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谈对外汉语“文化词汇”的类聚性及教学策略 被引量:12
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作者 王衍军 《华文教学与研究》 CSSCI 2013年第3期34-40,共7页
汉语词汇系统中存在着大量的文化词汇,这些文化词汇的背后隐含着汉民族的思维模式、生活方式和社会文化背景,这种隐蔽的文化义给留学生在理解和使用上都带来相当大的困难。对外汉语本科三、四年级的课程体系中应增加一门"文化词汇&... 汉语词汇系统中存在着大量的文化词汇,这些文化词汇的背后隐含着汉民族的思维模式、生活方式和社会文化背景,这种隐蔽的文化义给留学生在理解和使用上都带来相当大的困难。对外汉语本科三、四年级的课程体系中应增加一门"文化词汇"课,以加强文化词汇的教学。在教学上,应结合汉民族文化背景,以类统摄,根据语义场理论,采用多种教学策略,注重实践性,提高留学生实际应用汉语的能力。 展开更多
关键词 对外汉语 文化词汇 类聚性 词汇教学
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中国政府机构改革的主旋律:同构性与类聚性——基于2018年国务院与省级政府机构改革的分析 被引量:6
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作者 刘朋朋 《中共福建省委党校学报》 北大核心 2019年第4期89-100,共12页
政府机构改革是党和国家机构改革的重要内容,是国家治理变革的必然要求。通过比较分析国务院与省级政府机构改革的情况发现,与以往相比, 2018年政府机构改革的强度和幅度均较大,"横向广度"和"纵向深度"齐头并进;在... 政府机构改革是党和国家机构改革的重要内容,是国家治理变革的必然要求。通过比较分析国务院与省级政府机构改革的情况发现,与以往相比, 2018年政府机构改革的强度和幅度均较大,"横向广度"和"纵向深度"齐头并进;在机构限额要求下,地方一般"顶额设置"部门机构;在机构改革过程中地方虽然拥有了一定的自主权,但其可因地制宜自主设置机构的数量空间相对有限,机构设置总体呈现"上下贯通"与"左右对齐"的类聚性和同构性,政府机构同构是中国政府机构改革的主旋律,是政府条块管理体制下中央与地方政府职能有效传接的组织保障。 展开更多
关键词 政府机构改革 同构 类聚性 政府治理
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单元教学中类聚性原则的运用
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作者 李胜志 《中学语文教学参考(教师版)》 2003年第4期56-57,共2页
关键词 单元教学 类聚性原则 语文 中学
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《说文》部首语义结构特点及其认知特征分析 被引量:2
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作者 卢凤鹏 《毕节学院学报(综合版)》 2009年第9期79-84,共6页
许慎创立了540个部首,将九千多个词语悉归540部首之下,体现了许慎在词汇系统建构方面的重要观念。部首不仅是联系汉字形体的线索,而且是词汇语义系统类聚的标记,是语义场理论的一种不自觉的实践和运用,具有重要的理论价值和语料价值。因... 许慎创立了540个部首,将九千多个词语悉归540部首之下,体现了许慎在词汇系统建构方面的重要观念。部首不仅是联系汉字形体的线索,而且是词汇语义系统类聚的标记,是语义场理论的一种不自觉的实践和运用,具有重要的理论价值和语料价值。因此,探讨《说文》部首语义结构的特点,阐释秦汉时期人们对客观事物的认知特征,对建构上古时期的词汇语义系统具有重要的现实意义。 展开更多
关键词 《说文》部首 语义的类聚性 认知特征
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The Application of RAPD Markers in Diversity Detection and Variety Identification of Porphyra 被引量:45
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作者 贾建航 王萍 +5 位作者 金德敏 曲雪萍 王倩 李传友 翁曼丽 王斌 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2000年第4期403-407,共5页
RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers were generated from filaments of 15 Porphyra lines representing four important groups, P. yezoensis, P. haitanensis, P. katadai var. hemiphylla and P. olig... RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers were generated from filaments of 15 Porphyra lines representing four important groups, P. yezoensis, P. haitanensis, P. katadai var. hemiphylla and P. oligospermatangia . Among the total 69 fragments generated by 6 selected primers (among 50 primers), 67 appeared to be polymorphic (97.1%). Cluster analysis based on the RAPD results was performed. The 15 Porphyra lines were divided into 3 groups. This result was consistent with that from taxonomy analysis. A DNA fingerprinting based on 8 bands amplified with OPN_02 and OPJ_18 was constructed and might be used in Porphyra variety identification. Five specific RAPD fragments of 5 Porphyra lines were isolated and cloned into pGEM_T easy vector. These five RAPD fragments may be useful in germplasm identification and property protection of Porphyra . 展开更多
关键词 RAPD genetic diversity cluster analysis PORPHYRA germplasm identification
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Effect of slice scope on data slice-based class cohesion metrics 被引量:3
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作者 周毓明 徐宝文 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2008年第2期174-177,共4页
This paper suggests that a single class rather than methods should be used as the slice scope to compute class cohesion. First, for a given attribute, the statements in all methods that last define the attribute are c... This paper suggests that a single class rather than methods should be used as the slice scope to compute class cohesion. First, for a given attribute, the statements in all methods that last define the attribute are computed. Then, the forward and backward data slices for this attribute are generated by using the class as the slice scope and are combined to compute the corresponding class data slice. Finally, the class cohesion is computed based on all class data slices for the attributes. Compared to traditional cohesion metrics that use methods as the slice scope, the proposed metrics that use a single class as slice scope take into account the possible interactions between the methods. The experimental results show that class cohesion can be more accurately measured when using the class as the slice scope. 展开更多
关键词 COHESION class data slice metrics OBJECT-ORIENTED
