要的指导意义。

白金宝文化篦纹陶纹饰初论

'凹线纹凸、精巧美观'的篦纹陶纹饰展现了中华祖先的智慧与工艺,将文化性质与年代发展通过艺术的形式传递到现代文化的繁荣发展中。篦纹陶陶瓷纹饰文化来源于我国北方地区的白金宝文化遗存,这种富有表现力的篦纹陶传统工艺具有特定的文化内涵与时空范畴,很大程度促进了北方地区各区系陶瓷文化表面纹饰的繁荣发展。针对篦纹陶作为白金宝遗存中具有鲜明特色的考古文化代表,通过分析纹饰特点与类文饰母题的组合规律,探索松嫩平原的篦纹陶纹饰的文化堆积与递变发展的特点,推进现代考古工作对于篦纹陶特殊纹饰工艺的研究。

A CORPUS-BASED STUDY OF "ALMOST" AND "NEARLY" IN CHINESE EFL LEARNERS' WRITING

This paper makes a detailed study on the Chinese learners' use of almost and nearly by comparing the evidence from CLEC, WECCL and LOB. The findings show there are some differences in the learners' and the native speakers' use of the two commonly-used synonyms. Specifically, the Chinese learners (1) display an underuse of both almost and nearly in the overall frequency point of view; (2) tend to overuse, underuse and misuse some colligations; (3) use some inappropriate and atypical collocates; (4) get confused in some colligational and collocational patterns of almost and nearly. The discussions about the above differences reveal the learners' mother tongue interference and their confusion of the two synonyms may play important roles in these non-native uses. Some tentative suggestions are provided to English teaching and learning in China.

A STUDY OF THE ROLE OF L1-CHINESE IN ACQUIRING AN L2-ENGLISH WORD LACK BY CHINESE EFL LEARNERS

Based on Nation's (2004) classification of word knowledge and Jiang's(2000) psycholinguistic model of vocabulary acquisition in a second language,this experimental study centres on the role Of L1-Chinese in developing the semantic and syntactic aspects of the word lack by Chinese EFL learners.Two production tests and an acceptability test are employed among 90 subjects.From the results of the study,it can be seen that Chinese EFL learners have great difficulty in acquiring lack because of the negative influence of their L1- Chinese.That is,Chinese EFL learners are more likely to misuse an L2 word with multiple word classes, when the syntactic category of its L1-Chinese'equivalent'word is only identical with one of these classes. Thus,it is proposed that both Chinese EFL teachers and learners should pay more attention to the cross- language'equivalents'that do not belong to the same word-class category in their L2 word acquisition to prevent the negative Ll-transference and the occurrence of lexical fossilization.

Molecular assembly of recombinant chicken type II collagen in the yeast Pichia pastoris

Effective treatment of rheumatoid arthritis can be mediated by native chicken type II collagen(n CCII), recombinant peptide containing n CCII tolerogenic epitopes(CTEs), or a therapeutic DNA vaccine encoding the full-length CCOL2 A1 c DNA. As recombinant CCII(r CCII) might avoid potential pathogenic virus contamination during n CCII preparation or chromosomal integration and oncogene activation associated with DNA vaccines, here we evaluated the importance of propeptide and telopeptide domains on r CCII triple helix molecular assembly. We constructed p C-and p N-procollagen(without N-or Cpropeptides, respectively) as well as CTEs located in the triple helical domain lacking both propeptides and telopeptides, and expressed these in yeast Pichia pastoris host strain GS115(his4, Mut+) simultaneously with recombinant chicken prolyl-4-hydroxylase α and β subunits. Both p C-and p N-procollagen monomers accumulated inside P. pastoris cells, whereas CTE was assembled into homotrimers with stable conformation and secreted into the supernatants, suggesting that the large molecular weight p C-or p N-procollagens were retained within the endoplasmic reticulum whereas the smaller CTEs proceeded through the secretory pathway. Furthermore, resulting recombinant chicken type II collagen p Cα1(II) can induce collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rat model, which seems to be as effective as the current standard n CCII. Notably, protease digestion assays showed that r CCII could assemble in the absence of C-and N-propeptides or telopeptides. These findings provide new insights into the minimal structural requirements for r CCII expression and folding.

弹药失效模式分析方法研究

本文对弹药失效模式分析方法进行了理论研究，并对弹药失效模式进行了分类及定义，提出了弹药失效模式的分析方法和步骤。为弹药失效模式的分析提供了理论基础。

热带雨林小生灵

非洲，一个让人着迷和遐想的地方：火热的赤道、巨大的树木、怪异的藤本植物、滂沱的暴雨、动物的世界……不止这些，还有一个更丰富、更神奇却不被不被人所重视的世界，隐藏在这片天地里。因为它太微小，以致我们的眼睛无法看到。这里，一切简直都像科幻。这些非洲丛林的小动物似乎属于另一个星球，殊不知，它们身上拥有先于我们产生的秘密。

Transcriptome profile of human neuroblastoma cells in the hypomagnetic field

Research has shown that the hypomagnetic field(HMF)can affect embryo development,cell proliferation,learning and memory,and in vitro tubulin assembly.In the present study,we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which the HMF exerts its effect,by comparing the transcriptome profiles of human neuroblastoma cells exposed to either the HMF or the geomagnetic field.A total of 2464 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified,216 of which were up-regulated and2248 of which were down-regulated after exposure to the HMF.These DEGs were found to be significantly clustered into several key processes,namely macromolecule localization,protein transport,RNA processing,and brain function.Seventeen DEGs were verified by real-time quantitative PCR,and the expression levels of nine of these DEGs were measured every 6 h.Most notably,MAPK1 and CRY2,showed significant up-and down-regulation,respectively,during the first 6 h of HMF exposure,which suggests involvement of the MAPK pathway and cryptochrome in the early bio-HMF response.Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed biological effects of the HMF.