The authors review recent advances in the development of coupled Regional Earth System Models （RESMs）,a field that is still in its early stages.To date,coupled regional atmosphere-ocean-sea ice,atmosphere-aerosol an...The authors review recent advances in the development of coupled Regional Earth System Models （RESMs）,a field that is still in its early stages.To date,coupled regional atmosphere-ocean-sea ice,atmosphere-aerosol and atmosphere-biosphere models have been developed,but they have been applied onlyto limited regional settings.Much more work is thus needed to assess their transferability to a wide range of settings.Future challenges in regional climate modeling are identified,including the development of fully coupled RESMs encompassing not only atmosphere,ocean,cryosphere,biosphere,chemosphere,but also the human component in a fully interactive way.展开更多
The existing hydraulic system always have problems of temperature rise,runningstability and anti-interference of the implementation components,reliability of hydrauliccomponents,maintenance difficulties,and other issu...The existing hydraulic system always have problems of temperature rise,runningstability and anti-interference of the implementation components,reliability of hydrauliccomponents,maintenance difficulties,and other issues.With high efficiency,energysaving,reliability,easy operating,stable running,anti-interference ability,and other advantages,the load-sensitive hydraulic system is more suitable for coal mine all-hydrauliccore rig.Therefore,for the technical development of the coal mine all-hydraulic core rig,the load-sensitive technology employed by the rig should be of great significance.展开更多
This paper presents a new risk assessment methodology for coal mine excavated slopes. This new empirical-statistical slope.stability assessment m. ethodology （SSAM! is intended for use by geotechnical engineers at bo...This paper presents a new risk assessment methodology for coal mine excavated slopes. This new empirical-statistical slope.stability assessment m. ethodology （SSAM! is intended for use by geotechnical engineers at both the design review and operational stages of a mine＇s life to categonse the risk of an excavated coal mine slope. A likelihood of failure is determined using a new slope stability classification system for excavated coal mine slopes developed using a database of 119 intact and failed case studies sourced from open cut coal mines in Australia. Consequence of failure is based on slope height and stand-off distance at the toe of the excavated slope. Results are presented in a new risk matrix, with slope risk being divided into low, medium and high categories. The SSAM is put forward as a new risk assess- ment methodology to assess the potential for, and consequence of, excavated coal mine slope failure. Unlike existing classification systems, assumptions about the likely failure mode or mechanism are not required. Instead, the SSAM applies an approach which compares the conditions present within the exca- vated slope face, with the known past performance of slopes with similar geotechnical and geometrical conditions, to estimate the slope＇s propensity for failure. The SSAM is novel in that it considers the depo- sitional history of strata in an excavated slope and how this sequence affects slope stability. It is further novel in that it does not require explicit measurements of intact rock, rock mass and/or defect strength to rapidly calculate a slope＇s likelihood of failure and overall risk. Ratings can be determined entirely from visual observations of the excavated slope face. The new SSAM is designed to be used in conjunction with existing slope stability assessment tools.展开更多
This work deals with analysis of dynamic behaviour of hydraulic excavator on the basis of developed dynamic-mathematical model.The mathematical model with maximum five degrees of freedom is extended by new generalized...This work deals with analysis of dynamic behaviour of hydraulic excavator on the basis of developed dynamic-mathematical model.The mathematical model with maximum five degrees of freedom is extended by new generalized coordinate which represents rotation around transversal main central axis of inertia of undercarriage.The excavator is described by a system of six nonlinear,nonhomogenous differential equations of the second kind.Numerical analysis of the differential equations has been done for BTH-600 hydraulic excavator with moving mechanism with pneumatic wheels.展开更多
In Kuwait, wastewater management has gained extra attention in recent years and becomes crucial for sustainable industrial development sector. Among the food industry sector, dairy processing plants generate huge amou...In Kuwait, wastewater management has gained extra attention in recent years and becomes crucial for sustainable industrial development sector. Among the food industry sector, dairy processing plants generate huge amount of wastewater, which is heavily loaded with organic and other toxic compounds. Disposal of dairy wastewater effluent without sufficient treatment can contaminate aquatic ecosystems. Cost efficient treatment processes that are effective in removing organic load and other contaminants are essential to meet stringent environmental regulations applied in Kuwait. A research study was carried out at the KISR （Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research） to assess the technical viability and economic feasibility of combined microfiltration and biological treatment system. This work presents the economic evaluation of the adopted treatment system. The results show that the cost of the integrated system for large scale is estimated to be US$ 1.575/m3, which is 25% less than the cost of wastewater transportation and treatment in conventional sewage plants.展开更多
In order to guarantee the validity of the city emergency rescue, it will need to feedback goods demand and injuries to guide accident emergency rescue center in a timely, and also we need to fully grasp with emergency...In order to guarantee the validity of the city emergency rescue, it will need to feedback goods demand and injuries to guide accident emergency rescue center in a timely, and also we need to fully grasp with emergency supplies and emergency hospital. Considering the effectiveness of city emergency rescue and timeliness, the paper analyzes and design Rescue Decision Support System for city distribution of emergency supplies and search of wounded man based on GIS. Emergency medical aid model established in this paper, taking ArcGIS＋VS2005 as the development platform, C# as development language, design and development the preliminary city emergency medical rescue simulation system based on GIS.展开更多
