食品调味料粘合剂

随着旅游业的发展,方便食品越来越受人喜爱。许多方便食品是用盐和香料调味。近年来,花生等硬壳果肉,涂上蜂蜜后在美国非常畅销。然而,其他食品,水果及糖果是否也能涂上调味料?

俄专家发现新的鱼料粘合剂

俄罗斯养鱼专家最近研究发现，从海洋甲壳类动物的甲壳中提取的生物聚合物几丁聚糖可以被用作鱼饲料粘合剂，使鱼饲料更加适合搬运，鱼吃了含有几丁聚糖的饲料会变得更加肥美。

PP涂覆料产品质量问题分析

对聚丙烯(PP)涂覆料生产过程中由于原料变化导致的质量问题进行了分析,指出由于原料去活不彻底从而造成PP涂覆料生产过程中产生质量问题。建议:将PP生产负荷降到6t/h以下;缩短原料的存放时间;适当增加辅料中抗氧剂的比例,降低降解剂的比例。

提高耐火材料内衬寿命的物理化学方法

已经查明,电导性是表示粘合料及浇注料组成物料最佳化的主要物理化学指标,也是决定使用寿命的主要因素,这为创造具有规定性能的新型炉衬材料开辟了广泛的使用可能性。

结晶紫内酯和热敏红的抗氧化性和光稳定性的研究

研究了如何提高有机类热变色材料的光牢度即抗氧化性和光稳定性。在分别以热敏染料CVL、热敏红R1构成的热变色材料中添加不同助剂,用分光光度法考察染料被光照和氧化而转变为无色物质的转化率,得知33种不同助剂对抑制染料的光褪色都有一定的效果,确定2,6 二叔丁基对甲酚可作为相对理想的抗氧化剂使用。为了达到更好的光稳定性,可在包裹材料和粘合料中添加紫外线吸收剂和光稳定剂。

一种新型砂轮的X射线衍射分析

用X射线衍射法对某一砂轮进行了结构分析 ,结果表明 :组成砂轮的研磨剂为晶体排列致密的六方晶系α -SiC ,各轴长a =0 .30 81nm ,c =1.5 0 92nm ,粘合料为很少见的无机硫 ,失重分析含量为 2 7.3%。该无机硫有二相 。

微型胶囊在胶粘剂中的应用前景

微型胶囊是将某种物质芯料包裹在直径为1～1000μm的微型容器中而形成的囊形物质。被包裹的物质可为固体、液体或气体,可为亲水性物质,亦可为疏水性物质。形成囊壁的包裹材料大多采用天然的、半合成的或合成高分子材料,也有用石蜡、油脂与蜂腊等固体有机小分子以及硫酸钙、硅酸盐、金属与玻璃等无机物。微型胶囊在胶粘剂中的应用始于上世纪70年代美国乐泰(Loctite)公司微型胶囊厌氧胶的生产。以后逐渐扩展到密封胶、导电胶、日用胶等领域。

立陶宛颁布受法规管制的建材产品目录的法令

立陶宛环境部对建材系列产品，如集料、粘合料、砂浆混凝土、砌块、隔热产品、钢筋混凝土、窗户和门、木结构及其产品、玻璃、屋顶覆盖物及其产品、地板、墙壁及天花板覆盖物、防水产品、涂料、土工编织物、消防设施、供热和供水装置、钢筋、嵌入零件、钢结构、公路建材产品、烟囱、消防系统、火警监测和报警系统设备、固定灭火系统及其组件等，制定了技术规范和强制性基本要求及合格评定制度。

Plasma Surface Modification of Kevlar Fibers

Cold plasma techniques were used to treat the surface of Kevlar-49 fibers. The dynamic parameters of wetting, contact-angles and surface energy of the fiber before and alter the treatment were compared to see the changes in the wetting property. ESCA and electron spin resonance were utilized to examine the chemical composition and the attached free radicals of the fiber surface. The results, together with changes in the magnitude of the contact-angle and the number of free radicals with time after the plasma treatment do not show any ageing effect. Single filament test revealed that the tensile strength was not impaired but even improved somewhat after the plasma treatment. The experiment shows that the interlaminar shear strength of Kevlar fiber reinforced epoxy resin compo- site is increased for more than 60％% after the treatment.

