不同有机溶剂对人精子体外运动参数的影响比较

目的研究常用有机溶剂对正常男性精子体外运动活力的影响。方法取正常男性精子,采用上游优化法处理,制备成精子悬液并分成4组,前3组分别加入二甲亚砜,使二甲亚砜终浓度分别为0.5%,1%和2%,pH值均为7.5,渗透压为290 mosm.(kg.H2O-1),D组加入等量Ham’s F10培养液作对照。分别于孵育15,30,45和60 m in后采用CASA进行分析。参照上述方法,考察有机溶剂甘油、聚乙二醇、吐温80对精子体外运动活力的影响。甘油终浓度分别调至1%,5%和10%,聚乙二醇终浓度分别调至1%,5%和10%,吐温80终浓度分别调至1%,5%和10%。结果2%二甲亚砜作用于精子60 m in能导致精子全部死亡,10%甘油作用60 m in后对精子运动参数抑制率达73.8%,10%聚乙二醇400作用于人精子60 m in可致其全部死亡,10%吐温80作用60 m in后对精子运动参数抑制率达95.5%。加入不同浓度二甲亚砜、甘油、聚乙二醇400和吐温80的各组前向运动精子百分率、曲线运动速度、直线运动速度和平均路径速度均较空白对照组显著降低(均P<0.05)。结论高浓度有机溶剂体外可抑制正常男性精子存活率和运动活力。

补肺益肾汤对精子参数的干预作用

目的:观察补肺益肾汤对精子运动参数的影响机制。方法:选取中医门诊男性不育症患者90例,随机分为治疗组、对照组,治疗组服用补肺益肾汤,每次150mL,每日2次,对照组口服VE胶囊50mg3次/日,1个月1个疗程,治疗前后均做精液分析。结果:补肺益肾汤能明显提高精液a级精子百分率、精子直线速度、精子前向性、精子直线性(P<0.01)。结论:补肺益肾汤能明显改善精子运动参数。

Acute toxicity effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on sperm vitality,kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish

Perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） has emerged as one of the most concerning contaminants in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity effect of PFOS on sperm viability, kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish （Danio rerio）. Sperm were activated in aqueous media containing a range of PFOS concentrations （0, 0.09, 0.9 and 9 mg/L）. Viabilities and kinematics of the sperm exposed to different PFOS treatments were assessed via computer-assisted sperm analysis （CASA） at 20, 40, 60, and 80 s after activation. PFOS exposure decreased the percentage of motile sperm, the curvilinear velocity （VCL）, and the mean angular displacement （MAD） of spermatozoa, but showed no influence on the straight- line velocity （VSL） or the angular path velocity （VAP）. Furthermore, a significant decrease in fertilization success was observed in spermatozoa that were exposed to 0.9 mg/L PFOS or more. These findings indicate that PFOS pollution in natural aquatic environment may be a potential threaten to successful reproduction of fish.

Motility of Stallion Spermatozoa after Centrifugation and Cooling in INRA96 or Walworth Extender

A total of 18 ejaculates were collected, once per week, from six fertile stallions for three consecutive weeks in October and November, to compare motility over time between extenders using four semen processing treatments. Four total aliquots of semen were used. Two aliquots of each semen collection were extended in either INRA96 or an experimental proprietary milk-based extender Walworth （WW） extender, and each was designed for multi-day storage of fresh chilled semen. Each aliquot was divided again, and either centrifuged at 600 μg for 10 min without cushion, or not centrifuged and extended to a final concentration of 25 × 10^6 spermatozoa/mL. The treatments evaluated were INRA96 without centrifugation （INRA-NC） or with centrifugation （INRA-C）, and Walworth extender without centrifugation （WW-NC） or with centrifugation （WW-C）. Total and progressive motility were measured using Sperm Vision~ CASA at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h post-collection. Samples were stored at 4 ℃. No differences were found between extenders in progressive （P = 0.13） or total motility （P = 0.14） over the four different time points without centrifugation. However, ejaculates processed in INRA-C group had the greater total and progressive motility （P 〈 0.05） over the four time points than ejaculates in the WW-C group. It was found that centrifugation and re-suspension of stallion semen in INRA96 improved the longevity of fresh chilled semen. However, when not using centrifugation, the Walworth extender proved to be as effective for maintaining spermatozoa motility across all time points as 1NRA96 , and may be an alternative for use in the equine breeding industry.

Effects of chilled storage and cryopreservation on sperm characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus

The present study evaluated the ef fects of chilled storage and cryopreservation on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus. Sperm motility and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), glutathione reductase(Gr), and lipid peroxidation(measured via malondialdehyde(MDA) content) were determined after the milt was stored at 4°C for 12 h, cryopreserved without cryoprotectant in 12% propylene glycol(PG), cryopreserved in 12% PG+0.1 mol/L trehalose, or cryopreserved in 12% PG spermatozoa but centrifuged to decant the supernatant prior to cryopreservation(only sperm cells were cryopreserved). After chilled storage or cryopreservation, the SOD, CAT and GPx activities were reduced in sperm cells and increased in seminal plasma in almost all treatments; sperm motility parameters were also decreased. However, the addition of trehalose into the cryoprotectant could signifi cantly improve the postthaw sperm quality as revealed by the sperm average path velocity. This improvement might be attributed to the function of trehalose in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Chilled storage and cryopreservation had signifi cant eff ects on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod.

消癥煎治疗湿热瘀结型特发性畸形精子症不育

目的:观察中原门氏验方——消癥煎治疗特发性畸形精子症不育(湿热瘀结证)患者的临床疗效。方法:100例特发性畸形精子症不育(湿热瘀结证)患者按来院就诊时间的先后顺序,按照随机数字表法随机(11)均分为试验组(消癥煎)、对照组(左卡尼汀口服液)各50例。治疗12周后,比较患者配偶妊娠率,精子形态学参数(正常形态精子率、头部畸形精子率),前向运动精子活力、精子总活力和精子顶体酶活性,中医证候积分。结果:试验组有效率为82.61%,对照组有效率为71.11%,两组有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.417,P=0.038);两组临床等级疗效经秩和检验,差异有统计学意义(z=-2.563,P=0.010)。治疗后,试验组中14例患者配偶妊娠,妊娠率为29.79%;对照组中6例患者配偶妊娠,妊娠率为12.50%,两组配偶妊娠率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者正常形态精子率、前向运动精子活力、精子总活力和精子顶体酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),试验组以上指标高于同期对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者精子头部畸形率、中医证候积分显著降低(P<0.05),试验组精子头部畸形率、中医证候积分低于同期对照组(P<0.05)。结论:消癥煎治疗湿热瘀结型特发性畸形精子症疗效显著,可降低精子头部畸形率,提高配偶妊娠率,并能改善前向运动精子活力、精子总活力、顶体酶活性及中医临床症状。