磨粒簇叶序排布砂轮外圆磨削凹坑结构化减阻表面的仿真

机械零件表面结构化能够起到减阻耐磨的作用,磨削加工能够有效地加工出规则的结构化表面,基于此,依据生物学叶序排布原理设计了磨粒簇叶序排布砂轮并建立了数学模型。为探讨磨粒簇叶序排布砂轮磨削外圆结构化表面的形成机理,建立了磨粒的运动方程并讨论了实现结构化表面的磨削条件,利用MATLAB仿真了不同转速比γ和叶序参数h,以及磨削深度ap下工件结构化表面的形貌特征;仿真结果表明,转速比γ越大、叶序参数h越小工件周向凹坑数目就越多;磨削深度ap越大,凹坑的周向尺寸越大。

磨粒簇有序化砂轮磨削凹坑摩擦减阻表面的策略

结构化表面在减小机械零件摩擦或表面拖曳阻力方面起到重要的作用。为获得一种结构化摩擦减阻表面的高效磨削法,基于砂轮的磨粒有序化排布设计理论,提出一种嵌齿式磨粒簇有序化排布砂轮磨削凹坑摩擦减阻表面的策略。开展磨粒簇有序化砂轮的设计理论研究,分析砂轮磨粒簇排布参数和工件凹坑表面排布参数的关系。探讨实现凹坑排布的磨削参数条件,以及凹坑与磨粒簇几何形状之间的联系。通过磨削试验验证了结构化凹坑表面的磨削形态及磨削创成机制。结果表明:利用嵌齿磨粒簇有序化砂轮能够实现叶序排布、错位排布和阵列排布结构化凹坑摩擦减阻表面的磨削;被磨削结构化凹坑表面的排布形态和凹坑形状取决于砂轮排布设计参数、磨粒簇几何形状参数、磨削参数的选择。

磨粒簇砂轮磨削结构化表面试验研究

结构化表面对提高零件减阻性能有重要意义。为了解决结构化表面难加工、效率低的问题,对结构化表面的创成方法展开试验研究。在砂轮的圆周方向采用错位、阵列、叶序排布的磨粒簇,采用磨削复映获得工件结构化表面,利用试验分析不同排布下获得的凹坑结构化表面的创成规律及影响因素。试验结果表明:砂轮与工件的转速比、切削深度及叶序参数可以影响结构化表面的形状及疏密程度,转速比与工件表面周向凹坑数目成正比,磨削深度与凹坑的周向尺寸成正比,磨削深度、叶序参数与工件表面凹坑的粗糙度成反比。

磨粒簇叶序砂轮磨削结构化表面形貌仿真

为探讨磨粒簇叶序砂轮磨削平面结构化表面的形成机制,从磨削几何学出发,设计磨粒簇叶序排布砂轮并建立数学模型,推导出磨粒的运动方程,并研究实现结构化表面的磨削条件;利用Matlab对磨削过程进行仿真,分析不同参数下工件结构化表面的形貌特征。结果表明,通过改变磨削参数和砂轮磨粒簇形状可以获得凹坑、凸包和沟槽三种典型的结构化表面,其中叶序系数、磨削深度及工件进给速度与砂轮转速比是主要的影响因子。

普通小麦与硬粒小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体杂种体细胞无性系的建立

普通小麦比较容易与硬粒小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体 TH_1和 TH_1W杂交,所选的 9个普通小麦品种或品系与 TH_1和 TH_1W的 19个杂交组合,平均结实率为 46.7％,共计获得 19个杂交组合2316粒杂种种子。正反交结果表明,以普通小麦为母本的杂交结实率高于反交结实率,但是在杂种幼胚愈伤组织诱导率受正反交的影响小于杂交结实率。在继代培养过程中,杂种幼胚愈伤组织生长迅速,甚至直接诱导出绿苗,共获得不同杂交组合2005株再生植株,移栽成活率达到95％以上。观察还发现有少量再生植株发生形态变异,但是组织培养对提高普通小麦×硬粒小麦-簇毛麦双二倍体杂种育性没有明显的作用。

