【目的】为内蒙古地区宜机械粒收玉米品种评价提供数据支持及生产上宜机械粒收玉米品种选择和适时收获提供参考。【方法】以极早熟、早熟、中早熟、中熟、中晚熟、晚熟6个熟期组代表玉米品种为试验材料,在内蒙古7个玉米种植区域同步开...【目的】为内蒙古地区宜机械粒收玉米品种评价提供数据支持及生产上宜机械粒收玉米品种选择和适时收获提供参考。【方法】以极早熟、早熟、中早熟、中熟、中晚熟、晚熟6个熟期组代表玉米品种为试验材料,在内蒙古7个玉米种植区域同步开展机械粒收性状研究,于生理成熟,生理成熟后10、20、30 d 4个收获时间,测定植株倒伏倒折率、籽粒含水率以及籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率;利用内蒙古各区域鉴选的宜机械粒收品种进行60000、75000、90000、105000株/hm^(2)4个密度梯度下的产量比较。【结果】植株倒伏倒折率随生理成熟后天数的增加呈上升趋势;籽粒含水率和脱水速率随生理成熟后天数的增加呈下降趋势;籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率均随生理成熟后天数的增加而降低。籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率与籽粒含水率均呈一元二次曲线关系,当籽粒含水率依次为16.1%、17.0%和15.6%时,籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率最小,分别为1.3%、1.1%和0.6%。脱水速率与日平均气温呈一元二次曲线关系,当日平均气温在0~5℃时,脱水缓慢,日脱水0.197~0.211个百分点,从生理成熟到籽粒含水率降至25.0%时所需的积温为100~200℃。各区域宜机械粒收品种的适宜种植密度为90000株/hm^(2)。【结论】明确了宜机械粒收玉米评价指标:收获期植株倒伏倒折率≤5.0%、籽粒含水率≤25.0%、籽粒破碎率≤5.0%、籽粒破损率≤2.0%、杂质率≤1.1%、产量损失率≤5.0%,适宜收获期为生理成熟后10~20 d,适宜种植密度为90000株/hm^(2)。展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the dry matter accumulation,moisture content in maize kernel and their influences on mechanical harvesting.[Methods] Using Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu...[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the dry matter accumulation,moisture content in maize kernel and their influences on mechanical harvesting.[Methods] Using Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu 16 as experimental materials,we preliminarily measured the dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation and moisture content with the days after pollination lasted,and investigated the effect of moisture content in kernels on mechanical harvesting of Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16.[Results] During summer growing season,Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 became physiologically mature and suitable for harvesting at about 51 days after pollination,Xianyu 335 and Hongda 8 required 58 days to become physiologically mature and suitable for harvesting after pollination.At physiologically mature stage,the moisture contents in kernels of Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu 16 were respectively 33.74%,28.86%,32.05% and 35.24%,respectively.Adopting mechanical harvesting at physiologically mature stage,the kernel loss rate of Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 was consistent with the range of mechanical operation index（kernel loss rate of 0.84%≤2%）,while the percentage of broken kernels did not accord with the range of mechanical operation index（kernel crashing rate of 10.12%≧1%）.The results indicate that Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 are not suitable for mechanical harvesting using full feeding combine havester.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for improving the maize harvest index under delayed harvesting.展开更多
Liposomes were prepared with natural soybean phospholipids by extrusion method after rotating-film evaporating technique. Transmission electron micrography was used to detect the appearances of the prepared liposomes,...Liposomes were prepared with natural soybean phospholipids by extrusion method after rotating-film evaporating technique. Transmission electron micrography was used to detect the appearances of the prepared liposomes, and the liposome diameter was also measured. The prepared liposomes were sphere in shape with the mean diameter of 217 nm and span of 0.838. The phospholipid bilayer structure, suitable for entrapping various effector molecules, could be seen clearly under transmission electron microscopy. The bile salts of sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate were used as the surfactants to investigate their interaction with liposomes. The turbidities for the mixture of bile salts and liposomes were evaluated by the visible spectrometry method at the wavelength of 500 nm. And the diameter changes of liposomes were also tested to examine the effect of bile salts on liposomes. At the beginning, the diameters and turbidities of liposomes increased a little as the result of mixed micelles formation during the different stages for the structure changes of surfactant-liposomes micelles. The further added bile salts decreased the diameters and turbidities of liposomes. The liposome suspension underwent several rearrangements before small mixed micelles formed. And the diameter of liposomes changed regularly. The interaction of bile salts and liposomes is important for the further study of the behaviors of liposomes in vivo. The drug loaded and release properties of liposomes can also be well reflected by the interaction of liposomes and surfactants.展开更多
[ Objective] The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical base of optimal cultivation management for the high yield and good quality and high efficiency of winter wheat. [ Method] The effects of two sulfur fertilizer...[ Objective] The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical base of optimal cultivation management for the high yield and good quality and high efficiency of winter wheat. [ Method] The effects of two sulfur fertilizer application methods on dynamic changes of grain protein content and glutenin content of Yumai 49 and Yumai 66 during wheat grain filling stage were studied under the field conditions. [Result] Both the grain protein and glutenin content of two cultivars were increased by sulfur fertilizer, particularly, the effects on Yumai 49 were more significant.[ Conclusion] The grain content and glutenin content of different wheat cultivars could be increased by taking different sulfur fertilizer application methods.展开更多
