AIM： To analyse αv integrin expression induced by gas- trin in pancreatic cancer models.METHODS： αv integrin mRNA expression in human pan- creatic cancer cells was analysed using a ＂cancer genes＂ array and confi...AIM： To analyse αv integrin expression induced by gas- trin in pancreatic cancer models.METHODS： αv integrin mRNA expression in human pan- creatic cancer cells was analysed using a ＂cancer genes＂ array and confirmed by real-time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Western blotting and semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry were used to examine protein levels in human pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic tissues, respectively, The role of αv integrin on gastrin-induced cell adhesion was examined using blocking anti-αv integrin monoclonal antibodies. Adherent cells were quantified by staining with crystal violet.RESULTS： Using a ＂cancer genes＂ array we identi- fied c^v integrin as a new gastrin target gene in human pancreatic cancer cells. A quantitative real-time PCR approach was used to confirm αv integrin gene expression. We also demonstrate that Src family kinases and the PI 3-kinase, two signalling pathways specifically activated by the CCK-2 receptor （CCK2R）, are involved in gastrin-mediated αv integrin expression. In contrast, inhibition of the ERK pathway was without any effect on αv integrin expression induced by gastrin. Our results also show that gastrin modulates cell adhesion via αv integrins. Indeed, in vitro adhesion assays performed on fibronectin show that gastrin significantly increases adhesion of pancreatic cancer cells. The use of blocking anti-αv integrin monoclonal antibodies completely reversed the increase in cell-substrate adhesion induced by gastrin. In addition, we showed in vivo that the targeted CCK2R expression in the pancreas of Elas-CCK2 mice, leads to the overexpression of αv integrin. This process may contribute to pancreatic turnout development observed in these transgenic animals.CONCLUSION： αv integrin is a new gastrin target in pancreatic cancer models and contributes to gastrin effects on cell adhesion.展开更多
In this article, a method of high order, staggered grid, finite difference was used to model snapshots of seismic wave propagation and multi-azimuth surface seismic records in viscoelastic cracked monoclinic media. Th...In this article, a method of high order, staggered grid, finite difference was used to model snapshots of seismic wave propagation and multi-azimuth surface seismic records in viscoelastic cracked monoclinic media. The modeling results clearly show the anisotropy caused by the crack fill material and the viscoelastic wave field through the monoclinic media. Summarizing the regularity of seismic records for different azimuths, this study is a significant attempt to understand the wave fields propagated in real media and to propose a more rational theoretical model for the future.展开更多
The rising behavior of single bubbles has been investigated in six systems with different viscosity and Morton number(Mo) from 3.21×10-11 to 163. Bubbles with maximum equivalent diameter of up to 16 mm were inves...The rising behavior of single bubbles has been investigated in six systems with different viscosity and Morton number(Mo) from 3.21×10-11 to 163. Bubbles with maximum equivalent diameter of up to 16 mm were investigated. The bubble Reynolds number(Re) ranged from 0.02 to 1200 covering 3 regimes in which two func-tions are obtained relating the drag coefficient,CD,with Re and Mo. It has been found that in the high Reynolds number regime the drag coefficient increases until the Reynolds number of about 1200. The classic expression of Jamialahmadi(1994) is improved and extended to high viscosity liquids. A new relationship for the aspect ratio of deformed bubbles in terms of Re,the Etvs number and Mo,applicable to a wide range of system properties,espe-cially in high viscosity liquids,is also suggested.展开更多
Objective: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is an uncommon histological type of breast cancer characterized by a large amount of mucin production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a large class of small noncoding RNA of about...Objective: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is an uncommon histological type of breast cancer characterized by a large amount of mucin production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a large class of small noncoding RNA of about 22 nt involved in the regulation of various biological processes. This study aims to identify the miRNA expression profile in PMBC. Methods: MiRNA expression profiles in 11 PMBCs were analyzed by miRNA-microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-one PMBCs and 27 invasive ductal carcinoma of no special types (IDC-NSTs) were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against ER, PR-progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, p53, PCNA, and CK5 and 6. Results: We analyzed the miRNA expression in 11 PMBCs and corresponding normal tissues using miRNA-microarray and real-time PCR, and found that miR-143 and miR-224-5p were significantly downregulated in mucinous carcinoma tissue. Compared with IDC-NSTs, PMBC showed a significantly higher ER positive rate, lower HER-2 positive rate, and lower cell proliferation rates. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the miRNA expression profile of PMBC, and our findings may lead to further understanding of this type of breast cancer.展开更多