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ALLIED FUZZY c-MEANS CLUSTERING MODEL 被引量:2
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作者 武小红 周建江 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI 2006年第3期208-213,共6页
A novel model of fuzzy clustering, i.e. an allied fuzzy c means (AFCM) model is proposed based on the combination of advantages of fuzzy c means (FCM) and possibilistic c means (PCM) clustering. PCM is sensitive... A novel model of fuzzy clustering, i.e. an allied fuzzy c means (AFCM) model is proposed based on the combination of advantages of fuzzy c means (FCM) and possibilistic c means (PCM) clustering. PCM is sensitive to initializations and often generates coincident clusters. AFCM overcomes this shortcoming and it is an ex tension of PCM. Membership and typicality values can be simultaneously produced in AFCM. Experimental re- suits show that noise data can be well processed, coincident clusters are avoided and clustering accuracy is better. 展开更多
关键词 fuzzy c-means clustering possibilistic c means clustering allied fuzzy c-means clustering
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Genetic Diversity and Clustering Analysis of 48Cultivars of Olea euyopaea L. 被引量:1
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作者 宁德鲁 陈少瑜 +4 位作者 陈海云 李瑞 李勇杰 毛云玲 吴涛 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第9期1215-1219,共5页
Inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR) molecular markers were applied to analyze the genetic diversity and clustering of 48 introduced and bred cultivars of Olea euyopaea L. Totally 106 DNA bands were amplified by 11 sc... Inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR) molecular markers were applied to analyze the genetic diversity and clustering of 48 introduced and bred cultivars of Olea euyopaea L. Totally 106 DNA bands were amplified by 11 screened primers, including 99 polymorphic bands; the percentage of polymorphic loci was 93.40%, indicating a rich genetic diversity in Olea euyopaea L. germplasm resources. Based on Nei's genetic distances between various cultivars, a dendrogram of 48 cultivars of Olea euyopaea L. was constructed using unweighted pair-group(UPMGA)method,which showed that 48 cultivars were clustered into four main categories; 84.6% of native cultivars were clustered into two categories; most of introduced cultivars were clustered based on their sources and main usages but not on their geographic origins. This study will provide references for the utilization and further genetic improvement of Olea euyopaea L. germplasm resources. 展开更多
关键词 Olea euyopaea L. Genetic diversity Clustering analysis
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Variation and Cluster Analysis on Leaf Characters from Different Provenance Sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb 被引量:2
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作者 韦艳梅 王凌晖 +2 位作者 曹福亮 韦山青 梁耀丹 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第6期94-98,共5页
[Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance so... [Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance sources to provide basis for the classification,identification,breeding and improved variety selection of P.multiflorum.[Method] Leaf shape characters of 31 copies of germplasm resources in the major distribution region of the whole country were determined,and the genetic variation of P.multiflorum leaves from different producing areas was analyzed.[Result] The leaf characters of single plant of the same experimental provenance source of P.multiflorum were relatively stable,the variation was mainly found on the single leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf width and other indicators;the variation of each leaf character among different provenance sources was obvious,and the variation was mainly found on the single leaf weight,leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf length and other indicators.The correlation analysis of each leaf character in P.multiflorum suggested that the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed extremely significant positive correlation with leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf thickness and leaf stem length,while the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed significant negative correlation with WWR(leaf width/1/2 leaf width)and LWR(leaf length/1/2 leaf length),in addition,several macroscopic leaf characters such as leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf stem length showed extremely positive correlation.The main component analysis result suggested that the contribution rate of accumulation variance of the front three main components was up to 97.4%,which could better reflect the comprehensive performance of leaf characters of different provenance sources of P.multiflorum.The cluster analysis showed that the experimental 31 copies of P.multiflorum provenance sources should be divided into three classes,the first class was distributed in the Middle,Western of Guizhou,northwestern of Guangxi and western areas with higher altitude;the second class was distributed in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangdong and the most area of Guangxi;the third class was distributed in Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan and Shandong.