We have designed and prepared β-cyclodextrin （β-CD）-functionalized multi-walled nanotubes （MWCNTs-g-CD） for the oxidation of cinnamon oil to natural benzaldehyde under aqueous condi- tions. The synergistic effec...We have designed and prepared β-cyclodextrin （β-CD）-functionalized multi-walled nanotubes （MWCNTs-g-CD） for the oxidation of cinnamon oil to natural benzaldehyde under aqueous condi- tions. The synergistic effect of combining MWCNTs with β-CD led to a remarkable increase in the performance of the MWCNTs-g-CD for the catalytic oxidation of cinnamaldehyde, which exhibited 95% cinnamaldehyde conversion and 85% selectivity to natural benzaldehyde with a short reaction time of 10 rain. The MWCNTs-g-CD also exhibited outstanding recyclability with good stability, showing no discernible decrease in their catalytic activity over five reaction cycles.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2, lifetime alcohol consumption and esophageal cancer risk in the Taiwan Residents men. METHODS： Between August 2000 and June 200...AIM： To investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2, lifetime alcohol consumption and esophageal cancer risk in the Taiwan Residents men. METHODS： Between August 2000 and June 2003, 134 pathologically-proven esophageal squamous cell carcinoma male patients and 237 male controls were recruited from Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in southern Taiwan. ADH2 and ALDH2 polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS： Compared to those with ADH2＊2/＊2, individuals with ADH2＊1/＊2 and ADH2＊1/＊1 had 2.28- and 7.14-fold, respectively, increased risk of developing esophageal cancer （95%CI = 1.11-4.68 and 2.76-18.46） after adjusting for alcohol consumption and other covariates. The significant increased risk was also noted among subjects with ALDH2＊1/＊2 （adjusted OR （AOR） = 5.25, 95%CI = 2.47-11.19）, when compared to those with ALDH2＊1/＊1. The increased risk of esophageal cancer was made greater, when subjects carried both ADH2＊1/＊1 and ALDH2＊1/＊2, compared to those with ADH2＊1/＊2 or ADH2＊2/＊2 and ALDH2＊1/＊1 （AOR = 36.79,95%a = 9.36-144.65）. Furthhermore, we found a multipticative effect of lifetime alcoholic consumption and genotypes （ADH2 and ALDH2） on esophageal cancer risk. CONCLUSION： Our findings suggest that polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2 can modify the influence of alcoholic consumption on esophageal cancer risk.展开更多
The development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) can be attributed to many factors that cause damage to the liver and alter its functions. Data collected over the last 30 years strongly suggests that an immune compone...The development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) can be attributed to many factors that cause damage to the liver and alter its functions. Data collected over the last 30 years strongly suggests that an immune component may be involved in the onset of this disease. This is best evidenced by the detection of circulating autoantibodies, infiltration of immune cells in the liver, and the detection of hepatic aldehyde modified proteins in patients with ALD. Experimentally, there are numerous immune responses that occur when proteins are modified with the metabolites of ethanol. These products are formed in response to the high oxidative state of the liver during ethanol metabolism, causing the release of many inflammatory processes and potential of necrosis or apoptosis of liver cells. Should cellular proteins become modified with these reactive alcohol metabolites and be recognized by the immune system, then immune responses may be initiated. Therefore, it was the purpose of this article to shed some insight into how the immune system is involved in the development and/or progression of ALD.展开更多
A facile and efficient procedure has been developed systematically for the oxidative cleavage of cinna-maldehyde to benzaldehyde by sodium hypochlorite with water as the only solvent in the presence of β-cyclodextrin...A facile and efficient procedure has been developed systematically for the oxidative cleavage of cinna-maldehyde to benzaldehyde by sodium hypochlorite with water as the only solvent in the presence of β-cyclodextrin （abbreviated as β-CD）. Different factors influencing cinnamaldehyde oxidation e.g. reaction temperature, the amount of catalyst and oxidant, have been investigated. The yield of benzaldehyde reaches 76% under the optimum conditions （333 K, 4 h, molar ratio of cinnamaldehyde to β-CD is 1：1）. Furthermore, a feasible reaction mecha-nism including the formation of benzaldehyde and the two main byproducts （phenylacetaldehyde and epoxide of cinnamaldehyde） has been proposed.展开更多
The formaldehyde (HCHO) measurement is described by differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique and the data processing method is discussed in detail, including the selection of retrieval wavelength ...The formaldehyde (HCHO) measurement is described by differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique and the data processing method is discussed in detail, including the selection of retrieval wavelength band, the removing of interfering structures, the steps of data processing and the spectrum dealing with nonlinear method. The HCHO concentra- tion retrieved in different wavelength bands were compared, including relative error, repeatability and detection limit. As a result, the band from 314 to 332 nm was most suitable for the retrieval of HCHO. With these methods, high measurement precision of 1.9% was obtained and the detection limit of HCHO is less than 1.5 ppb. In addition, high linear relativity 0.9999 is achieved by measuring five different concentrations of HCHO with this system.展开更多
Based on the principle of biomimetic catalysis, β-cyclodextrin was applied to the acetalation reaction as a facile and efficient catalyst, and the synthesis was environmentally friendly with atomic economy. The influ...Based on the principle of biomimetic catalysis, β-cyclodextrin was applied to the acetalation reaction as a facile and efficient catalyst, and the synthesis was environmentally friendly with atomic economy. The influencing factors of the acetalation reaction e.g. the reaction time, the volume of water-carrying agent,the molar ratio of catalyst to benzaldehyde and the molar ratio of glycol to benzaldehyde had been studied.The yield of benzaldehyde glycol acetal would reach a maximum of 81.3% under the conditions approached.Six of other acetals were also synthesized. Moreover, a plausible reaction mechanism for the formation of acetal had been proposed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21376279, 21276102, 21425627)Guangdong Technology Research Center for Synthesis and Separation of Thermosensitive Chemicals (2015B090903061)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (14lgpy28)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Projects (2014J4100125)~~
文摘We have designed and prepared β-cyclodextrin （β-CD）-functionalized multi-walled nanotubes （MWCNTs-g-CD） for the oxidation of cinnamon oil to natural benzaldehyde under aqueous condi- tions. The synergistic effect of combining MWCNTs with β-CD led to a remarkable increase in the performance of the MWCNTs-g-CD for the catalytic oxidation of cinnamaldehyde, which exhibited 95% cinnamaldehyde conversion and 85% selectivity to natural benzaldehyde with a short reaction time of 10 rain. The MWCNTs-g-CD also exhibited outstanding recyclability with good stability, showing no discernible decrease in their catalytic activity over five reaction cycles.