Groundwater as an alternative source still does not contribute to the water supply in area of Parit Raja because of the limitation of water availability in the ground. This lacking of groundwater could be caused by th...Groundwater as an alternative source still does not contribute to the water supply in area of Parit Raja because of the limitation of water availability in the ground. This lacking of groundwater could be caused by the circumstance that the top layer of soil is dominated by compacted clay around 2 meters in which its permeability is small, so the water is difficult to infiltrate the ground. The recharge well technique was designed based on the flat area problems, layer of real condition, flow water table and low infiltration rate. Resistivity soundings were made at existing wells to assess the subsurface layers. Beside that, the past records on floods event, sub surface and surface studies were collected around study area as a preliminary studies. It was presented that the study area promised good prospects to increase the capability of groundwater and contribute to the drainage system by reducing the volume of rainfall runoff using the recharge well technique.展开更多
In order to ensure that the system has the advantage of light weight and vibration absorption, the steel rope is used as a flexible transmission part. A flexible drive unit(FDU) is developed, whose features are guided...In order to ensure that the system has the advantage of light weight and vibration absorption, the steel rope is used as a flexible transmission part. A flexible drive unit(FDU) is developed, whose features are guided by steel rope, increasing force by the movable pulley group, modular, convenient and flexible. Dynamics model for controller is deduced based on the constitutive equation of viscoelasticity. Controller is designed for position control and is based on the viscoelasticity dynamics model compensation control strategy proposed. The control system is based on the TURBO PMAC multi-axis motion control card.Prototype loading experiments and velocity experiments results show that the FDU can reach 2 Hz with no load and the max speed of 30(°)/s. The FDU has the capability of the load torque 11.2 N·m and the speed of 24(°)/s simultaneously, and the frequency response is 1.3 Hz. The FDU can be used to be the pitch joint of hip for biped robot whose walking speed is 0.144 km/h theoretically.展开更多
The adhesion between the mining machine and the deep-sea sediments will significantly affect the driving performance of the mining machine in the deep-sea environment.When the mining machine and the deep-sea sediment ...The adhesion between the mining machine and the deep-sea sediments will significantly affect the driving performance of the mining machine in the deep-sea environment.When the mining machine and the deep-sea sediment interaction simulation was carried out,the accuracy of the particle interaction parameters will directly affect the simulation results.This study proposed a method to systematically calibrate the interaction parameters between deep-sea sediment and grouser through the combination of experiment and simulation.The uniaxial compression test and macro adhesion test and corresponding discrete element numerical simulation were carried out,modifying the contact parameters until the simulation results are close to the experimental results.Then the micro-parameters of the JKR adhesion contact model were back calibrated with the test results,and the contact parameters between soil particle-soil particle and soil particle-metal are calibrated.Besides,the adhesion test shows that the adhesion forces were ranked in the order of 5052<STi80<TA2<TC4 under the same surface roughness,which indicates the aluminum alloy 5052 has the best anti-adhesion performance.The relationship between surface adhesion force and microscopic contact parameters was studied by discrete element numerical simulation,and the result shows that the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of rolling friction has little effect on adhesion force.While it is mainly affected by the coefficient of restitution and surface energy,the surface adhesion force tends to decrease with the increase of the coefficient of restitution and increase with the growth of surface energy.The obtained parameters of soil particle to soil particle and soil particle to metal affecting the adhesion can contribute to the design optimization for the grouser of mining machines to decrease surface adhesion and enhance its movability and mining efficiency.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To identify clinicopathologic factors which predictlymph node metastases (LNM) in early mucinous adenocarcinomapatients, and to further explore the possibility of using minimallyinvasive treatment for patien...OBJECTIVE To identify clinicopathologic factors which predictlymph node metastases (LNM) in early mucinous adenocarcinomapatients, and to further explore the possibility of using minimallyinvasive treatment for patients with the disease.METHODS Data was collected from 38 patients with earlymucinous adenocarcinoma who were surgically treated, and theassociation between clinicopathologic factors and the presenceof LNM was retrospectively analyzed using univariate andmultivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Tumor size greater than 2.0 cm, the developmentof submucosal invasion, and the presence of lymphatic vesselinvolvement (LVI) were confirmed through univariate analysis ashaving a significant association with LNM and were consideredto be significant and independent risk factors for LNM throughmultivariate analysis.CONCLUSION Tumor size > 2.0 cm, the development ofsubmucosal invasion, and the presence of LVI are independentpredictive factors for LNM in early mucinous adenocarcinoma.Minimally invasive treatment may be an effective treatment forintramucosal early mucinous adenocarcinoma when the tumorsize is 2.0 cm or less, and if LVI has not occurred, as confirmed bypostoperative histologic examination.展开更多
