AIM： To evaluate the effect of Chinese traditional medicinal prescription, JIANPI HUOXUE decoction （JHD） on cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. METHODS： Twenty-four male ...AIM： To evaluate the effect of Chinese traditional medicinal prescription, JIANPI HUOXUE decoction （JHD） on cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. METHODS： Twenty-four male SD rats were divided into normal group （n = 4）, model group （n = 10） and JHD group （n = 10） randomly. Rats in model group and JHD group were administrated with normal saline or JHD via gastrogavage respectively twice a day for 3 d. One hour after the last administration, rats were injected with LPS via tail vein, 50 μg/kg. Simultaneously, rats in normal group were injected with equivalent normal saline. After LPS stimulation for 1.5 h, serum and liver tissue were collected. Pathological change of liver tissues was observed through hematoxylineosin （H.E.） staining. Tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α） in serum were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The protein expression of TNF-α, phosphorylated inhibit-κB （p-κB） and CD68 in liver were assayed by Western blot. The distribution of CD68 protein in liver was observed through immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of TNF-α, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, CD14, toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and TLR4 in liver were assayed by real-time RT-PCR.RESULTS： Predominant microvesicular change, hepatocyte tumefaction and cytoplasm dilution were observed in liver tissues after LPS administration as well as obvious CD68 positive staining in hepatic sinusoidal. After LPS stimulation, serum TNF-α （31.35 ± 6.06 vs 12225.40 ± 9007.03, P 〈 0.05）, protein expression of CD68 （1.13 ± 0.49 vs 3.36 ±1.69, P 〈 0.05）, p-IκB （0.01 ±0.01 vs 2.07 ＋ 0.83, P 〈 0.01） and TNF-α （0.27 ± 0.13 vs 1.29 ± 0.37, P 〈 0.01） in liver and mRNA expression of TNF-α （1.96 ± 2.23 vs 21.45 ±6.00, P 〈 0.01）, IL-6 （4.80 ± 6.42 vs 193.50 ± 36.36, P 〈 0.01） and TLR2 （1.44 ± 0.62 vs 4.16 ± 0.08, P 〈 0.01） in liver were also increased significantly. These pathological changes were all improved in .1HD group. On the other hand, TLR4 mRNA （1.22 ± 0.30 vs 0.50 ± 0.15, P 〈 0.05） was down-regulated and CD14 mRNA increased but not significantly after LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION： JHD can inhibit cytokine secretion pathway induced by LPS in rat liver, which is probably associated with its regulation on CD68, p-IκB and endotoxin receptor TLR2.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between percentage of body lipid and individual vitamin B6 contents in the anchovy used for production of Japanese soup stock. The contents of individual vit...The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between percentage of body lipid and individual vitamin B6 contents in the anchovy used for production of Japanese soup stock. The contents of individual vitamin B6 compound in foods should be determined to estimate the functionality of foods. Anchovies （Engraulisjaponica） for use as production of iriko, which is a raw material for preparation of Japanese soup stock, were caught using a medium-sized purse seine on May 26th, June 1st, and July 6th 2011 in Tachibana Bay, Nagasaki, Japan. Vitamin B6 contents were analyzed by 4-pyridoxolacone-coversion （all-enzymatic） HPLC. The relationship between body length, lipid content and the individual contents of vitamin B6 compounds in the anchovies was determined. The propriety of anchovies for iriko preparation could not be estimated based on the appearance of length of fishes. The anchovies were rich in vitamin B6, especially pyridoxamine 5＇-phosphate, which may prevent diabetic complications. The percentage of body lipid significantly showed a negative correlation with the content of pyridoxamine 5＇-phosphate. The contents of the other vitamin B6 compounds did not show the significant correlation with the percentage of body lipid.展开更多
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction extract(XXM) on lipopolysaccaride(LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the microglia BV2 cells were treated...In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction extract(XXM) on lipopolysaccaride(LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the microglia BV2 cells were treated with 200 ng/mL LPS for 24 h to induce inflammatory responses. In vivo, mice were treated with 5 mg/kg LPS to induce inflammatory responses. The NO level was determined by Griess Reagents. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 were determined by ELISA. The expressions of Iba-1, TLR4 and MyD88 at the protein levels were determined by Western blotting analysis. The mRNA levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were determined by real-time PCR. In vitro, XXM significantly reduced the levels of various pro-inflammatory factors, including NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, induced by LPS in the supernatant of BV2 cells and suppressed expressions of inflammatory proteins TLR4 and MyD88 induced by LPS in BV2 cells. In vivo, XXM significantly inhibited microglia activation, attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory factors and chemokine production, such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1, and inhibited the expressions of inflammatory proteins including TLR4 and MyD88, in the cortex of LPS-induced mice. Our findings suggested that XXM could attenuate LPS-induced neuroinflammation via down-regulating TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.30371818Shanghai Rising-Star Program, No. 07QA14052Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project, Y0302 and Shanghai Educational Development Foundation, No. 2007CG56