[Conclusion] Cluster analysis of leaf characters indicated that the kinds of provenance sources which the geographical position was closer could be got together.The study had provided a certain basis for the classification of P.multiflorum. 展开更多
关键词 Polygonum multiflorum Thunb Leaf characters VARIATION Cluster analysis
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Research on Genetic Diversities between Xiaogan Water Chestnut and Wild Chestnut by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technology 被引量:3
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作者 盛继群 曹姣 李建华 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第8期84-86,90,共4页
[Objective] The aim was to study the genetic diversities between Xiaogan water chestnut and wild chestnut with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology. [Method] Genetic diversities of the local cultivat... [Objective] The aim was to study the genetic diversities between Xiaogan water chestnut and wild chestnut with randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technology. [Method] Genetic diversities of the local cultivated water chestnut,wild chestnut,Lepironia articulata and Scirpus planiculmis Fr. Schmidt were analyzed by RAPD technology. [Result] Among the screened random primers 841,842,807 and 840,the polymorphism of amplification product of 841 was evident,and the obtained bands in electrophoresis were clear and showed good repeatability. Cluster analysis result showed that the affinity of cultivated water chestnut and wild water chestnut was nearer than that between Lepironia articulata and Scirpus planiculmis. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for cultivating high-quality new varieties of water chestnut. 展开更多
关键词 Water chestnut RAPD Cluster analysis Genetic diversities
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Study on the tradeoff between interpretability and precision in fuzzy modeling 被引量:1
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作者 邢宗义 胡维礼 贾利民 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2004年第4期472-476,共5页
An approach to identifying fuzzy models considering both interpretability and precision was proposed. Firstly, interpretability issues about fuzzy models were analyzed. Then, a heuristic strategy was used to select in... An approach to identifying fuzzy models considering both interpretability and precision was proposed. Firstly, interpretability issues about fuzzy models were analyzed. Then, a heuristic strategy was used to select input variables by increasing the number of input variables, and the Gustafson-Kessel fuzzy clustering algorithm, combined with the least square method, was used to identify the fuzzy model. Subsequently, an interpretability measure was described by the product of the number of input variables and the number of rules, while precision was weighted by root mean square error, and the selection objective function concerning interpretability and precision was defined. Given the maximum and minimum number of input variables and rules, a set of fuzzy models was constructed. Finally, the optimal fuzzy model was selected by the objective function, and was optimized by a genetic algorithm to achieve a good tradeoff between interpretability and precision. The performance of the proposed method was illustrated by the well-known Box-Jenkins gas furnace benchmark; the results demonstrate its validity. 展开更多
关键词 Computer simulation Gas furnaces Genetic algorithms Heuristic methods Lagrange multipliers Least squares approximations
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Resistance Evaluation of Capsicum spp. Germplasm to Meloidogyne incognita 被引量:3
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作者 刘子记 杜公福 +2 位作者 朱婕 申龙斌 曹振木 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第7期1723-1728,共6页