This study reveals that the interaction between a 2D material and its substrate can significantly modify its electronic and optical properties, and thus can be used as a means to optimize these properties. High-temper...This study reveals that the interaction between a 2D material and its substrate can significantly modify its electronic and optical properties, and thus can be used as a means to optimize these properties. High-temperature （25-500℃） optical spectroscopy, which combines Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies, is highly effective for investigating the interaction and material properties that are not accessible at the commonly used cryogenic temperature （e.g., a thermal activation process with an activation of a major fraction of the bandgap）. This study investigates a set of monolayer WS2 films, either directly grown on sapphire and SiO2 substrates by CVD or transferred onto SiO2 substrate. The coupling with the substrate is shown to depend on the substrate type, the material- substrate bonding （even for the same substrate）, and the excitation wavelength. The inherent difference in the states of strain between the as-grown and the transferred films has a significant impact on the material properties.展开更多
文摘AIM： To analyse αv integrin expression induced by gas- trin in pancreatic cancer models.METHODS： αv integrin mRNA expression in human pan- creatic cancer cells was analysed using a ＂cancer genes＂ array and confirmed by real-time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Western blotting and semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry were used to examine protein levels in human pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic tissues, respectively, The role of αv integrin on gastrin-induced cell adhesion was examined using blocking anti-αv integrin monoclonal antibodies. Adherent cells were quantified by staining with crystal violet.RESULTS： Using a ＂cancer genes＂ array we identi- fied c^v integrin as a new gastrin target gene in human pancreatic cancer cells. A quantitative real-time PCR approach was used to confirm αv integrin gene expression. We also demonstrate that Src family kinases and the PI 3-kinase, two signalling pathways specifically activated by the CCK-2 receptor （CCK2R）, are involved in gastrin-mediated αv integrin expression. In contrast, inhibition of the ERK pathway was without any effect on αv integrin expression induced by gastrin. Our results also show that gastrin modulates cell adhesion via αv integrins. Indeed, in vitro adhesion assays performed on fibronectin show that gastrin significantly increases adhesion of pancreatic cancer cells. The use of blocking anti-αv integrin monoclonal antibodies completely reversed the increase in cell-substrate adhesion induced by gastrin. In addition, we showed in vivo that the targeted CCK2R expression in the pancreas of Elas-CCK2 mice, leads to the overexpression of αv integrin. This process may contribute to pancreatic turnout development observed in these transgenic animals.CONCLUSION： αv integrin is a new gastrin target in pancreatic cancer models and contributes to gastrin effects on cell adhesion.
文摘In this article, a method of high order, staggered grid, finite difference was used to model snapshots of seismic wave propagation and multi-azimuth surface seismic records in viscoelastic cracked monoclinic media. The modeling results clearly show the anisotropy caused by the crack fill material and the viscoelastic wave field through the monoclinic media. Summarizing the regularity of seismic records for different azimuths, this study is a significant attempt to understand the wave fields propagated in real media and to propose a more rational theoretical model for the future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20821004 20990224） the National Basic Research Program of China （2007CB714300）
文摘The rising behavior of single bubbles has been investigated in six systems with different viscosity and Morton number(Mo) from 3.21×10-11 to 163. Bubbles with maximum equivalent diameter of up to 16 mm were investigated. The bubble Reynolds number(Re) ranged from 0.02 to 1200 covering 3 regimes in which two func-tions are obtained relating the drag coefficient,CD,with Re and Mo. It has been found that in the high Reynolds number regime the drag coefficient increases until the Reynolds number of about 1200. The classic expression of Jamialahmadi(1994) is improved and extended to high viscosity liquids. A new relationship for the aspect ratio of deformed bubbles in terms of Re,the Etvs number and Mo,applicable to a wide range of system properties,espe-cially in high viscosity liquids,is also suggested.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grand No. 81001187)
文摘Objective: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is an uncommon histological type of breast cancer characterized by a large amount of mucin production. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a large class of small noncoding RNA of about 22 nt involved in the regulation of various biological processes. This study aims to identify the miRNA expression profile in PMBC. Methods: MiRNA expression profiles in 11 PMBCs were analyzed by miRNA-microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-one PMBCs and 27 invasive ductal carcinoma of no special types (IDC-NSTs) were assessed by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against ER, PR-progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki-67, Bcl-2, p53, PCNA, and CK5 and 6. Results: We analyzed the miRNA expression in 11 PMBCs and corresponding normal tissues using miRNA-microarray and real-time PCR, and found that miR-143 and miR-224-5p were significantly downregulated in mucinous carcinoma tissue. Compared with IDC-NSTs, PMBC showed a significantly higher ER positive rate, lower HER-2 positive rate, and lower cell proliferation rates. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the miRNA expression profile of PMBC, and our findings may lead to further understanding of this type of breast cancer.