The principal means of conserving water and utilizing hydropower in China is to exploit the use of a series of reservoirs in a cascade. This method and its inherent engineering safety problems are receiving increasing...The principal means of conserving water and utilizing hydropower in China is to exploit the use of a series of reservoirs in a cascade. This method and its inherent engineering safety problems are receiving increasing attention nowadays. In the field of engineering safety analysis, much work has focused on single reservoir projects in the past few years, but there is little research available on the safety risk analysis of cascade reservoirs, either within China or internationally. Therefore, a framework for risk analysis on the cascade reservoir system based on the theory of system engineering is constructed in this article. A cascading failure model is established and the connection degree factor discussed. In addition, the importance degree of the subsystem, which can be calculated by combining the analytical hierarchy process and the entropy weight method, is explained. According to brittleness theory of a complex system, brittle risk entropy is proposed as a performance index for measuring the collapse uncertainty of the cascade reservoir system. In addition, the brittle risk of the cascade reservoir system is predicted, which provides a reference for safety analysis in water conservation and hydropower construction projects in China.展开更多
This paper develops a large-scale small-gain result for dynamic networks composed of infinite-dimensional subsystems. It is assumed that the subsystems are input-to-output stable（IOS）and unboundedness observable（UO...This paper develops a large-scale small-gain result for dynamic networks composed of infinite-dimensional subsystems. It is assumed that the subsystems are input-to-output stable（IOS）and unboundedness observable（UO）, and the large-scale infinite-dimensional system can be proved to be IOS and UO if the proposed small-gain condition is satisfied.展开更多
A discrete nonlinear model of real estate is derived,with which the evolutionary trendamong government,consumers and real estate developers is described.The stability,bifurcation,andchaotic behavior of the system are ...A discrete nonlinear model of real estate is derived,with which the evolutionary trendamong government,consumers and real estate developers is described.The stability,bifurcation,andchaotic behavior of the system are also analyzed by using nonlinear dynamic method.Results show thatchaos can be obtained via quasi-periodic transition and double-periodic bifurcation.The influence ofdynamic evolutionary trend among stakeholder on system stability is also studied and some interestingconclusions are derived.This research can effectively explain the complex behavior of housing prices.展开更多
Bacteria need a high degree of genetic stability to maintain their species identities over long evolutionary times while retaining some mutability to adapt to the changing environment.It is a long unanswered question ...Bacteria need a high degree of genetic stability to maintain their species identities over long evolutionary times while retaining some mutability to adapt to the changing environment.It is a long unanswered question that how bacteria reconcile these seemingly contradictory biological properties.We hypothesized that certain mechanisms must maintain a dynamic balance between genetic stability and mutability for the survival and evolution of bacterial species.To identify such mechanisms,we analyzed bacterial genomes,focusing on the Salmonella mismatch repair(MMR)system.We found that the MMR gene mutL functions as a genetic switch through a slipped-strand mispairing mechanism,modulating and maintaining a dynamic balance between genetic stability and mutability during bacterial evolution.This mechanism allows bacteria to maintain their phylogenetic status,while also adapting to changing environments by acquiring novel traits.In this review,we outline the history of research into this genetic switch,from its discovery to the latest findings,and discuss its potential roles in the genomic evolution of bacteria.展开更多
The methodology for modeling no-frost refrigerator is described based on the component models developed in PartⅠ,and then,system simulation is applied to a BCD-235W refrigerator-freezer(RF).Experiments are carried ou...The methodology for modeling no-frost refrigerator is described based on the component models developed in PartⅠ,and then,system simulation is applied to a BCD-235W refrigerator-freezer(RF).Experiments are carried out to study'pull-down'and steady-state performance of the RF,and to determine how the experiment and simulation temperature stack up against each other.Good match is found between simulated and measured results for the'pull-down'period.For the steady-state period,the simulation results are also found to agree well with experiment ones except for the temperature profiles of the refrigerator compartment(RC) and freezer compartment(FC).The average temperature and the energy consumption errors between measurement and simulation are less than 10%.Although the model can not reflect the non-uniform air temperature fields in the RC and FC,the variation range and periodicities of the temperature correlate well between the simulation and experiment.We conclude that such a model is valid for investigating the performance of no-frost refrigerator.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2016YFA0600704]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number Y71301U801]
文摘The authors review recent advances in the development of coupled Regional Earth System Models （RESMs）,a field that is still in its early stages.To date,coupled regional atmosphere-ocean-sea ice,atmosphere-aerosol and atmosphere-biosphere models have been developed,but they have been applied onlyto limited regional settings.Much more work is thus needed to assess their transferability to a wide range of settings.Future challenges in regional climate modeling are identified,including the development of fully coupled RESMs encompassing not only atmosphere,ocean,cryosphere,biosphere,chemosphere,but also the human component in a fully interactive way.