粒集的提升及其描述

本文在作者提出的粒计算新模型——粒集理论的基础上,分别通过把映射向幂集上提升、把映射由单向性向双向性提升的做法,提出了对象粒簇、描述粒簇和粒系统等概念,并对它们分别进行了描述,其中粒系统的描述是五元组形式,即是(U,D,L,H,J),这里U是论域,D是描述域,L是由2U到2D的算子,H是由2D到2U的算子,J是算子L和H的约束。由此扩充了粒集理论的内容,完善了粒集理论。

轴向排布鱼鳞结构化表面的外圆拓扑磨削

由于鱼鳞随行波结构化表面具有较好的降低流体阻力的效应,为了在外圆工件上磨削出沿轴向排布的鱼鳞随行波结构化表面,首先基于对随行波结构和鳞片表面的特征分析建立了外圆工件的沿轴向排布的鱼鳞随行波结构化表面模型;然后基于外圆磨削运动原理以及拓扑学理论,设计了一种用于磨削出沿轴向排布的鱼鳞随行波结构化表面的拓扑结构化砂轮,并且给出了实现这一磨削过程的运动学条件;最后,利用MATLAB软件对所设计的结构化砂轮的磨削过程进行了仿真,获得具有随行波特征的外圆轴向排布鱼鳞表面,并且通过磨削试验验证了该磨削方法的可行性。研究结果表明,使用设计的鱼鳞结构化拓扑砂轮可以在外圆工件表面磨削出具有随行波特征的鱼鳞结构化表面,不同的转速比以及磨削深度将改变被磨削鱼鳞表面的形状参数但拓扑属性保持不变。

外圆结构化阵列凹坑表面的拓扑磨削研究

由于结构化凹坑表面具有减阻效果,因此为在外圆表面磨削出凹坑结构化表面,依据磨削运动学原理与拓扑学理论提出了外圆凹坑表面的拓扑磨削方法。为了实现这一方法,首先提取凹坑表面特征参数与特征向量,建立了砂轮与工件的拓扑空间,给出拓扑映射关系并设计阵列结构砂轮;然后根据砂轮与工件的相对运动关系建立磨粒簇单个磨粒磨削轨迹方程,依据轨迹方程对凹坑表面成型过程使用MATLAB进行仿真,获得砂轮与工件的相对转速和磨削深度对结构化表面的影响规律;最后进行磨削实验。结果表明,使用拓扑磨削方法,能够实现外圆阵列结构化凹坑表面的拓扑磨削,磨削出的表面为原表面的拓扑表面,拓扑属性不变但特征参数随磨削用量改变而改变。

结构化砂轮拓扑磨削鱼鳞表面原理及仿真分析

为了磨削出鱼鳞表面的几何形貌,基于对鱼鳞表面形貌的特征分析,建立了鱼鳞表面数学模型。依据建立的鱼鳞表面数学模型,结合磨削运动原理以及点集拓扑学理论的分析,设计出了一种用于磨削鱼鳞表面的结构化拓扑砂轮。依据磨粒平面运动轨迹方程,讨论实现鱼鳞表面磨削的条件,并通过MATLAB对设计的砂轮进行磨削运动学仿真,获得了鱼鳞表面结构。仿真结果表明:使用设计的结构化砂轮磨削工件表面可以获得鱼鳞表面,当保持砂轮转速不变时,改变砂轮进给速度、磨削深度对鱼鳞表面磨削结果均能产生不同的影响。

Math Imitation of the Texture of Particle Cluster Emitted from Diesel Engine

Aim The particle texture from diesel engine was imitated by use of computer. Methods The theory of fractal geometry and the diffusion limited aggregation model were used to simulate the micron texture. Results The fractal dimensions of granule distribution and corpuscle superficial area are quite conformed with those of measurement. Conclusion The texture parameters of engine particle cluster can be obtained precisely by use of fractal theory.

