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类脑机的思想与体系结构综述 被引量:10
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作者 黄铁军 余肇飞 刘怡俊 《计算机研究与发展》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2019年第6期1135-1148,共14页
经典计算机的理论边界在1936年就由图灵确定了,冯·诺依曼体系结构计算机也受限于图灵机模型.囿于神经形态器件的缺失,神经网络模型一直在经典计算机上运行.然而,冯·诺依曼体系结构与神经网络的异步并行结构及通信机制并不匹配... 经典计算机的理论边界在1936年就由图灵确定了,冯·诺依曼体系结构计算机也受限于图灵机模型.囿于神经形态器件的缺失,神经网络模型一直在经典计算机上运行.然而,冯·诺依曼体系结构与神经网络的异步并行结构及通信机制并不匹配,表现之一是功耗巨大,发展面向神经网络的体系结构,对于人工智能乃至一般意义上的信息处理都是重要方向.类脑机是仿照生物神经网络、采用神经形态器件构造的、以时空信息处理为特征的智能机器.类脑机的思想在计算机发明之前就提出了,研究开发实践也已经进行了30多年,多台类脑系统已经上线运行,其中SpiNNaker专注于类脑系统的体系结构研究,提出了一种行之有效的类脑方案.未来20年左右,预计模式动物大脑和人脑的精细解析将逐步完成,模拟生物神经元和神经突触信息处理功能的神经形态器件及集成工艺将逐步成熟,结构逼近大脑、性能远超大脑的类脑机有望实现.类脑机像生物大脑一样都是脉冲神经网络,神经形态器件具有真正的随机性,因此类脑机具备丰富的非线性动力学行为.已证明任何图灵机均可由脉冲神经网络构造出来,类脑机在理论上是否能够超越图灵机,是需要突破的一个重大问题. 展开更多
关键词 类脑机 脉冲神经网络 神经形态计算 图灵 突触可塑性
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The Role of Predominant Expression of Th2 Type Cytokines Gene in the Genesis and Development of Human Gliomas 被引量:1
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作者 李刚 胡永生 +3 位作者 李新钢 张庆林 贾德泽 宫崧峰 《The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology》 CAS 2003年第4期227-230,252,253,共6页
Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as... Objective: To explore the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its role in the genesis and development of human gliomas.Methods: Using IL-2 and IFNγ as Th1 type cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 as Th2 type cytokines, the biological activity of cytokines in the supernatant of glioma cell lines was assayed by ELISA method, and the gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines were detected by RT-PCR.Results: There was predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes and glioma cell lines, but there was no such expression in normal brain tissues.Conclusion: It suggested that there is a relationship between the Th2 type cytokines expression in human gliomas and the immunosupressive status of human glioma patients. The predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the genesis and development of human gliomas. Key words glioma - Th1/Th2 - gene expression - RT-PCR This project was supported by a grant from National Natural Sciences foundation of China (No. 30271335). 展开更多
关键词 GLIOMA TH1/TH2 gene expression RT-PCR
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P300 EEG Recognition Based on SVM Approach 被引量:2
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作者 LIU Hui ZHOU Wei-dong HUANG An-hu 《Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition)》 2009年第1期35-39,共5页
In this paper, we used SVM method to detect P300 signal. Before training a classification parameter for the SVM, several preprocessing operations were applied to the data including filtering, downsampling, single tria... In this paper, we used SVM method to detect P300 signal. Before training a classification parameter for the SVM, several preprocessing operations were applied to the data including filtering, downsampling, single trial extraction, windsorizing, electrode selection et al. With the SVM algorithm, the classification accuracy could be up to above 80%. In some cases, the accuracy could reach 100%. It is suitable to use SVM for P300 EEG recognition in the P300-based brain-computer interface (BCI) system. Our further work will include the improvement to yield higher classification accuracy using fewer trials. 展开更多
关键词 support vector machine SVM event related potential (ERP) P300 EEG classification brain-computer interface (BCI)
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