基金Supported by the Taiwan National Science Council, No. NSC 90-2320-B-037-040 and NSC 90-2320-B-037-052 the Taiwan National Health Research Institute, No. NHRI-CN-IN-9007P and NHRI-EX949428PI
文摘AIM： To investigate the association between the genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2, lifetime alcohol consumption and esophageal cancer risk in the Taiwan Residents men. METHODS： Between August 2000 and June 2003, 134 pathologically-proven esophageal squamous cell carcinoma male patients and 237 male controls were recruited from Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in southern Taiwan. ADH2 and ALDH2 polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS： Compared to those with ADH2＊2/＊2, individuals with ADH2＊1/＊2 and ADH2＊1/＊1 had 2.28- and 7.14-fold, respectively, increased risk of developing esophageal cancer （95%CI = 1.11-4.68 and 2.76-18.46） after adjusting for alcohol consumption and other covariates. The significant increased risk was also noted among subjects with ALDH2＊1/＊2 （adjusted OR （AOR） = 5.25, 95%CI = 2.47-11.19）, when compared to those with ALDH2＊1/＊1. The increased risk of esophageal cancer was made greater, when subjects carried both ADH2＊1/＊1 and ALDH2＊1/＊2, compared to those with ADH2＊1/＊2 or ADH2＊2/＊2 and ALDH2＊1/＊1 （AOR = 36.79,95%a = 9.36-144.65）. Furthhermore, we found a multipticative effect of lifetime alcoholic consumption and genotypes （ADH2 and ALDH2） on esophageal cancer risk. CONCLUSION： Our findings suggest that polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2 can modify the influence of alcoholic consumption on esophageal cancer risk.
文摘The development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) can be attributed to many factors that cause damage to the liver and alter its functions. Data collected over the last 30 years strongly suggests that an immune component may be involved in the onset of this disease. This is best evidenced by the detection of circulating autoantibodies, infiltration of immune cells in the liver, and the detection of hepatic aldehyde modified proteins in patients with ALD. Experimentally, there are numerous immune responses that occur when proteins are modified with the metabolites of ethanol. These products are formed in response to the high oxidative state of the liver during ethanol metabolism, causing the release of many inflammatory processes and potential of necrosis or apoptosis of liver cells. Should cellular proteins become modified with these reactive alcohol metabolites and be recognized by the immune system, then immune responses may be initiated. Therefore, it was the purpose of this article to shed some insight into how the immune system is involved in the development and/or progression of ALD.
基金Supported by the National＇Natural Science Foundation of China （21036009, 21176268）, the Higher-level Talent Project tor Guangdong Provincial Universities and the Fundamental.Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘A facile and efficient procedure has been developed systematically for the oxidative cleavage of cinna-maldehyde to benzaldehyde by sodium hypochlorite with water as the only solvent in the presence of β-cyclodextrin （abbreviated as β-CD）. Different factors influencing cinnamaldehyde oxidation e.g. reaction temperature, the amount of catalyst and oxidant, have been investigated. The yield of benzaldehyde reaches 76% under the optimum conditions （333 K, 4 h, molar ratio of cinnamaldehyde to β-CD is 1：1）. Furthermore, a feasible reaction mecha-nism including the formation of benzaldehyde and the two main byproducts （phenylacetaldehyde and epoxide of cinnamaldehyde） has been proposed.
文摘The formaldehyde (HCHO) measurement is described by differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) technique and the data processing method is discussed in detail, including the selection of retrieval wavelength band, the removing of interfering structures, the steps of data processing and the spectrum dealing with nonlinear method. The HCHO concentra- tion retrieved in different wavelength bands were compared, including relative error, repeatability and detection limit. As a result, the band from 314 to 332 nm was most suitable for the retrieval of HCHO. With these methods, high measurement precision of 1.9% was obtained and the detection limit of HCHO is less than 1.5 ppb. In addition, high linear relativity 0.9999 is achieved by measuring five different concentrations of HCHO with this system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376265)
文摘Based on the principle of biomimetic catalysis, β-cyclodextrin was applied to the acetalation reaction as a facile and efficient catalyst, and the synthesis was environmentally friendly with atomic economy. The influencing factors of the acetalation reaction e.g. the reaction time, the volume of water-carrying agent,the molar ratio of catalyst to benzaldehyde and the molar ratio of glycol to benzaldehyde had been studied.The yield of benzaldehyde glycol acetal would reach a maximum of 81.3% under the conditions approached.Six of other acetals were also synthesized. Moreover, a plausible reaction mechanism for the formation of acetal had been proposed.