[Objective] This study aimed to screen out hot pepper germplasms highly resistant to Meloidogyne incognita, thereby providing resistant resources for hot pep- per breeding. [Method] Comprehensive analysis combining cl... [Objective] This study aimed to screen out hot pepper germplasms highly resistant to Meloidogyne incognita, thereby providing resistant resources for hot pep- per breeding. [Method] Comprehensive analysis combining cluster analysis and sub- ordinate function was conducted through determining related resistance indexes of 67 hot pepper germplasms 50 days after inoculated with M. incognita. [Result] The effects of M. incognita on related resistance indexes were significantly different am- ong the hot pepper germplasms. Egg index and gall index had abundant genetic variation with variation coefficients of 143.16% and 118.95%, respectively. Based on the gall indexes, cluster analysis of hot pepper germplasms was performed. The 67 hot pepper germplasms were divided into 4 groups (resistant, moderately resistant, susceptible and high susceptible). The resistance intensity of the hot pepper germplasms were ranked according to the sum of subordinate function values of various resistance indexes. The total function values of Rela 2 and L506M were the largest (2.00), indicating that these two germplasms were immune to M. incognita. The total function values of L287-2, L522-1M, L504M, L515-2, 13SM100-1, L512M, L292-1, L319, L316, L317, 13SM87-1 and Rela 5 were larger than 1.95, indicating that these germplasms were highly resistant to M. incognita. [Conclusion] This study could provide certain resistant resources for resistance breeding of hot pepper to M. incognita. 展开更多
关键词 Capsicum spp. Gerrnplasm Meloidogyne incognita Resistance index Cluster analysis Subordinate function analysis
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Morphological Diversity Analysis of Red-seed Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao) Germplasm Resources 被引量:1
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作者 柳唐镜 张棵 吴素萍 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第3期458-465,共8页
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the morphological diversity of red- seed watermelon (Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao) germplasm resources. [Method] Multiple cluster analysis an... [Objective] This study aimed to analyze the morphological diversity of red- seed watermelon (Citrullus lanatus ssp. vulgaris var. megalaspermus Lin et Chao) germplasm resources. [Method] Multiple cluster analysis and principal components analysis on the morphological traits of 51 red-seed watermelon germplasm resources were carried out. [Result] The coefficient of variations (CVs) of 39 morphological traits in 51 red-seed watermelon idioplasm resources ranged from 5.37% to 66.95%, with an average of 22.87%. The average of Shannon diversity information indices was 1.55. Among them, the Shannon diversity information index of seed length was the highest (2.16) and that of seed shell figure pattern was the lowest (0.32). In ad- dition, the morphological diversity information indices of quantity characters were higher than that of quality characters. The principal components analysis revealed that the variance contribution rates of the first, second and third principal compo- nents were 19.49%, 15.32% and 9.55%, respectively. Cluster analysis divided the 51 materials into three broad branches based on the morphological traits. There was only one material in the fist branch and two in the second branch, and all the three materials were wild. The other 48 materials were divided into the third branch and all of them were cultivars. [Conclusion] This study provided a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of red-seed watermelon resources. 展开更多
关键词 Red-seed watermelon Germplasm resources Morphological diversity Cluster analysis Principal component analysis
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Clustering analysis algorithm for security supervising data based on semantic description in coal mines 被引量:1
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作者 孟凡荣 周勇 夏士雄 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2008年第3期354-357,共4页