基金Supported by the Youth Innovation Fund of China Coal Research Institute(2007QN50)
文摘The existing hydraulic system always have problems of temperature rise,runningstability and anti-interference of the implementation components,reliability of hydrauliccomponents,maintenance difficulties,and other issues.With high efficiency,energysaving,reliability,easy operating,stable running,anti-interference ability,and other advantages,the load-sensitive hydraulic system is more suitable for coal mine all-hydrauliccore rig.Therefore,for the technical development of the coal mine all-hydraulic core rig,the load-sensitive technology employed by the rig should be of great significance.
基金funded by the Australian Coal Association Research Program(ACARP)
文摘This paper presents a new risk assessment methodology for coal mine excavated slopes. This new empirical-statistical slope.stability assessment m. ethodology （SSAM! is intended for use by geotechnical engineers at both the design review and operational stages of a mine＇s life to categonse the risk of an excavated coal mine slope. A likelihood of failure is determined using a new slope stability classification system for excavated coal mine slopes developed using a database of 119 intact and failed case studies sourced from open cut coal mines in Australia. Consequence of failure is based on slope height and stand-off distance at the toe of the excavated slope. Results are presented in a new risk matrix, with slope risk being divided into low, medium and high categories. The SSAM is put forward as a new risk assess- ment methodology to assess the potential for, and consequence of, excavated coal mine slope failure. Unlike existing classification systems, assumptions about the likely failure mode or mechanism are not required. Instead, the SSAM applies an approach which compares the conditions present within the exca- vated slope face, with the known past performance of slopes with similar geotechnical and geometrical conditions, to estimate the slope＇s propensity for failure. The SSAM is novel in that it considers the depo- sitional history of strata in an excavated slope and how this sequence affects slope stability. It is further novel in that it does not require explicit measurements of intact rock, rock mass and/or defect strength to rapidly calculate a slope＇s likelihood of failure and overall risk. Ratings can be determined entirely from visual observations of the excavated slope face. The new SSAM is designed to be used in conjunction with existing slope stability assessment tools.
文摘This work deals with analysis of dynamic behaviour of hydraulic excavator on the basis of developed dynamic-mathematical model.The mathematical model with maximum five degrees of freedom is extended by new generalized coordinate which represents rotation around transversal main central axis of inertia of undercarriage.The excavator is described by a system of six nonlinear,nonhomogenous differential equations of the second kind.Numerical analysis of the differential equations has been done for BTH-600 hydraulic excavator with moving mechanism with pneumatic wheels.
文摘In Kuwait, wastewater management has gained extra attention in recent years and becomes crucial for sustainable industrial development sector. Among the food industry sector, dairy processing plants generate huge amount of wastewater, which is heavily loaded with organic and other toxic compounds. Disposal of dairy wastewater effluent without sufficient treatment can contaminate aquatic ecosystems. Cost efficient treatment processes that are effective in removing organic load and other contaminants are essential to meet stringent environmental regulations applied in Kuwait. A research study was carried out at the KISR （Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research） to assess the technical viability and economic feasibility of combined microfiltration and biological treatment system. This work presents the economic evaluation of the adopted treatment system. The results show that the cost of the integrated system for large scale is estimated to be US$ 1.575/m3, which is 25% less than the cost of wastewater transportation and treatment in conventional sewage plants.