文摘Groundwater as an alternative source still does not contribute to the water supply in area of Parit Raja because of the limitation of water availability in the ground. This lacking of groundwater could be caused by the circumstance that the top layer of soil is dominated by compacted clay around 2 meters in which its permeability is small, so the water is difficult to infiltrate the ground. The recharge well technique was designed based on the flat area problems, layer of real condition, flow water table and low infiltration rate. Resistivity soundings were made at existing wells to assess the subsurface layers. Beside that, the past records on floods event, sub surface and surface studies were collected around study area as a preliminary studies. It was presented that the study area promised good prospects to increase the capability of groundwater and contribute to the drainage system by reducing the volume of rainfall runoff using the recharge well technique.
基金Project(2006AA04Z201,2012AA041601)supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China
文摘In order to ensure that the system has the advantage of light weight and vibration absorption, the steel rope is used as a flexible transmission part. A flexible drive unit(FDU) is developed, whose features are guided by steel rope, increasing force by the movable pulley group, modular, convenient and flexible. Dynamics model for controller is deduced based on the constitutive equation of viscoelasticity. Controller is designed for position control and is based on the viscoelasticity dynamics model compensation control strategy proposed. The control system is based on the TURBO PMAC multi-axis motion control card.Prototype loading experiments and velocity experiments results show that the FDU can reach 2 Hz with no load and the max speed of 30(°)/s. The FDU has the capability of the load torque 11.2 N·m and the speed of 24(°)/s simultaneously, and the frequency response is 1.3 Hz. The FDU can be used to be the pitch joint of hip for biped robot whose walking speed is 0.144 km/h theoretically.
基金Project(12072309)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(19B546)supported by the Education Department Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2019RS1059)supported by the Hunan Innovative Province Construction Project,China。
文摘The adhesion between the mining machine and the deep-sea sediments will significantly affect the driving performance of the mining machine in the deep-sea environment.When the mining machine and the deep-sea sediment interaction simulation was carried out,the accuracy of the particle interaction parameters will directly affect the simulation results.This study proposed a method to systematically calibrate the interaction parameters between deep-sea sediment and grouser through the combination of experiment and simulation.The uniaxial compression test and macro adhesion test and corresponding discrete element numerical simulation were carried out,modifying the contact parameters until the simulation results are close to the experimental results.Then the micro-parameters of the JKR adhesion contact model were back calibrated with the test results,and the contact parameters between soil particle-soil particle and soil particle-metal are calibrated.Besides,the adhesion test shows that the adhesion forces were ranked in the order of 5052<STi80<TA2<TC4 under the same surface roughness,which indicates the aluminum alloy 5052 has the best anti-adhesion performance.The relationship between surface adhesion force and microscopic contact parameters was studied by discrete element numerical simulation,and the result shows that the coefficient of static friction and the coefficient of rolling friction has little effect on adhesion force.While it is mainly affected by the coefficient of restitution and surface energy,the surface adhesion force tends to decrease with the increase of the coefficient of restitution and increase with the growth of surface energy.The obtained parameters of soil particle to soil particle and soil particle to metal affecting the adhesion can contribute to the design optimization for the grouser of mining machines to decrease surface adhesion and enhance its movability and mining efficiency.
文摘OBJECTIVE To identify clinicopathologic factors which predictlymph node metastases (LNM) in early mucinous adenocarcinomapatients, and to further explore the possibility of using minimallyinvasive treatment for patients with the disease.METHODS Data was collected from 38 patients with earlymucinous adenocarcinoma who were surgically treated, and theassociation between clinicopathologic factors and the presenceof LNM was retrospectively analyzed using univariate andmultivariate logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Tumor size greater than 2.0 cm, the developmentof submucosal invasion, and the presence of lymphatic vesselinvolvement (LVI) were confirmed through univariate analysis ashaving a significant association with LNM and were consideredto be significant and independent risk factors for LNM throughmultivariate analysis.CONCLUSION Tumor size > 2.0 cm, the development ofsubmucosal invasion, and the presence of LVI are independentpredictive factors for LNM in early mucinous adenocarcinoma.Minimally invasive treatment may be an effective treatment forintramucosal early mucinous adenocarcinoma when the tumorsize is 2.0 cm or less, and if LVI has not occurred, as confirmed bypostoperative histologic examination.
文摘This study reveals that the interaction between a 2D material and its substrate can significantly modify its electronic and optical properties, and thus can be used as a means to optimize these properties. High-temperature （25-500℃） optical spectroscopy, which combines Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopies, is highly effective for investigating the interaction and material properties that are not accessible at the commonly used cryogenic temperature （e.g., a thermal activation process with an activation of a major fraction of the bandgap）. This study investigates a set of monolayer WS2 films, either directly grown on sapphire and SiO2 substrates by CVD or transferred onto SiO2 substrate. The coupling with the substrate is shown to depend on the substrate type, the material- substrate bonding （even for the same substrate）, and the excitation wavelength. The inherent difference in the states of strain between the as-grown and the transferred films has a significant impact on the material properties.