In order to mine production and security information from security supervising data and to ensure security and safety involved in production and decision-making,a clustering analysis algorithm for security supervising... In order to mine production and security information from security supervising data and to ensure security and safety involved in production and decision-making,a clustering analysis algorithm for security supervising data based on a semantic description in coal mines is studied.First,the semantic and numerical-based hybrid description method of security supervising data in coal mines is described.Secondly,the similarity measurement method of semantic and numerical data are separately given and a weight-based hybrid similarity measurement method for the security supervising data based on a semantic description in coal mines is presented.Thirdly,taking the hybrid similarity measurement method as the distance criteria and using a grid methodology for reference,an improved CURE clustering algorithm based on the grid is presented.Finally,the simulation results of a security supervising data set in coal mines validate the efficiency of the algorithm. 展开更多
关键词 semantic description clustering analysis algorithm similarity measurement
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Characterizing heterogeneity in vehicular traffic speed using two-step cluster analysis 被引量:3
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作者 潘义勇 孙璐 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2012年第4期480-484,共5页
In order to analyze the heterogeneity in vehicular traffic speed, a new method that integrates cluster analysis and probability distribution function fitting is presented. First, for identifying the optimal number of ... In order to analyze the heterogeneity in vehicular traffic speed, a new method that integrates cluster analysis and probability distribution function fitting is presented. First, for identifying the optimal number of clusters, the two-step cluster method is applied to analyze actual speed data, which suggests that dividing speed data into two clusters can best reflect the intrinsic patterns of traffic flows. Such information is then taken as guidance in probability distribution function fitting. The normal, skew-normal and skew-t distribution functions are used to fit the probability distribution of each cluster respectively, which suggests that the skew-t distribution has the highest fitting accuracy; the second is skew-normal distribution; the worst is normal distribution. Model analysis results demonstrate that the proposed mixture model has a better fitting and generalization capability than the conventional single model. In addition, the new method is more flexible in terms of data fitting and can provide a more accurate model of speed distribution. 展开更多
关键词 speed distribution HETEROGENEITY mixture model cluster analysis
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Analysis on the Main Botanical Characters of 41 Cucurbita moschata Varieties 被引量:1
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作者 韩小霞 胡新军 +2 位作者 粟建文 袁祖华 李勇奇 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2015年第9期1891-1896,共6页
In order to scientifically evaluate the values of Cucurbita moschata cultivars, main botanical characters including the initial flowering date, the first fruiting node, fruit length, fruit stem length, stem diameter, ... In order to scientifically evaluate the values of Cucurbita moschata cultivars, main botanical characters including the initial flowering date, the first fruiting node, fruit length, fruit stem length, stem diameter, internode length, the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the largest leaf, single fruit weight, flesh thickness and soluble solid content of 41 cultivars were measured for conducting diversity, correlation and cluster analysis. The results revealed that the pumpkin cultivars showed large variations in fruit stem length, single fruit weight, fruit length and flesh thickness, but small variations in initial flowering date. Significant, even highly significant correlations were found among the tested traits. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the 41 old Cucurbita moschata cultivars were divided into three groups, of which multiple traits of Group 1 were better than those in the other two groups. High similarities existed in three groups and the cultivars in each group. This research provided basis for selecting excellent traits and parents for the breeding of hybrids. 展开更多
关键词 Cucurbita moschata Botanical character Diversity analysis Cluster analysis
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Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis of Fagopyrum tataricum Varieties(Lines) 被引量:2
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作者 赵建栋 李秀莲 +2 位作者 史兴海 陈稳良 高伟 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第12期2707-2712,共6页
