The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut micro...The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut microbiota is currently viewed as a key regulator of a fluent bidirectional dialogue between the gut and the brain(gut-brain axis). A number of preclinical studies have suggested that the microbiota and its genome(microbiome) may play a key role in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, alterations in the gut microbiota composition in humans have also been linked to a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, autism and Parkinson's disease. However, it is not yet clear whether these changes in the microbiome are causally related to such diseases or are secondary effects thereof. In this respect, recent studies in animals have indicated that gut microbiota transplantation can transfer a behavioral phenotype, suggesting that the gut microbiota may be a modifiable factor modulating the development or pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric conditions. Further studies are warranted to establish whether or not the findings of preclinical animal experiments can be generalized to humans. Moreover, although different communication routes between the microbiota and brain have been identified, further studies must elucidate all the underlying mechanisms involved. Such research is expected to contribute to the design of strategies to modulate the gut microbiota and its functions with a view to improving mental health, and thus provide opportunities to improve the management of psychiatric diseases. Here, we review the evidence supporting a role of the gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders and the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying its contribution to mental illness and health. We also consider the stages of life where the gut microbiota is more susceptible to the effects of environmental stressors, and the possible microbiota-targeted intervention strategies that could improve health status and prevent psychiatric disorders in the near future.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needle therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)and the effect on neuroelectrophysiology(event-related potentials).Methods:A total of 60 PSCI patie...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needle therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)and the effect on neuroelectrophysiology(event-related potentials).Methods:A total of 60 PSCI patients were selected and divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the method of random number table,with 30 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine treatment while the patients in the treatment group received additional Jin's three-needle therapy.The treatment for both groups lasted four weeks.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scores as well as amplitude and latency of potential 300(P300)were adopted to compare the between-group results before and after treatment.Results:Before treatment,there were no significant differences(all P>0.05)in MMSE and MoCA scores,P300 latency and P300 amplitude between the two groups.After 4 weeks of treatment,the MMSE and MoCA scores and P300 amplitudes were improved in both groups,and the P300 latencies became shorter.The results showed significant intra-group and between-group differences(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on the routine treatment,Jin's three-needle therapy is effective for PSCI.The mechanism is probably through its regulation on the patients'neuroelectrophysiology.展开更多
基金Supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness(MINECO),No.AGL2014-52101-PA Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ at the Spanish Ministry of Health(Spain),No.CD14/00237(Cenit MC)
文摘The last decade has witnessed a growing appreciation of the fundamental role played by an early assembly of a diverse and balanced gut microbiota and its subsequent maintenance for future health of the host. Gut microbiota is currently viewed as a key regulator of a fluent bidirectional dialogue between the gut and the brain(gut-brain axis). A number of preclinical studies have suggested that the microbiota and its genome(microbiome) may play a key role in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, alterations in the gut microbiota composition in humans have also been linked to a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression, autism and Parkinson's disease. However, it is not yet clear whether these changes in the microbiome are causally related to such diseases or are secondary effects thereof. In this respect, recent studies in animals have indicated that gut microbiota transplantation can transfer a behavioral phenotype, suggesting that the gut microbiota may be a modifiable factor modulating the development or pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric conditions. Further studies are warranted to establish whether or not the findings of preclinical animal experiments can be generalized to humans. Moreover, although different communication routes between the microbiota and brain have been identified, further studies must elucidate all the underlying mechanisms involved. Such research is expected to contribute to the design of strategies to modulate the gut microbiota and its functions with a view to improving mental health, and thus provide opportunities to improve the management of psychiatric diseases. Here, we review the evidence supporting a role of the gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric disorders and the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying its contribution to mental illness and health. We also consider the stages of life where the gut microbiota is more susceptible to the effects of environmental stressors, and the possible microbiota-targeted intervention strategies that could improve health status and prevent psychiatric disorders in the near future.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Jin's three-needle therapy on post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)and the effect on neuroelectrophysiology(event-related potentials).Methods:A total of 60 PSCI patients were selected and divided into a treatment group and a control group according to the method of random number table,with 30 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine treatment while the patients in the treatment group received additional Jin's three-needle therapy.The treatment for both groups lasted four weeks.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE)and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)scores as well as amplitude and latency of potential 300(P300)were adopted to compare the between-group results before and after treatment.Results:Before treatment,there were no significant differences(all P>0.05)in MMSE and MoCA scores,P300 latency and P300 amplitude between the two groups.After 4 weeks of treatment,the MMSE and MoCA scores and P300 amplitudes were improved in both groups,and the P300 latencies became shorter.The results showed significant intra-group and between-group differences(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on the routine treatment,Jin's three-needle therapy is effective for PSCI.The mechanism is probably through its regulation on the patients'neuroelectrophysiology.
