基于CCCⅡs接地回转器的系统综合法

根据节点导纳矩阵扩展法(括号符号法),系统综合基于二代电流控制传输器(CCCⅡ)的接地回转器,得到了两类接地回转器.A类回转器使用2个CCCⅡ,并有4种形式.B类回转器使用3个CCCⅡ,并有16种形式.所综合的电路容易被集成,通过调节的CCCⅡ偏置电流,电路的参数能电控调节.为了证实导出电路的可实现性,利用一个A类回转器构造了一个二阶带通滤波器,MULTISIM仿真结果与理论一致.

基于VDTAs接地回转器的系统综合法

基于实现电压差分跨导放大器(VDTA)的接地回转器目的,采用节点导纳矩阵扩展法(括号符号法),系统综合了2个基于VDTA接地回转器。所综合的电路仅仅使用一个VDTA,通过调节VDTA的偏置电流,电路的参数能电控调节。为证实电路工作的可靠性,基于该回转器之一,利用元件替换法,设计了电流模式三阶巴特沃斯高通滤波器,其极点频率为100 k Hz,通带增益为0.5,结合计算机仿真结果,得出所设计的电路正确有效。

基于四OTA正弦振荡器的系统综合法

根据OTA和零-镜元件的端口约束关系,给出SISO-OTA的4个零-镜描述.以此为基础,利用导纳矩阵扩展法实现了OTA正弦振荡器,它使用4个SISO-OTA,共有16种不同形式.由于使用了规范数目的元件,所有电路容易被集成;电路的振荡条件和振荡频率能独立地电控调节.计算机仿真结果与理论一致.

形态系统综合法在内燃机产品改进设计中的应用

形态系统综合法在内燃机产品改进设计中的应用ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｏｒｐｈｏｌｏｇｉｃＩｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄＳｙｓｔｅｍｉｎｔｈｅＩｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｏｆＤｅｓｉｇｎｆｏｒＩｎｔｅｒｎａｌＣｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎＰｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ蔡再喜ＣａｉＺａｉ－Ｘ...

都市农业初探——以杨浦区创智农园为例

文章基于上海创智天地社区景观改造中创智农园的设计及建设过程,对都市农业园特有的生态及社会作用进行了探思。文章总结了创智农园系统化的设计过程及一系列生态、人本的设计理念,并基于其建设成果和初期运营效果,总结了一些设计经验,希望对今后都市农园的推广有所帮助。

Need for a comprehensive medical approach to the neuroimmuno-gastroenterology of irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） is defined by the Rome ]I[ criteria as symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort with the onset of a marked change in bowel habits with no evidence of an inflammatory, anatomic, metabolic, or neoplastic process. As such, many clinicians regard IBS as a central nervous system problem of altered pain perception. Here, we review the recent literature and discuss the evidence that supports an organic based model, which views IBS as a complex, heterogeneous, inter-dependent, and multi-variable inflammatory process along the neuronal-gut axis. We delineate the organic pathophysiology of IBS, demonstrate the role of inflammation in IBS, review the possible differences between adult and pediatric IBS, discuss the merits of a comprehensive treatment model as taught by the Institute of Functional Medicine, and describe the potential for future research for this syndrome.

Global Optimization for the Synthesis of Integrated Water Systems with Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

The problem of optimal synthesis of an integrated water system is addressed in this study, where water using processes and water treatment operations are combined into a single network such that the total cost of fresh water and wastewater treatment is globally minimized. A superstructure that incorporates all feasible design alterna- tives for wastewater treatment, reuse and recycle, is synthesized with a non-linear programming model. An evolutionary approach--an improved particle swarm optimization is proposed for optimizing such systems. Two simple examples are .Presented.to illustrate the global op.timization of inte.grated water networks using the proposed algorithm.

THE INNER-SYSTEM LABELING ALGORITHM AND ITS FAIRNESS ANALYSIS

On the basis of inner-system labeling signaling used in the integrated access system,a kind of inner-system labeling algorithm is introduced in this paper, and the fairness of the algorithm for each traffic stream in the integrated-services is analyzed. The base of this algorithm is Class of Services (CoS), and each packet entering the relative independent area (an autonomous system) would be labeled according to the service type or Quality of Service (QoS) in demand,and be scheduled and managed within the system (the system can be enlarged if conforming to the same protocol). The experimental results show that each of the stream rate in the integratedservices would converge to a stable value if the rates of transmitting converge to that of the receiving exponentially, that is, the effective traffic of each stream would be fair.

Problems of Integrated Assessment of Geo-ecosystems of Steppe Zone of Ural River Basin

Methodological approaches to the assessment of natural geo-ecological systems are researched. Analysis of the interaction of natural and anthropogenic components of the geo-ecological systems and their management is based on the consideration of natural-resource potential in the changing spatial and temporal connection. The principles of identifying and mapping of geo-ecological systems of various rank. Structural changes resulting from anthropogenic transformation allow establish the quality of geo-ecosystems and rank according to the degree of self-realization and sustainability.

Three-dimensional tomography using high-power induced polarization with the similar central gradient array

Induced polarization （IP） 3D tomography with the similar central gradient array combines IP sounding and IP profiling to retrieve 3D resistivity and polarization data rapidly. The method is characterized by high spatial resolution and large probing depth. We discuss data acquisition and 3D IP imaging procedures using the central gradient array with variable electrode distances. A 3D geoelectric model was constructed and then numerically modeled. The data modeling results suggest that this method can capture the features of real geoelectric models. The method was applied to a polymetallic mine in Gansu Province. The results suggest that IP 3D tomography captures the distribution of resistivity and polarization of subsurface media, delineating the extension of abrupt interfaces, and identifies mineralization.