文摘In order to guarantee the validity of the city emergency rescue, it will need to feedback goods demand and injuries to guide accident emergency rescue center in a timely, and also we need to fully grasp with emergency supplies and emergency hospital. Considering the effectiveness of city emergency rescue and timeliness, the paper analyzes and design Rescue Decision Support System for city distribution of emergency supplies and search of wounded man based on GIS. Emergency medical aid model established in this paper, taking ArcGIS＋VS2005 as the development platform, C# as development language, design and development the preliminary city emergency medical rescue simulation system based on GIS.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.2013BAB06B01)the Graduate Student Scientific Research Innovation Projects of Regular Institutions of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.CXZZ11_0439&CXZZ13_0236)
文摘The principal means of conserving water and utilizing hydropower in China is to exploit the use of a series of reservoirs in a cascade. This method and its inherent engineering safety problems are receiving increasing attention nowadays. In the field of engineering safety analysis, much work has focused on single reservoir projects in the past few years, but there is little research available on the safety risk analysis of cascade reservoirs, either within China or internationally. Therefore, a framework for risk analysis on the cascade reservoir system based on the theory of system engineering is constructed in this article. A cascading failure model is established and the connection degree factor discussed. In addition, the importance degree of the subsystem, which can be calculated by combining the analytical hierarchy process and the entropy weight method, is explained. According to brittleness theory of a complex system, brittle risk entropy is proposed as a performance index for measuring the collapse uncertainty of the cascade reservoir system. In addition, the brittle risk of the cascade reservoir system is predicted, which provides a reference for safety analysis in water conservation and hydropower construction projects in China.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.ECCS-1501044the National Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos.61374042,61522305,61633007 and 61533007the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems at BIT
文摘This paper develops a large-scale small-gain result for dynamic networks composed of infinite-dimensional subsystems. It is assumed that the subsystems are input-to-output stable（IOS）and unboundedness observable（UO）, and the large-scale infinite-dimensional system can be proved to be IOS and UO if the proposed small-gain condition is satisfied.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 60641006,70872029.
文摘A discrete nonlinear model of real estate is derived,with which the evolutionary trendamong government,consumers and real estate developers is described.The stability,bifurcation,andchaotic behavior of the system are also analyzed by using nonlinear dynamic method.Results show thatchaos can be obtained via quasi-periodic transition and double-periodic bifurcation.The influence ofdynamic evolutionary trend among stakeholder on system stability is also studied and some interestingconclusions are derived.This research can effectively explain the complex behavior of housing prices.
基金supported by a Heilongjiang Innovation Endowment Award for graduate studies(YJSCX2012-197HLJ)to Tang Lea grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC30970078)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province to Liu GuiRongthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC30970119,81030029,81271786,NSFC-NIH 81161120416)to Liu ShuLin
文摘Bacteria need a high degree of genetic stability to maintain their species identities over long evolutionary times while retaining some mutability to adapt to the changing environment.It is a long unanswered question that how bacteria reconcile these seemingly contradictory biological properties.We hypothesized that certain mechanisms must maintain a dynamic balance between genetic stability and mutability for the survival and evolution of bacterial species.To identify such mechanisms,we analyzed bacterial genomes,focusing on the Salmonella mismatch repair(MMR)system.We found that the MMR gene mutL functions as a genetic switch through a slipped-strand mispairing mechanism,modulating and maintaining a dynamic balance between genetic stability and mutability during bacterial evolution.This mechanism allows bacteria to maintain their phylogenetic status,while also adapting to changing environments by acquiring novel traits.In this review,we outline the history of research into this genetic switch,from its discovery to the latest findings,and discuss its potential roles in the genomic evolution of bacteria.
文摘The methodology for modeling no-frost refrigerator is described based on the component models developed in PartⅠ,and then,system simulation is applied to a BCD-235W refrigerator-freezer(RF).Experiments are carried out to study'pull-down'and steady-state performance of the RF,and to determine how the experiment and simulation temperature stack up against each other.Good match is found between simulated and measured results for the'pull-down'period.For the steady-state period,the simulation results are also found to agree well with experiment ones except for the temperature profiles of the refrigerator compartment(RC) and freezer compartment(FC).The average temperature and the energy consumption errors between measurement and simulation are less than 10%.Although the model can not reflect the non-uniform air temperature fields in the RC and FC,the variation range and periodicities of the temperature correlate well between the simulation and experiment.We conclude that such a model is valid for investigating the performance of no-frost refrigerator.
