What is open innovation？ There are different definitions of open innovation, depending, at least, on three parameters： source, ownership, or users of the knowledge linked to innovation. The aim of the paper is to ma...What is open innovation？ There are different definitions of open innovation, depending, at least, on three parameters： source, ownership, or users of the knowledge linked to innovation. The aim of the paper is to make a systematic literature review, to map open innovation studies, and to re-conceptualize the openness according to two dimensions： degree of technology convergence and ontology of openness. In particular, we propose a classification of open innovation, based on the distinction between the originator/developer of the knowledge and the user. Users are a ubiquitous category, because they can be originators, as well as customers of the innovation itself. Therefore, we point out that there are three types of open innovation, whose degree of openness is defined according to an ontological dimension： at users’ level, at an industry level, and among different fields or industries. Firm’s structure affects the propensity to open innovation adoption; and the type of innovation itself. Finally, we identify another literature gap： the relationship between the open innovation model and grand challenge. Even if open innovation seems to be ideally connected to grand challenges and many industries actually adopt this model, there seems to emerge a gap in literature. Therefore, we propose a conceptual model for future researches.展开更多
In this paper, an expert decision-making system of technology reformation schemes of a colliery (for short EDSTRC) is researched by comprehensively using ES and DSS principles and computer technique. The functional an...In this paper, an expert decision-making system of technology reformation schemes of a colliery (for short EDSTRC) is researched by comprehensively using ES and DSS principles and computer technique. The functional and logical structures of EDSTRC as well as its sub-systems are mainly designed, and its development and application environment are simply introduced. EDSTRC is consisted of eight main parts, i.e. data base (DB), knowledge base (KB), model base (MB), approach base (AB), graph base (GB), result base (RB), man-compute system (MCS), and problem-solved system (PSS). Through application of practical examples, it is proved that the EDSTRC’s prototype design is correct, its man-computer interface is amicable, and its applicable prospect is wider.展开更多
文摘What is open innovation？ There are different definitions of open innovation, depending, at least, on three parameters： source, ownership, or users of the knowledge linked to innovation. The aim of the paper is to make a systematic literature review, to map open innovation studies, and to re-conceptualize the openness according to two dimensions： degree of technology convergence and ontology of openness. In particular, we propose a classification of open innovation, based on the distinction between the originator/developer of the knowledge and the user. Users are a ubiquitous category, because they can be originators, as well as customers of the innovation itself. Therefore, we point out that there are three types of open innovation, whose degree of openness is defined according to an ontological dimension： at users’ level, at an industry level, and among different fields or industries. Firm’s structure affects the propensity to open innovation adoption; and the type of innovation itself. Finally, we identify another literature gap： the relationship between the open innovation model and grand challenge. Even if open innovation seems to be ideally connected to grand challenges and many industries actually adopt this model, there seems to emerge a gap in literature. Therefore, we propose a conceptual model for future researches.
文摘In this paper, an expert decision-making system of technology reformation schemes of a colliery (for short EDSTRC) is researched by comprehensively using ES and DSS principles and computer technique. The functional and logical structures of EDSTRC as well as its sub-systems are mainly designed, and its development and application environment are simply introduced. EDSTRC is consisted of eight main parts, i.e. data base (DB), knowledge base (KB), model base (MB), approach base (AB), graph base (GB), result base (RB), man-compute system (MCS), and problem-solved system (PSS). Through application of practical examples, it is proved that the EDSTRC’s prototype design is correct, its man-computer interface is amicable, and its applicable prospect is wider.