Liriodendrin protects SH-SY5Y cells from dopamine-induced cytotoxicity

Aim To investigate the effect of liriodendrin, an extract from Fraxinus sielboldiana blume belonging to the Oleaceae family, on dopamine-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Methods Cell viability was processed when treated with 50 μmol·L^-1 of dopamine for 24 h by MTT assay. Early apoptosis, late apoptosis/necrosis were analyzed by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide （PI） double-staining, respectively. Generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） was assessed by DCFH-DA, an oxidation-sensitive fluorescent probe. To evaluate mitochondrion membrane potential （Δψm） using flow cytometry with the fluorescent dye Rhodamine 123. The transcriptional level of P53 was studied using RT- PCR. Results The dopamine-induced loss of cell viability was significantly attenuated by liriodendrin treatment at the concentration of 10^-8, 10^-7, 10^-6, 10^-5 and 10^-4 mol·L^-1. The protective effects of liriodendrin （10^-7, 10^-6 and 10^-5 mol·L^-1） on dopamine-induced cytotoxicity may be ascribed to its anti-oxidative properties by reducing ROS level and anti-apoptotic effect via protection of Δψm. In addition, the effect of liriodendrin may involve the P53 pathway in apoptosis. Conclusion Liriodendrin may provide a useful therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson＇s disease （PD）

低幼稚细胞骨髓增生异常综合征患者细胞免疫表型特征研究

目的:分析低幼稚细胞骨髓增生异常综合征患者细胞免疫表型特征,为临床诊治提供参考依据。方法:将本院2010年1月-2011年12月收治的低幼稚细胞骨髓增生异常综合征患者43例作为A组,同期收治的急性白血病患者48例作为B组,其他血液病患者50例作为C组,比较三组患者的骨髓小粒中幼稚细胞簇的阳性率以及CD13/CD16表达分布异常率。结果:A组患者的骨髓小粒中幼稚细胞簇的阳性率以及CD13/CD16表达分布异常率分别为30.2%、86.0%,B组分别为54.2%、47.9%,C组分别为4.0%、38.0%,A组与其他两组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:低幼稚细胞骨髓增生异常综合征患者骨髓小粒中幼稚细胞簇的阳性率、CD13/CD16表达分布异常,以上细胞免疫表型特征有助于该类患者的临床诊断。

Preparation of gold clusters on metal oxides by deposition-precipitation with microwave drying and their catalytic performance for CO and sulfide oxidation

Gold clusters and small nanoparticles supported on metal oxides could be prepared by deposition‐precipitation followed by microwave irradiation as a drying method and then calcination.The drying method influenced the size of the Au particles.Au(III)was partly reduced during conventional oven drying,resulting in Au aggregates.In contrast,Au(III)was preserved during microwave drying owing to rapid and uniform heating,and the Au diameter was minimized to1.4nm on Al2O3.This method can be applied to several metal oxide supports having different microwave absorption efficiencies,such as MnO2,Al2O3,and TiO2.These catalysts exhibited higher catalytic activities for CO oxidation at low temperature and for selective aerobic oxidation of sulfide than those prepared by conventional methods.

Highly Ordered Lattice Orientation of ZnO Nanoparticles Formed in Confined Space

Oriented aggregation of nanoparticles has been accomplished by means of solid state reac- tion. Non-crystallized and crystallized ZnO nanoparticles/clusters could be accommodated in the lamellar spacing of inorganic-organic composite, which were prepared by thermolysis of layered solid zinc-oleate complex at 260 and 300 ℃ in air, respectively. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction patterns indicate that aggregates are single crystals with various defects. The photoluminescence excitation spectra of both samples show two bands at 272 and 366 nm. The former may originate from electron transfer from valence band to conduction band in ZnO clusters composed of less than 200 ZnO molecules （2R〈2 nm）.