Superabsorbent Capability and High Retention Ability of China Clay(Kaolinite)/Polyacrylic Acid Composites for Aqueous Solution

Majority of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) yet reported either have low gel strength or high production cost. Therefore, we synthesized a novel polyacrylic acid-grafted China clay (Kaolinite) super-absorbent polymer composite (SAPC) with high thermal stability, low cost of production and superior sorption and retention capability for water and salt solution. The resulting SAPCs were extensively characterized and analysed by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results suggested that the composites were thermally stable. Water absorbency increased with increase of clay content up to 45%, while further increase in clay content decreased the water absorbency. Percentage of acrylic acid (AA) and clay by weight shows the optimum absorbency in 35% and 40% respectively. Crosslinker and initiator contents were optimized to be 0.5% and 0.3% by weight respectively. The resulting polymer composite showed high water absorbency of about 785 g/g and 103 g/g of 1% NaCl solution with above 90% retention ability at 50 oC.

Viscoelastic Characteristics of Asphalt Binders at Softening Point Temperature

In this paper, in order to investigate the viscoelasticity of asphalt binder at the softening point temperature, more than 30 different asphalt binders were selected and tested by dynamic rheological scan method using a dynamic shear rheometer(DSR). The softening points and the rheological parameters of the asphalt samples were measured and analyzed. The results indicated that at the softening point temperature the neat asphalt and the SBS modified asphalt showed two different rheological states. The neat asphalt binders had a majority of viscous components in viscoelastic composition, with the phase angles being mostly higher than 80 o. The SBS modified binders had lower phase angles, with their elasticity still retained. Meanwhile, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test showed that at a confidence level of 0.05, at whatever aging state, the neat asphalt had a stable complex modulus corresponding to the softening point, which was 13.034 kPa at a standard deviation of 2.105 kPa under the same test condition. The softening point of neat asphalt binder can be calculated via the equivalent modulus rule. It is found out that there is a good relationship between the calculated and the measured softening points. And it is suggested that more data are needed to validate this finding.

Evaluation of asphalt-aggregate adhesion using surface free energy theory

In order to take a precise and objective evaluation on asphalt-aggregate adhesion, this paper analyzed the function at asphalt- aggregate interface using surface free energy theory. Two asphalts and two aggregates were selected and their surface free energy parameters, FLW, F and F-, were measured by the Wilhelmy plate method and the column wicking technique, respectively. Then, the resistance to moisture damage of asphalt mixture were predicted using calculated asphalt-aggregate adhesive bond energy and asphalt cohesive bond energy. The results show that moisture damage is a thermodynamically favorable phenomenon. Asphalt with a great acid-base polar component and a low Lifshitz-van der Waals apolar component always exhibits perfect cohesion.

Bonding interface zone of Mg-Gd-Y/Mg-Zn-Gd laminated composite fabricated by equal channel angular extrusion

In order to improve the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of Mg alloys,the equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE)was employed to fabricate the Mg-5Gd-5Y/Mg-2Zn-1Gd(GW55/ZG21)laminated composites.After fabrication and annealing treatment,the microstructural evolution,phase constitution,microhardness,and bonding strength were investigated on the bonding interface zone of GW55/ZG21 laminated composites.The bonding interface zone of GW55/ZG21 laminated composites comprises a lot of Mg3(Y,Gd)2Zn3 particles along the bonding interface,some rod Mg24(Y,Gd)5 phases on GW55 side,and a precipitation free zone(PFZ)on ZG21 side.After annealing treatment,Mg3(Y,Gd)2Zn3 particles along the bonding interface increase, rod Mg24(Y,Gd)5 phases on GW55 side decrease,and PFZ is broadened.Meanwhile,the hardness on the bonding interface zone decreases and the bonding strength increases from 126 MPa to 162 MPa.