In order to reveal the genetic differences and agronomic traits of Fagopy-rum tataricum_ varieties (lines) intuitively, explore good resources and avoid the blindness of parent selection during the breeding process,... In order to reveal the genetic differences and agronomic traits of Fagopy-rum tataricum_ varieties (lines) intuitively, explore good resources and avoid the blindness of parent selection during the breeding process, six primary agronomic traits of 45 F. tataricum_ varieties (lines) that came from the eleven buckwheat breeding departments across the country were analyzed with principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results of principal component analysis showed that the six agronomic traits could be simplified into three principal components, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 83%. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 45 F. tataricum varieties (lines) were classified into four groups:high stalk, medium yield and smal grain type, medium stalk, high yield and large grain type, medium stalk, low yield and smal grain type and high stalk, medium yield and medium grain type. Among them, performance of comprehensive trait of the second type was better than that of the other types. Thus, the F. tataricum_va-rieties (lines) that were classified into the second type could be considered as good varieties (lines) or breeding materials. The genetic differences among F. tataricum_varieties (lines) had no necessary correlations with origin and geographical distance. ln addition to complementary traits and geographical distance, genetic distances (dif-ferent populations) should be taken into consideration during parent selection in cross breeding. 展开更多
关键词 Fagopyrum tataricum Agronomic traits Cluster analysis
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Ontology-based similarity measure for text clustering 被引量:1
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作者 颜端武 李晓鹏 +1 位作者 王磊 成晓 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2006年第3期389-393,共5页
A method that combines category-based and keyword-based concepts for a better information retrieval system is introduced. To improve document clustering, a document similarity measure based on cosine vector and keywor... A method that combines category-based and keyword-based concepts for a better information retrieval system is introduced. To improve document clustering, a document similarity measure based on cosine vector and keywords frequency in documents is proposed, but also with an input ontology. The ontology is domain specific and includes a list of keywords organized by degree of importance to the categories of the ontology, and by means of semantic knowledge, the ontology can improve the effects of document similarity measure and feedback of information retrieval systems. Two approaches to evaluating the performance of this similarity measure and the comparison with standard cosine vector similarity measure are also described. 展开更多
关键词 similarity measure text clustering ONTOLOGY information retrieval system
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Mining maximal pattern-based subspace clusters in high dimensional space
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作者 卢炎生 胡蓉 +1 位作者 邹磊 周翀 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2006年第4期490-495,共6页
The problem of pattern-based subspace clustering, a special type of subspace clustering that uses pattern similarity as a measure of similarity, is studied. Unlike most traditional clustering algorithms that group the... The problem of pattern-based subspace clustering, a special type of subspace clustering that uses pattern similarity as a measure of similarity, is studied. Unlike most traditional clustering algorithms that group the close values of objects in all the dimensions or a set of dimensions, clustering by pattern similarity shows an interesting pattern, where objects exhibit a coherent pattern of rise and fall in subspaces. A novel approach, named EMaPle to mine the maximal pattern-based subspace clusters, is designed. The EMaPle searches clusters only in the attribute enumeration spaces which are relatively few compared to the large number of row combinations in the typical datasets, and it exploits novel pruning techniques. EMaPle can find the clusters satisfying coherent constraints, size constraints and sign constraints neglected in MaPle. Both synthetic data sets and real data sets are used to evaluate EMaPle and demonstrate that it is more effective and scalable than MaPle. 展开更多
关键词 subspace clustering pattern similarity maximal pattern-based subspace clusters
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从音义关系看声训的依据与局限 被引量:2
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作者 石裕慧 《怀化师专学报》 1996年第3期312-316,共5页
关键词 音义关系 训诂方式 声训 形训 古汉字 形体构造 类聚性 错综 音近义通 使用范固
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