Gas-Phase Deposited Plasmonic Nanoparticles Supported on 3D-Graphene/Nickel Foam for Highly SERS Detection

In this work, we proposed a novel three-dimensional (3D) plasmonic nanostructure based on porous graphene/nickel foam (GNF) and gas-phase deposited Ag nanoparticles (NPs). Ag NPs with high density were directly deposited on the surface of 3D GNF by performing a novel cluster beam deposition approach. In comparison with traditional Ag substrate (SiO2/Ag), such hot-spots enriched 3D nanostructure showed extremely high electromag-netic field enhancement under incident light irradiation which could be used as a sensitive chemical sensor based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed nanostructure showed superior SERS performance in terms of Raman signal reproducibility and sensitivity for the probe molecules. 3D full-wave simulation showed that the enhanced SERS performance in this 3D hierarchical plasmonic nanostructure was mainly obtained from the hot-spots between Ag NPs and the near-field coupling between Ag NPs and GNF sca olds. This work can provide a novel assembled SERS substrate as a SERS-based chemical sensor in practical applications.

Teleportation of Two-Particle Entangled State via Cluster State

In this paper, two schemes for teleporting an unknown two-particle entangled state from the sender （Alice） to the receiver （Bob） via a four-particle entangled cluster state are proposed. In these two schemes, the unknown twoparticle entangled state can be teleported perfectly. The successful probabilities and fidelities of the schemes can reach unity.

Advanced Coverage Optimization Techniques for Small Cell Clusters

Coverage challenge for small considered to be a optlmlzation is a main cell clusters which are promising solution to provide seamless cellular coverage for large indoor or outdoor areas. This paper focuses on small cell cluster coverage problems and proposes both centralized and distributed self-optimization methods. Modified Particle swarm optimization （MPSO） is introduced to centralized optimization which employs particle swarm optimization （PSO） and introduces a heuristic power control scheme to accelerate the algorithm to search tbr the global optimum solution. Distributed coverage optimization is modeled as a non-cooperative game, with a utility function considering both throughput and interference. An iterative power control algorithm is then proposed using game theory （DGT） which converges to Nash Equilibrium （NE）. Simulation results show that both MPSO and DGT have excellent performance in coverage optimization and outperform optimization using simulated annealing algorithm （SA）, reaching higher coverage ratio and throughput while with less iterations.

Teleportation Capability of Six-Qubit Cluster State

Recently Wei-Bo Gao et al.[Phys.Rev.Lett.104 (2010) 020501]; reported on the creation of a 4-photon6-qubit cluster state.It is shown this states can be utilized for perfect teleportation of arbitrary three qubit systemsand controlled teleportation of an arbitrary two-qubit state.Therefore, the six-qubit cluster state as quantum channelsis equivalent to that of maximally six-qubit entangled state.

Average cluster sizes and cluster size distributions of superfine nickel particles in light media

Effects of shear rates on average cluster sizes (ACSs) and cluster size distributions (CSDs) in uni- and bi-systems of partly charged superfine nickel particles were investigated by Brownian dynamics, and clustering properties in these systems were compared with those in non-polar systems. The results show that the ACSs in bi-polar systems are larger than those in the non-polar systems. In uni-polar systems the behavior of clustering property differs: at the lower ionic concentration (10%), repulsive force is not strong enough to break clusters, but may greatly weaken them. The clusters are eventually cracked into smaller ones only when concentration of uni-polar charged particles is large enough. In this work, the ionic concentration is 20%. The relationship between ACS and shear rates follows power law in a exponent range of 0.176-0.276. This range is in a good agreement with the range of experimental data, but it is biased towards the lower limit slightly.

Palladium-Carbon Composite Nanoparticle Films with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Peroxide Sensors

A nanocomposite electrocatalyst was prepared with the method of cluster beam deposition of palladium nanoparticle thin lms on carbon nanoparticle supporting layers and used as sensitive nonenzyme hydrogen peroxide sensors. An enhancement on the electrocatalytic activity of the palladium nanoparticles toward H2O2 reduction was observed, which was related to the coverage of the carbon nanoparticles. With one monolayer of carbon nanoparticles, the H2O2 detection sensitivity reached the maximum, which was more than twice of that of the pure Pd nanoparticles.