Structural considerations in friction welding of hybrid Al_2O_3-reinforced aluminum composites

Comparative studies on the relationship between the welding parameters and joining efficiency in the friction welding of hybrid Al203-reinforced aluminum composites were conducted. Metal matrix composites （MMCs） with 37% （volume fraction） aluminum particle were joined by friction welding. The results show that the effects of the rotation speed on the reduction rate of particle size are greater than those of the upset pressure, and the area of the MMC weld zone decreases as the joining efficiency increases, while it is considered that the joining efficiency does not increase as the reduction rate of particle size decreases. During the macro-examination of the bonding interlace, a gray discolored region was observed on the bonding interface, and the center of the region was dark gray. After the micro-examination of the bonding interface, base metal made some second particulate formed by condensed alumina particulate but discoloration part distributed minute alumina particulate without second particulate. Consequently, it was also observed that rotational speed of 3 000 r/min and upset pressure of 63.6 MPa showed a very good.joint.

Synergistic effect of a new wedge-bond-type anchor for CFRP tendons

In order to improve the anchoring force of anchors for carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) tendons further, a new wedge-bond-type anchor for CFRP tendons was developed. The increment in anchoring force induced by the clamping segment of anchor was studied. Taking the deformation of all parts in clamping segment in the transverse direction into consideration, the calculation formula for the increment of anchoring force was proposed based on the linear elastic hypotheses. The proposed model is verified by experiments and conclusions are drawn that the anchoring force is influenced mainly by the inclination angle of clamping pieces, the length of clamping part and the thickness of bonding medium. Especially, the thickness of bonding medium should be lowered in design to improve the synergistic effect of anchors.

Use of Magnesium Oxide-cement Binder in Composites Based on Hemp Shives

In this paper, it presented the results of experimental study of utilization of MgO cement as calcium hydrate replacement in lightweight composites based on hemp shives. The results of selected characteristics （compressive strength and coefficient of thermal conductivity） of hardened composites show that MgO cement based on the milled caustic magnesite is suitable alternative in comparison to conventional binders used in hemp concrete. This material leads to new environmentally products as non-load bearing building materials.

Comparison of Effects of Different Organo-montmorillonites on PA 66 / Clay Nanocomposites

Different organo-montmorillonites （OMMTs） are prepared by modifying montmorillonites （MMTs） with CTAB, PA 1010 salts/CTAB, PEG/CTAB, PVA/CTAB, PVP, PVP/ CTAB and PA 6/CTAB, respectively. These OMMTs were studied by X-ray diffraction and TG. The gallery sizes of them are all larger than that of sodium MMTs. And the decomposition temperatures of them are all much higher than that of MMT and the processing temperature of PA 66, especially OM - 6 and OM - 7, the decomposition temperatures of which are 451.6℃ and 439.1℃, almost the collapse temperature of the native MMT crystal lattice which is more than 5080C. Then PA 66/Clay nanocomposites were synthesized by mixing these OMMTs with PA 66 matrix via melt intercalation. Experimental results indicate that the tensile and flexural properties increase significantly, especially those of PCN - 08. The combination property of PCN- 08 is the best. TEaM photos show that some clay platelets are present in the matrix as exfollated layers, while most of the clay platelets are present as intercalated layers.

Lateral displacement of silty clay under cement-fly ash-gravel pile-supported embankments: Analytical consideration and field evidence

Based on back analysis of lateral displacements measured in situ by using the analytical solution, a useful method for estimating stress concentration ratio of geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported(GRPS) embankments was proposed. In order to validate the proposed method, a full-scale high-speed railway embankment(HSRE) with four instrumented subsections over medium compressibility silty clay was constructed in three stages. The soil profile, construction procedure and monitoring of settlements and lateral displacements of the four test sections were described. The field deformation analysis results show that 1) the combined reinforcement of CFG piles and geosynthetic layer perform well in terms of reducing lateral displacements; 2) the development of lateral displacements lags behind the increase of fill load, which can be attributed to the vertical load transfer mechanism of the pile foundation; and 3) pile length has a dominant effect on the stress distribution proportion between piles and surrounding soils. The comparison between predicted and experimental results suggests that the proposed analytical solution and the back analysis-based method are capable of reasonably estimating the lateral deformation and the stress concentration ratio, respectively, if the appropriate soil elastic modulus is chosen.