敦煌视觉艺术元素在糊染工艺皮具文创中的创新应用

敦煌视觉艺术元素承载着深厚的文化内涵,具有较强的文化价值与开发潜力,运用创新开发助推传统文化的传播与延续,解决旅游文化产品单一等问题。通过对敦煌壁画造型、色彩以及人文地理等视觉艺术元素的探析,从消费者需求与产品功能性角度出发,采用糊染工艺对皮具产品进行创新设计。创新设计出具有典型敦煌视觉艺术元素的系列糊染工艺皮具文创产品,增添敦煌文化产品的附加值,并以新的文化传播载体进入现代人们的生活。以期推动敦煌人文资源的开发与传播,为传统皮具文创行业的发展提供新的思路。

手工蜡染、糊染裂纹工艺的对比试验

裂纹制作工艺和其他工艺技法都是蜡染和糊染中重要的创作手段。以蜡染和糊染工艺对裂纹形态的影响为研究对象,用对比试验方法,系统测试了不同面料、不同蜡材或糊料、不同涂层以及不同裂纹手法等因素对蜡染裂纹和糊染裂纹效果产生的影响。分析了裂纹形态受各因素影响的成因并总结了裂纹实验技法,为蜡染糊染艺术创作提供可供参考的裂纹实验方法。

柞丝绸糊染产品的工艺方法

叙述了用活性染料、酸性染料及直接染料对柞丝绸进行糊染的主要工艺方法,讨论了染液温度、染色汽蒸温度对柞丝绸糊染加工上染百分率的影响,并说明了糊染加工中值得注意的若干问题。

Research on Distribution Pattern of Heavy Metals in Yanzhou Coalfield

Heavy metal pollution brings extensive concerns since 1940s. In order to assess the heavy metal pollution on the farmland of Yanzhou coalfield, 216 soil samples and 54 combined samples were collected. Lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, zinc, and nickel contained in both topsoil and deep soil were analyzed using atomic absorbent spectrometry analyzer (AAS). Fuzzy clustering method was used in data processing. And fuzzy synthetic assessment was applied to assess the soil contamination by heavy metals. The result shows that Yanzhou coalfield has been polluted by the heavy metals to some extent.

A Comparative Analysis of Environmental Quality Assessment Methods for Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils

Four assessment methods （two pollution indexes and two fuzzy mathematical models） were employed to investigate the environmental quality of four soils around a ferroalloy plant in Nanjing City. Environmental quality was assessed as class Ⅳ （moderately polluted） for each soil with single-factor index method, and was identified to be classes Ⅳ, Ⅲ （slightly polluted）, Ⅲ, and Ⅲ for soils A, B, C, and D, respectively, with the comprehensive index model. In comparison with the single-factor index method, the comprehensive index model concerned both dominant parameter and average contribution of all factors to the integrated environmental quality. Using the two fuzzy mathematical methods （single-factor deciding and weighted average models）, the environmental risks were determined to be classes Ⅳ, Ⅲ, Ⅱ （clean）, and Ⅱ for soils A, B, C, and D, respectively. However, divergence of the membership degree to each pollution class still occurred between the two methods. In fuzzy mathematical methods, membership functions were used to describe the limits between different pollution degrees, and different weights were allocated for the factors according to pollution contribution. Introduction of membership degree and weight of each factor to fuzzy mathematical models made the methods more reasonable in the field of environmental risk assessment.

Fuzzy Pattern Recognition System for Detection of Alga Distribution

To realize the on-line measurement and make analysis on the density of algae and their cluster distribution, the fluorescent detection and fuzzy pattern recognition techniques are used. The principle of fluorescent fiber-optic detection is given as well as the method of fuzzy feature extraction using a class of neural network.

Carbon Paste Electrodes for the Analysis of Some Agricultural Pollutants and Trace Metals

The present work is concerned with the voltammetric application of unmodified tricresyl phosphate carbon paste electrode （TCP-CPE） and in situ bismuth-film modified tricresyl phosphate-based carbon paste electrode （BiF-TCP-CPE）. The TCP-CPE was examined with the main objective of using it for the differential pulse voltammetric analysis of some neonicotinoid insecticides in aqueous Britton-Robinson buffer solution pH 7.0 as supporting electrolyte. After comparing the performance of the TCP-CPE with that of silicone oil carbon paste electrode, quantitative analysis of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothianidin was performed in model solutions and real samples （river water and commercial insecticide formulations）. The in situ prepared BiF-TCP-CPE was tested for a simultaneous detection of selected heavy metal ions （Cd^2＋ and Pb^2＋） at a μg/dm^3 concentration level, using square wave anodic stripping voltammetric technique. The influence of different electrochemical pretreatments of the working electrode on the bismuth deposition and analyte signals were investigated. Film formation was studied at untreated, pre-cathodized and pre-anodized TCP-CPEs in the acetic buffer solution pH 4.6, containing 1 μg/cm^3 Bi （III）.

染色画的表现形式

梁色画是以染料、蜡、糊、棉布为主要炼材进行的绘画创作。染料、蜡、糊、棉布是其主要的物质载体，是染色画区别于其它画种的基础材料。染料与蜡、糊、棉布等材料所结合，产生出多种工艺技法，进而形成了染色画丰富而独特的艺术语言。

A Fuzzy-based Methodology for an Aggregative Environmental Risk Assessment of Restored Soil

Environmental risks pertaining to contaminated soils have been well studied,while little attention has been paid to the risks of the soils after remediation. In this study,a concept model developed based on fuzzy set theory was applied to evaluate the uncertainties of three risk indicators,namely,plant growth,groundwater safety and human health,of a restored site that had been previously polluted by heavy metals. The concept model classified the grade and importance of risk factors by an 11-level ranking system and was able to yield a comprehensive risk result rather than multi-risk results for complex risk indicators. Modeling results showed that the risks to the three indicators were effectively reduced after the remediation. Moreover,great sensitivity of the risks was found related to the weight distribution among the three risk indicators. In general,the risks of both polluted and restored soils to the environment were in the order of groundwater safety > plant growth > human health. The model was proved to solve the problems of multi-risk results due to complex risk indicators that previously encountered by other researchers,which made it helpful in decision-making and management of restored soils.

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediments of the Fenghe River by the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Model and Multivariate Statistical Methods

Concentrations of heavy metals in 74 sediment samples from the Fenghe River, which originates from the north of the Qinling Mountains and flows through Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, were characterized by employing geographic information system(GIS)mapping, fuzzy synthetic assessment, and multivariate statistical analysis to determine the enrichment characteristics of heavy metals as well as their potential risks of pollution to sediments. Al, Cd, and Co were the major pollutants, with a high enrichment factor(EF) value. Heavy metal concentrations from samples near the paper plant were maintained at a high level. Significant enrichment of Al, Ba, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Co was found in the midstream and downstream, while high concentration of Cu occurred in the headwater stream. Based on the cluster and principal component analyses, sediment metals mainly came from the paper plants, agronomic practices, natural sources, and tourism, with a contribution of 51.59%, 23.01%, 14.21%, and 9.88%, respectively. Sediment pollution assessment explored using fuzzy theory based on the entropy method and toxicity coefficient showed that 26, 32, and 11 sites fell into Class III(slightly polluted), Class IV(moderately polluted), and Class V(heavily polluted), respectively, and their scores of membership degree in the polluted level were on the rise, suggesting a relatively high degree of sediment metal pollution in the study area. Closely related to the excessive industrial and agricultural applications, metal pollution in sediment is necessary to be addressed in the Fenghe River.