Have the Private Benefits in Italian Firms Decreased？

The topic of the paper is the estimate of the benefit of control, according to the Barclay and Holderness method. The reference system of this research is Italy, given that the empirical evidence of the past which had underlined private benefits particularly high among Italian companies and the reference period is 1999-2007. The idea of this research is to demonstrate that, since the Legislative Decree No. 58 of February 24, 1998 （Consolidated Law on Finance, henceforth Consolidated Law）, which has significantly changed the protection of minority shareholders, in Italian, the intensity of private benefits has on average declined sharply. To this end, considering the results of the empirical researches on periods pre-1998 and at the turn of the Consolidated Law, the paper provides evidence that the improvement of minority shareholder protection already shown by these researches is further accentuated over the years, because of the effects that the new regulatory framework has produced. In fact, the basic assumption is that the important laws, as Consolidate Law, require several years to produce the desired results in full. This idea is supported by the findings of research that show an average percentage of private benefits dropped to five percent of the capital. Hence, the investigation is extended to the demonstration of comparability of this estimation with other estimations quoted in literature, verifying the statistical significance of the correlations between the measures estimated and the variables considered as determinants in much of the literature.

On the Laws and Causes of Socio-economic Territorial Differentiation in Minority Areas in China

On the basis of applying quantitative and qualitative approaches as well as GIS technology, this paper established an index system to make a comprehensive evaluation on socio-economic development of minority areas in China. The result showed that socio-economic development in minority area presents a series of characteristics that the north is high and the south is low, center-margin pattern is obvious and the areas with middle and lower development indices are distributed centrally and continuously. However, the causes of the socio-economic characteristics mainly include natural conditions, economic development basic, population cultural quality, re-gional combination and development conditions of mineral and energy resources, informal institutional factors and distribution of major traffic lines..

运用系统思维方法解决复杂管理问题

管理问题是有层次的,随着我国改革的不断深入,从我国企业管理实际情况看,目前企业碰到的管理难题大都具有形成时间长,空间跨度大、受影响要素多,变易性大的特点.企业管理必须告别原有的带有浓厚的"试凑"色彩的管理制度结构,走出无序化资源配置的盲区.那种直观观察管理问题的传统思维方法已经很难深入观察到管理难题的实质,无力涵盖思维对象存在的时空范畴.要解决现代企业管理上存在的种种难题,除要求管理人员具备必要的专业知识外(这是必不可少的),还应进行思维方法的根本变革,倡导一种系统的思维方法.系统思维方法已不再是解决高科技、系统工程的专门工具,它应成为现代企业管理者解决一切复杂管理问题的有效思想方法.

Evaluation on Contribution of Steel Products to Environmental Improvement from Life Cycle Assessment Perspectives

High functionality given to steel products results in incremental environment loads at the steelmaking stage.However,at the stage of utilization,high-functional steel products prove more environment friendly than their conventional counterparts in many cases.Therefore,evaluation on contribution of steel products to environmental improvement requires an integrated approach that considers the product over its entire life cycle - life cycle assessment(LCA).This paper discusses the relationship between the improvement of steel products performance and environmental impact from the entire life cycle perspectives.The LCA method to calculate and assess contribution of high-functional steel products during the life cycle to environmental improvement is explained.Two case studies of Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd.(Baosteel for short) are given to show that LCA is a scientific and systematic method for eco-materials evaluation or eco-design:in a power transformer,using silicon steel B30P110 to replace B30G130 can reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the region of 15.1% over the life cycle of the power transformer;tinplate steel of Baosteel for two-piece steel cans experienced six times thickness reduction from 0.280 to 0.225 mm,which results in 14.5% emission reduction over the life cycle of two-piece steel cans.It is a systematic and scientific method for evaluating on products environmental performance from life cycle perspective.

Input-Occupancy-Output Technique and Its Applications in China' s Grain Output Prediction and Township and Village Enterprises Study

Under the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China including international cooperative research project, key project and other project, professor Chen Xikang from Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with his colleagues, put forward in-put-occupancy-output technique and then used it in national grain output prediction approach. The main achievements are as follows:

Integrated research methods in watershed science

We discuss the concepts, research methods, and infrastructure of watershed science. A watershed is a basic unit and possesses all of the complexities of the land surface system, thereby making it the best unit for practicing Earth system science. Watershed science is an Earth system science practiced on a watershed scale, and it has developed rapidly over the previous two decades. The goal of watershed science is to understand and predict the behavior of complex watershed systems and support the sustainable development of watersheds. However, watershed science confronts the difficulties of understanding complex systems, achieving scale transformation, and simulating the co-evolution of the human-nature system. These difficulties are fundamentally methodological challenges. Therefore, we discuss the research methods of watershed science, which include the self-organized complex system method, the upscaling method dominated by statistical mechanics, Darwinian approaches based on selection and evolutionary principles, hydro-economic and eco-economic methods that emphasize the human-nature system co-evolution, and meta-synthesis for addressing unstructured problems. These approaches together can create a bridge between holism and reductionism and work as a group of operational methods to combine hard and soft integrations and capture all aspects of both natural and human systems. These methods will contribute to the maturation of watershed science and to a methodology that can be used throughout land-surface systems science.

Statistic Measurement and Empirical Research on Sustainable Development of China Internet

In this paper,the concepts of green development and coordinated development of the Internet are proposed,and the connotation of sustainable development of the Internet is defined further.Based on these,by using the comprehensive evaluation method,the Internet sustainable development index(ISDI) system is created and designed,the sustainable development level of the Internet in China is evaluated and measured systematically,and corresponding policy suggestions are given.