为探究可协同提高粳稻产量和品质的合理粒肥施氮量,本试验以长江中下游稻区广泛种植的金香玉1号、南粳46和淮稻5号三个粳稻品种为材料,在基肥、分蘖肥、保花肥施氮量分别为135、27和54 kg N·hm^(-2)的基础上,于抽穗期设置0、27、54...为探究可协同提高粳稻产量和品质的合理粒肥施氮量,本试验以长江中下游稻区广泛种植的金香玉1号、南粳46和淮稻5号三个粳稻品种为材料,在基肥、分蘖肥、保花肥施氮量分别为135、27和54 kg N·hm^(-2)的基础上,于抽穗期设置0、27、54和81 kg N·hm^(-2)四种粒肥施氮量处理,研究粒肥施氮量对上述粳稻品种产量、氮肥利用率和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,三个粳稻品种产量均随粒肥施氮量增加呈先增加后减少趋势,以粒肥施氮量为27或54 kg N·hm^(-2)时的产量最高,两施氮处理间产量无明显差异。施用粒肥下结实率提高是产量增加的主要原因,但过高的粒肥施氮量会对结实率和千粒重造成不利影响,进而减产。三个粳稻品种粒肥吸收利用效率、农学利用效率和生理利用效率均随粒肥施用量的增加而降低。与不施肥相比,施用粒肥提高了稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、蛋白质含量和米粉消解值,降低了垩白度、垩白粒率、稻米直链淀粉含量、胶稠度、食味值和米粉崩解值。综上,在前期施氮量相同的基础上,粒肥施氮量为27~54 kg N·hm^(-2)可协同提高粳稻产量和稻米品质。本试验结果可为粳稻高产高效优质栽培提供理论和实践依据。展开更多
In order to investigate effects of topdressing on grain yield and N use efficiency of mechanically-transplanted hybrid rice, this experiment was conducted with 2-line hybrid rice cultivars, Quaniiangyou 1 and Quanlian...In order to investigate effects of topdressing on grain yield and N use efficiency of mechanically-transplanted hybrid rice, this experiment was conducted with 2-line hybrid rice cultivars, Quaniiangyou 1 and Quanliangyou 681 with 3 application levels of N fertilizer, No, N1, N2, respectively. The results showed that there were no significant differences in grain yields of the 2 varieties between treatments N1 and N2. It was indicated that N is not the factor which could limit grain yield within limited application levels of N fertilizer. High N fertilizer treatment could contribute to the formation of effective panicles and spikelets per panicle, but it could also lead to the decline in grain filling rate. It was suggested that lowering the amount of Nfertilizer could facilitate improvement of N-use efficiency.展开更多
文摘为探究可协同提高粳稻产量和品质的合理粒肥施氮量,本试验以长江中下游稻区广泛种植的金香玉1号、南粳46和淮稻5号三个粳稻品种为材料,在基肥、分蘖肥、保花肥施氮量分别为135、27和54 kg N·hm^(-2)的基础上,于抽穗期设置0、27、54和81 kg N·hm^(-2)四种粒肥施氮量处理,研究粒肥施氮量对上述粳稻品种产量、氮肥利用率和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,三个粳稻品种产量均随粒肥施氮量增加呈先增加后减少趋势,以粒肥施氮量为27或54 kg N·hm^(-2)时的产量最高,两施氮处理间产量无明显差异。施用粒肥下结实率提高是产量增加的主要原因,但过高的粒肥施氮量会对结实率和千粒重造成不利影响,进而减产。三个粳稻品种粒肥吸收利用效率、农学利用效率和生理利用效率均随粒肥施用量的增加而降低。与不施肥相比,施用粒肥提高了稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、蛋白质含量和米粉消解值,降低了垩白度、垩白粒率、稻米直链淀粉含量、胶稠度、食味值和米粉崩解值。综上,在前期施氮量相同的基础上,粒肥施氮量为27~54 kg N·hm^(-2)可协同提高粳稻产量和稻米品质。本试验结果可为粳稻高产高效优质栽培提供理论和实践依据。
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program(2016YFD030010)National Innovation Experiment Program for University students(20150083,2016099)
文摘In order to investigate effects of topdressing on grain yield and N use efficiency of mechanically-transplanted hybrid rice, this experiment was conducted with 2-line hybrid rice cultivars, Quaniiangyou 1 and Quanliangyou 681 with 3 application levels of N fertilizer, No, N1, N2, respectively. The results showed that there were no significant differences in grain yields of the 2 varieties between treatments N1 and N2. It was indicated that N is not the factor which could limit grain yield within limited application levels of N fertilizer. High N fertilizer treatment could contribute to the formation of effective panicles and spikelets per panicle, but it could also lead to the decline in grain filling rate. It was suggested that lowering the amount of Nfertilizer could facilitate improvement of N-use efficiency.