文摘AIM： To evaluate the effect of Chinese traditional medicinal prescription, JIANPI HUOXUE decoction （JHD） on cytokine secretion pathway in rat liver induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. METHODS： Twenty-four male SD rats were divided into normal group （n = 4）, model group （n = 10） and JHD group （n = 10） randomly. Rats in model group and JHD group were administrated with normal saline or JHD via gastrogavage respectively twice a day for 3 d. One hour after the last administration, rats were injected with LPS via tail vein, 50 μg/kg. Simultaneously, rats in normal group were injected with equivalent normal saline. After LPS stimulation for 1.5 h, serum and liver tissue were collected. Pathological change of liver tissues was observed through hematoxylineosin （H.E.） staining. Tumor necrosis factor alpha （TNF-α） in serum were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The protein expression of TNF-α, phosphorylated inhibit-κB （p-κB） and CD68 in liver were assayed by Western blot. The distribution of CD68 protein in liver was observed through immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of TNF-α, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, CD14, toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） and TLR4 in liver were assayed by real-time RT-PCR.RESULTS： Predominant microvesicular change, hepatocyte tumefaction and cytoplasm dilution were observed in liver tissues after LPS administration as well as obvious CD68 positive staining in hepatic sinusoidal. After LPS stimulation, serum TNF-α （31.35 ± 6.06 vs 12225.40 ± 9007.03, P 〈 0.05）, protein expression of CD68 （1.13 ± 0.49 vs 3.36 ±1.69, P 〈 0.05）, p-IκB （0.01 ±0.01 vs 2.07 ＋ 0.83, P 〈 0.01） and TNF-α （0.27 ± 0.13 vs 1.29 ± 0.37, P 〈 0.01） in liver and mRNA expression of TNF-α （1.96 ± 2.23 vs 21.45 ±6.00, P 〈 0.01）, IL-6 （4.80 ± 6.42 vs 193.50 ± 36.36, P 〈 0.01） and TLR2 （1.44 ± 0.62 vs 4.16 ± 0.08, P 〈 0.01） in liver were also increased significantly. These pathological changes were all improved in .1HD group. On the other hand, TLR4 mRNA （1.22 ± 0.30 vs 0.50 ± 0.15, P 〈 0.05） was down-regulated and CD14 mRNA increased but not significantly after LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION： JHD can inhibit cytokine secretion pathway induced by LPS in rat liver, which is probably associated with its regulation on CD68, p-IκB and endotoxin receptor TLR2.
文摘The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between percentage of body lipid and individual vitamin B6 contents in the anchovy used for production of Japanese soup stock. The contents of individual vitamin B6 compound in foods should be determined to estimate the functionality of foods. Anchovies （Engraulisjaponica） for use as production of iriko, which is a raw material for preparation of Japanese soup stock, were caught using a medium-sized purse seine on May 26th, June 1st, and July 6th 2011 in Tachibana Bay, Nagasaki, Japan. Vitamin B6 contents were analyzed by 4-pyridoxolacone-coversion （all-enzymatic） HPLC. The relationship between body length, lipid content and the individual contents of vitamin B6 compounds in the anchovies was determined. The propriety of anchovies for iriko preparation could not be estimated based on the appearance of length of fishes. The anchovies were rich in vitamin B6, especially pyridoxamine 5＇-phosphate, which may prevent diabetic complications. The percentage of body lipid significantly showed a negative correlation with the content of pyridoxamine 5＇-phosphate. The contents of the other vitamin B6 compounds did not show the significant correlation with the percentage of body lipid.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81473383)the Innovation Fund for Graduate of Beijing Union Medical College(Grant No.2017-1007-02)+1 种基金the Drug Innovation Major Project(Grant No.2018ZX09711001-003-019)the Medical and Health Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Grant No.2016-I2M-3-007,2018-1007-04)
文摘In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction extract(XXM) on lipopolysaccaride(LPS)-induced neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the microglia BV2 cells were treated with 200 ng/mL LPS for 24 h to induce inflammatory responses. In vivo, mice were treated with 5 mg/kg LPS to induce inflammatory responses. The NO level was determined by Griess Reagents. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 were determined by ELISA. The expressions of Iba-1, TLR4 and MyD88 at the protein levels were determined by Western blotting analysis. The mRNA levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were determined by real-time PCR. In vitro, XXM significantly reduced the levels of various pro-inflammatory factors, including NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, induced by LPS in the supernatant of BV2 cells and suppressed expressions of inflammatory proteins TLR4 and MyD88 induced by LPS in BV2 cells. In vivo, XXM significantly inhibited microglia activation, attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory factors and chemokine production, such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1, and inhibited the expressions of inflammatory proteins including TLR4 and MyD88, in the cortex of LPS-induced mice. Our findings suggested that XXM could attenuate LPS-induced neuroinflammation via down-regulating TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.
