The application of reinforcement learning is widely used by multi-agent systems in recent years. An agent uses a multi-agent system to cooperate with other agents to accomplish the given task, and one agent′s behavio...The application of reinforcement learning is widely used by multi-agent systems in recent years. An agent uses a multi-agent system to cooperate with other agents to accomplish the given task, and one agent′s behavior usually affects the others′ behaviors. In traditional reinforcement learning, one agent takes the others location, so it is difficult to consider the others′ behavior, which decreases the learning efficiency. This paper proposes multi-agent reinforcement learning with cooperation based on eligibility traces, i.e. one agent estimates the other agent′s behavior with the other agent′s eligibility traces. The results of this simulation prove the validity of the proposed learning method.展开更多
The aim of the current study is to discuss the value of poetry writing in an L2 （second language） by investigating perceptions, attitudes, and emotions of 20 EFL （English as a Foreign Language） college freshmen re...The aim of the current study is to discuss the value of poetry writing in an L2 （second language） by investigating perceptions, attitudes, and emotions of 20 EFL （English as a Foreign Language） college freshmen regarding writing Japanese poetry, haiku in English. This paper first discussed issues and uses of literature in L2 contexts and addressed the current empirical inquiry into L2 haiku writing as a method for L2 learning. The study was designed as a qualitative research which investigated the participants＇ reflection on writing L2 haikus for six weeks in an EFL college writing course. The data obtained was analyzed by using the coding system and showed that writing haiku in the target language was a challenging but valuable task for L2 learning among the EFL students. Especially haiku composition allowed them to develop their L2 linguistic awareness展开更多
The paper reports on collaborative learning approach to a remedial class in Dynamics. It uses the Kolb model and 4MAT learning system to introduce a learning cycle based on collaborative problem solving exercises. The...The paper reports on collaborative learning approach to a remedial class in Dynamics. It uses the Kolb model and 4MAT learning system to introduce a learning cycle based on collaborative problem solving exercises. The teaching approach based on learning cycle is described giving examples of different teaching elements applied in particular quadrants of the learning cycle. The attitude of students and their different approaches to, learning are presented and discussed in detail. The results presented cover different aspects of the course delivery and students＇ perception. The results include students＇ statistics with respect to their registration and previous history related to the course, their motivatiion, assessment and satisfaction with the approach applied. This initial introduction of cooperative activities into the remedial Dynamics class can be assessed as a positive step in increasing student understanding and performance in the course. The students＇ positive reception of the non-traditional teaching method and their overall improved performance seem to confirm the advantages of collaborative leaming. In terms of the final grades, the results of the experiment were not as good as expected. However, the application of 4MAT learning system which exposed students to a variety of diverse learning styles improved the quality of education. The positive aspect of the experiment was the attitude of students and their acceptance of the new mode of course delivery. In conclusion collaborative learning could be extended beyond remedial groups to normal student classes.展开更多
This paper focuses on the application of systemic Functional Grammar （SFG） to language study. By providing a sample of text analysis from the systemic functional point of view, the paper illustrates how this approac...This paper focuses on the application of systemic Functional Grammar （SFG） to language study. By providing a sample of text analysis from the systemic functional point of view, the paper illustrates how this approach can be helpful to language teaching.展开更多
文摘The application of reinforcement learning is widely used by multi-agent systems in recent years. An agent uses a multi-agent system to cooperate with other agents to accomplish the given task, and one agent′s behavior usually affects the others′ behaviors. In traditional reinforcement learning, one agent takes the others location, so it is difficult to consider the others′ behavior, which decreases the learning efficiency. This paper proposes multi-agent reinforcement learning with cooperation based on eligibility traces, i.e. one agent estimates the other agent′s behavior with the other agent′s eligibility traces. The results of this simulation prove the validity of the proposed learning method.
文摘The aim of the current study is to discuss the value of poetry writing in an L2 （second language） by investigating perceptions, attitudes, and emotions of 20 EFL （English as a Foreign Language） college freshmen regarding writing Japanese poetry, haiku in English. This paper first discussed issues and uses of literature in L2 contexts and addressed the current empirical inquiry into L2 haiku writing as a method for L2 learning. The study was designed as a qualitative research which investigated the participants＇ reflection on writing L2 haikus for six weeks in an EFL college writing course. The data obtained was analyzed by using the coding system and showed that writing haiku in the target language was a challenging but valuable task for L2 learning among the EFL students. Especially haiku composition allowed them to develop their L2 linguistic awareness
文摘The paper reports on collaborative learning approach to a remedial class in Dynamics. It uses the Kolb model and 4MAT learning system to introduce a learning cycle based on collaborative problem solving exercises. The teaching approach based on learning cycle is described giving examples of different teaching elements applied in particular quadrants of the learning cycle. The attitude of students and their different approaches to, learning are presented and discussed in detail. The results presented cover different aspects of the course delivery and students＇ perception. The results include students＇ statistics with respect to their registration and previous history related to the course, their motivatiion, assessment and satisfaction with the approach applied. This initial introduction of cooperative activities into the remedial Dynamics class can be assessed as a positive step in increasing student understanding and performance in the course. The students＇ positive reception of the non-traditional teaching method and their overall improved performance seem to confirm the advantages of collaborative leaming. In terms of the final grades, the results of the experiment were not as good as expected. However, the application of 4MAT learning system which exposed students to a variety of diverse learning styles improved the quality of education. The positive aspect of the experiment was the attitude of students and their acceptance of the new mode of course delivery. In conclusion collaborative learning could be extended beyond remedial groups to normal student classes.
文摘This paper focuses on the application of systemic Functional Grammar （SFG） to language study. By providing a sample of text analysis from the systemic functional point of view, the paper illustrates how this approach can be helpful to language teaching.