文摘【目的】为内蒙古地区宜机械粒收玉米品种评价提供数据支持及生产上宜机械粒收玉米品种选择和适时收获提供参考。【方法】以极早熟、早熟、中早熟、中熟、中晚熟、晚熟6个熟期组代表玉米品种为试验材料,在内蒙古7个玉米种植区域同步开展机械粒收性状研究,于生理成熟,生理成熟后10、20、30 d 4个收获时间,测定植株倒伏倒折率、籽粒含水率以及籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率;利用内蒙古各区域鉴选的宜机械粒收品种进行60000、75000、90000、105000株/hm^(2)4个密度梯度下的产量比较。【结果】植株倒伏倒折率随生理成熟后天数的增加呈上升趋势;籽粒含水率和脱水速率随生理成熟后天数的增加呈下降趋势;籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率均随生理成熟后天数的增加而降低。籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率与籽粒含水率均呈一元二次曲线关系,当籽粒含水率依次为16.1%、17.0%和15.6%时,籽粒破碎率、籽粒破损率、杂质率最小,分别为1.3%、1.1%和0.6%。脱水速率与日平均气温呈一元二次曲线关系,当日平均气温在0~5℃时,脱水缓慢,日脱水0.197~0.211个百分点,从生理成熟到籽粒含水率降至25.0%时所需的积温为100~200℃。各区域宜机械粒收品种的适宜种植密度为90000株/hm^(2)。【结论】明确了宜机械粒收玉米评价指标:收获期植株倒伏倒折率≤5.0%、籽粒含水率≤25.0%、籽粒破碎率≤5.0%、籽粒破损率≤2.0%、杂质率≤1.1%、产量损失率≤5.0%,适宜收获期为生理成熟后10~20 d,适宜种植密度为90000株/hm^(2)。
基金Supported by Supporting Program for Sci & Tech Research of China(2009BADA6B01)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(090411017)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the dry matter accumulation,moisture content in maize kernel and their influences on mechanical harvesting.[Methods] Using Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu 16 as experimental materials,we preliminarily measured the dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation and moisture content with the days after pollination lasted,and investigated the effect of moisture content in kernels on mechanical harvesting of Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16.[Results] During summer growing season,Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 became physiologically mature and suitable for harvesting at about 51 days after pollination,Xianyu 335 and Hongda 8 required 58 days to become physiologically mature and suitable for harvesting after pollination.At physiologically mature stage,the moisture contents in kernels of Zhengdan 958,Xianyu 335,Hongda 8 and Liyu 16 were respectively 33.74%,28.86%,32.05% and 35.24%,respectively.Adopting mechanical harvesting at physiologically mature stage,the kernel loss rate of Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 was consistent with the range of mechanical operation index（kernel loss rate of 0.84%≤2%）,while the percentage of broken kernels did not accord with the range of mechanical operation index（kernel crashing rate of 10.12%≧1%）.The results indicate that Zhengdan 958 and Liyu 16 are not suitable for mechanical harvesting using full feeding combine havester.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for improving the maize harvest index under delayed harvesting.
文摘Liposomes were prepared with natural soybean phospholipids by extrusion method after rotating-film evaporating technique. Transmission electron micrography was used to detect the appearances of the prepared liposomes, and the liposome diameter was also measured. The prepared liposomes were sphere in shape with the mean diameter of 217 nm and span of 0.838. The phospholipid bilayer structure, suitable for entrapping various effector molecules, could be seen clearly under transmission electron microscopy. The bile salts of sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate were used as the surfactants to investigate their interaction with liposomes. The turbidities for the mixture of bile salts and liposomes were evaluated by the visible spectrometry method at the wavelength of 500 nm. And the diameter changes of liposomes were also tested to examine the effect of bile salts on liposomes. At the beginning, the diameters and turbidities of liposomes increased a little as the result of mixed micelles formation during the different stages for the structure changes of surfactant-liposomes micelles. The further added bile salts decreased the diameters and turbidities of liposomes. The liposome suspension underwent several rearrangements before small mixed micelles formed. And the diameter of liposomes changed regularly. The interaction of bile salts and liposomes is important for the further study of the behaviors of liposomes in vivo. The drug loaded and release properties of liposomes can also be well reflected by the interaction of liposomes and surfactants.
基金Supported by Key Project of National Scientific and Technological Support Plan (2006BAD02A07)Key Grant Scientific and Technolog-ical Project of Henan Province (0522010100)Scientific Research Foundation for Doctor of Henan Agricultural University (30200240)~~
文摘[ Objective] The experiment aimed to provide a theoretical base of optimal cultivation management for the high yield and good quality and high efficiency of winter wheat. [ Method] The effects of two sulfur fertilizer application methods on dynamic changes of grain protein content and glutenin content of Yumai 49 and Yumai 66 during wheat grain filling stage were studied under the field conditions. [Result] Both the grain protein and glutenin content of two cultivars were increased by sulfur fertilizer, particularly, the effects on Yumai 49 were more significant.[ Conclusion] The grain content and glutenin content of different wheat cultivars could be increased by taking different sulfur fertilizer application methods.
